Taxonomic structure of bacterial communities in sourdoughs of spontaneous fermentation.

The article is devoted to the study of the microbiome of spontaneously fermented sourdoughs. The aim of the work was to study the inf luence of the technological parameters of sourdough propagations on the taxonomic structure of the microbiome of spontaneously fermented sourdoughs. Two spontaneously fermented sourdoughs were studied: dense rye sourdough and liquid rye sourdough, both prepared using the same batch of peeled rye f lour. To study the taxonomic structure of the sourdough microbiome in dynamics, the method of high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments of microorganisms was used. It was shown that the technological parameters of sourdough (humidity, temperature) do not affect the taxonomic composition of the microbiome of dense rye or liquid rye sourdough at the phylum/class/genus level. It was found that during the f irst three days of propagations, bacteria from the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated in the microbial community. In the phylum Proteobacteria, microorganisms from the order Enterobacterales took a large share, which persisted for three days of backslopping. The phylum Firmicutes was represented by lactic acid bacteria of the genera Weissella, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, Lactococcus. It was established by classical microbiological methods that after a day of fermentation, the number of lactic acid bacteria cells was signif icantly higher in liquid rye sourdough compared to dense one. However, with further propagation of sourdoughs, the number of cells was comparable, while signif icant changes occurred at the level of genera and species. It was shown that as the relative number of lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus increased, a gradual displacement of the coccal forms of Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Weissella, Pediococcus happened. With further propagation of sourdough after 10 days, the position of the dominant groups of bacteria was occupied by representatives of the phylum Firmicutes, lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus. The inf luence of the mode and parameters of the sourdough on the species composition of lactobacilli, which demonstrated a low bacterial diversity, is shown. In the f irst three days of propagations, lactobacilli L. curvatus, L. brevis, and Lactiplantibacil- lus sp. dominated in both sourdoughs. After a month of backslopping, Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Companilactobacillus sp. dominated in dense rye sourdough, and L. pontis dominated in liquid rye sourdough.

The Influence of Comorbid Endemic Goiter on the Quality of Life of Patients with Gastrointestinal Pathology.

The impairment of adaptive mechanisms of functional systems of the body plays an important role in the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. This impairment is caused by unfavorable ecological and radiation conditions, external stress factors, food containing carcinogens, macro - and microelements deficiency. Technogenic environmental pollution contributes to decrease in the level of iodine in the body and more severe course of thyroid pathology. Diseases of the digestive and endocrine systems and their combination will occupy one of the leading places among the existing pathologies according to the forecasts of WHO experts in the XXI century. Adaptation of the body to various environmental influences is the most important factor in the quality of life. The relevance of the study was determined by the high incidence of psychological disadaptation, borderline personality disorders and, as a consequence, decrease in the quality of life in patients with gastrointestinal pathology and hypothyroidism. The article presents the results of comparative analysis of the quality of life indications of patients with gastric ulcer and / or gastroesophageal reflux disease in combination with hypothyroidism. The Russian-language analogue of the international questionnaire SF36 was used to analyze the indicatoions of patients' quality of life. The results of the study will allow to formulate the diagnosis exactly and organize adequate, comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment.

[Problems of safety regulation under radioactive waste management in Russia].

Analysis of the requirements of Federal Law N 190 "About radioactive waste management and incorporation of changes into some legislative acts of the Russian Federation", as well as normative-legislative documents actual and planned to be published related to provision of radiation protection of the workers and the public have been done. Problems of safety regulation raised due to different approaches of Rospotrebnadzor, FMBA of Russia, Rostekhnadzor and Minprirody with respect to classification and categorization of the radioactive wastes, disposal, exemption from regulatory control, etc. have been discussed in the paper. Proposals regarding improvement of the system of safety regulation under radioactive waste management and of cooperation of various regulatory bodies have been formulated.

Hydrogen peroxide and oxygen-hydrogen oxidation of aromatic compounds in catalytic systems containing heteropoly compounds.

Hydrogen peroxide and Pt activated mixture of gaseous O(2) and H(2) have been applied to oxidation of aromatic compounds in the presence of redox active heteropoly compounds in the form of acid H(4)PMo(11)VO(40) and tetrabuthylammonium (TBA) salts TBA(4)PMo(11)VO(40) and TBA(4)HPW(11)Fe(OH)O(39). Benzene, toluene and phenol were subjected to hydroxylation of the ring, which was accompanied by secondary oxidation in the reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Oxygenation of toluene was equally directed to the ring and to methyl group. The total reactivity of substrates was increased in the order of benzene

[Analysis of antibacterial activity of a new antiseptic for therapy of maxillofacial inflammations]. / Analiz antibakterial'noi aktivnosti novogo antisepticheskogo sredstva dlia terapii vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii cheliustno-litsevoi oblasti.

Clinical and experimental studies of polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) experimentally validated the choice of optimal concentration and composition of this agent. The results indicate a high antiseptic activity of 1% PDMDAAC and the possibility of using it in local therapy of periodontitis and posttraumatic infection.

[Analysis of antibacterial activity of a new antiseptic for the treatment of maxillofacial inflammations]. / Analiz antibacterial'noi aktivnosti novogo antisepticheskogo sredstva dlia terapii vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii cheliustno-litsevoi oblasti.

Clinical and experimental studies of polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC) were carried out in order to select the optimal concentration and composition of the preparation. 1% PDMDAAC solution showed high antiseptic activity and can be used for local therapy of the periodontal inflammations and infected posttraumatic wounds.

[Nonparoxysmal tachycardia and accelerated ectopic rhythms]. / Neparoksizmal'naia takhikardiia i uskorennye ektopicheskie ritmy.

Ectopic rhythms with impulse frequency of 60-90 per minute are referred to as "accelerated"; those with the frequency of 91-130 impulses per minute are termed "nonparoxysmal tachycardia". Forty patients (27 with nonparoxysmal tachycardia and 13 with accelerated ectopic rhythms) were under observation. Accelerated rhythms were nearly always free of clinical symptoms and did not require an anti-arrhythmia treatment. Nonparoxysmal supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia was usually accompanied by aggravation of the patient's condition. Nonparoxysmal tachycardia turned to paroxysmal one or vice versa in 7 patients. Cordarone, beta-adrenergic agents and isoptin were particularly effective in the treatment of nonparoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, while ethmosine, cordaron and rhythmodan proved most effective against ventricular arrhythmia.

[Nutritive value of preserved products in tubes for the feeding of pilots and cosmonauts]. / Pishchevaia tsennost' konservirovannykh produktov v tubakh dlia pitaniia letchikov i kosmonavtov.

The nutritional value of new canned liquid and purée-like foodstuffs in aluminum tubes for aircraft and spacecraft pilots has been determined. The recipes and chemical composition of the food items are described. Particular attention is given to the content of amino acids, fatty acids and minerals. It is shown that canned foodstuffs are inhomogeneous in their chemical composition which is to be taken into consideration when they are used as menu items.

[Clinico-genetic diagnosis of severe mental retardation]. / Kliniko-geneticheskaia diagnostika glubokoi umstvennoi otstalosti.

Among 330 patients with severe mental retardation who were consulted at random for medico-genetic purposes (excluding phenylketonuria and Down's disease), 27,3% constituted retarded patients due to genetic diseases, 10%--to exogenous factors. Families with a high genetical risk (25%-50% for sibs) constituted 20%. In the group of patients with severe mental retardation, but without signs of organic lesion in the neurological state or multiple congenital anomalies, there was a higher percentage of consanguineous parents and affected sibs, than in the group of patients with residual-organic neurological changes and in the group of patients with the so-called malformation retardation syndromes.