Mecanismos patogénicos de infección por SARS-CoV-2 y enfermedad renal: una perspectiva clínico-molecular / Pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and kidney disease: a clinical and molecular perspective

La infección por SARS-CoV-2 se ha convertido en unproblema mundial de salud pública. Su presentaciónclínica es variada, desde benigna hasta un síndrome dedistrés respiratorio agudo, afectación sistémica y fallomultiorgánico. La severidad del cuadro clínico depen-de de factores biológicos del virus y del huésped y decomorbilidades como la enfermedad renal. Además, lainteracción entre el virus, la enzima convertidora deangiotensina 2 y la respuesta inmunológica exacerbadapodría conducir al desarrollo de lesión renal aguda. Sinembargo, las implicaciones de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 sobre las células renales, las repercusiones pro-nósticas en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónicay su efecto a largo plazo sobre la función renal no estándel todo claras. El objetivo es revisar el papel del SARS-CoV-2 en la enfermedad renal aguda y crónica, y sus po-sibles mecanismos patogénicos en la afectación renal.

The SARS-CoV-2 infection has become as a worldwidepublic health emergency. It exhibits a variety of clinicalpresentations, ranging from benign to acute respira-tory distress syndrome, systemic involvement, andmultiorganic failure. The severity of the clinical picturedepends on host and virus biological features and thepresence of comorbidities such as chronic kidney dis-ease. In addition, the interaction between the virus,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and the exacerbatedimmune response could lead to the development ofacute kidney injury. However, the implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on renal cells, the prognosis of patientswith chronic kidney disease, and the long-term behav-ior of renal function are not entirely understood. Thisreview aims to explore the role of SARS-CoV-2 in acuteand chronic kidney disease and the possible pathogen-ic mechanisms of renal involvement.(AU)

[Pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and kidney disease: a clinical and molecular perspective].

The SARS-CoV-2 infection has become as a worldwide public health emergency. It exhibits a variety of clinical presentations, ranging from benign to acute respiratory distress syndrome, systemic involvement, and multiorganic failure. The severity of the clinical picture depends on host and virus biological features and the presence of comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease. In addition, the interaction between the virus, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and the exacerbated immune response could lead to the development of acute kidney injury. However, the implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection on renal cells, the prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease, and the long-term behavior of renal function are not entirely understood. This review aims to explore the role of SARS-CoV-2 in acute and chronic kidney disease and the possible pathogenic mechanisms of renal involvement.