Radiographic pelvimetry in the Tamandua tetradactyla / Pelvimetria radiográfica em Tamandua tetradactyla

The pelvis, formed by the ilium, ischium and pubis, forms the coxal, which is the largest of the flat bones of the skeleton, with an important role in the physiology of birth. Vastly studied in domestic animals, there is still much to be investigated regarding the anatomical classification in wild animals, mainly aiming to improve the understanding of the reproductive management of the species. Tamandua tetradactyla is one of these species in which morphological studies are still scarce, especially when it comes to reproductive aspects. In this context, we carried out the pelvimetry of T. tetradactyla using radiographic images to anatomically and obstetrically classify the pelvis of this species, classifying it as dolicopelvic, with evidence of homoscedasticity of the samples. Verification of the existence of a relationship between the variables studied by the statistical method of Pearson coefficients showed positive correlations of high intensity for the diameters studied (P < 0.01). Thus, we believed that our findings may support future reproductive studies in this species.

A pelve, constituída pelo ílio, ísquio e púbis, forma o coxal, sendo este o maior dos ossos planos constituintes do esqueleto, com importante papel na fisiologia do parto. Vastamente estudada em animais domésticos, ainda existe muito à se investigar quanto a classificação anatômica nos animais selvagens, visando principalmente melhorar a compreensão do manejo reprodutivo das espécies. Tamandua tetradactyla é uma dessas espécies em que estudos morfológicos ainda são escassos, principalmente quando se trata de aspectos reprodutivos. Neste contexto realizamos a pelvimetria do T. tetradactyla por meio de imagens radiográficas para classificar anato-obstetricamente a pelve desta espécie classificando-a como dolicopélvica, sendo evidenciada homoscedasticidade das amostras. A verificação da existência de relação entre as variáveis estudadas pelo método estatístico dos coeficientes de Pearson mostrou correlação positivas de alta intensidade para os diâmetros estudados (P< 0,01). Assim, acreditamos que nossos achados poderão subsidiar futuros estudos reprodutivos nesta espécie.

Diagnóstico de divertículo vésico-uracal, em um felino, através da cistografia retrógrada / Diagnosis of vesicle-uracal diverticulum, in a feline, through retrograded cistographyt

O divertículo vésico-uracal é uma afecção caracterizada pela falha no fechamento da porção do úraco localizado no vértice da bexiga, e por projeção luminal convexa ou cônica do vértice da bexiga e pode ser de origem congênita ou adquirida, associada ao aumento de pressão intraluminal e distúrbios do trato urinário inferior. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um felino com divertículo vésico-uracal congênito relacionado à cistite crônica recorrente. Após o exame físico verificou-se que o gato tinha sensibilidade abdominal e bexiga com repleção acentuada. Como tratamento, o animal foi sondado, através da uretra, para a realização da lavagem vesical. Posteriormente foi encaminhado para a realização de exames imaginológicos de ultrassonografia convencional e radiografia contrastada. Conclui-se que a uretrocistografia excretora retrógrada mostrou-se um bom método de diagnóstico por imagem para a identificação dessa enfermidade.(AU)

Vesicle-uracal diverticulum is characterized by failure in closure the portion of the urachus located at the apex of the bladder, and by convex or conical luminal projection of the bladder apex, and may be of congenital or acquired origin associated with increased intraluminal pressure and lower urinary tract disorders. The present study aims to report a case of a feline with congenital vesicle-uracal diverticulum related to recurrent chronic cystitis. After the physical examination, it was verified that the cat had abdominal sensitivity and bladder with marked repletion. As treatment, the animal was probed through the urethra to perform vesical lavage, and later it was referred for imaging, conventional ultrasonography and contrast radiography. It was concluded that retrograde excretory uretrocistography was a good imaging diagnostic method for the identification of the disease.(AU)

Diagnóstico de divertículo vésico-uracal, em um felino, através da cistografia retrógrada / Diagnosis of vesicle-uracal diverticulum, in a feline, through retrograded cistographyt

O divertículo vésico-uracal é uma afecção caracterizada pela falha no fechamento da porção do úraco localizado no vértice da bexiga, e por projeção luminal convexa ou cônica do vértice da bexiga e pode ser de origem congênita ou adquirida, associada ao aumento de pressão intraluminal e distúrbios do trato urinário inferior. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um felino com divertículo vésico-uracal congênito relacionado à cistite crônica recorrente. Após o exame físico verificou-se que o gato tinha sensibilidade abdominal e bexiga com repleção acentuada. Como tratamento, o animal foi sondado, através da uretra, para a realização da lavagem vesical. Posteriormente foi encaminhado para a realização de exames imaginológicos de ultrassonografia convencional e radiografia contrastada. Conclui-se que a uretrocistografia excretora retrógrada mostrou-se um bom método de diagnóstico por imagem para a identificação dessa enfermidade.

Vesicle-uracal diverticulum is characterized by failure in closure the portion of the urachus located at the apex of the bladder, and by convex or conical luminal projection of the bladder apex, and may be of congenital or acquired origin associated with increased intraluminal pressure and lower urinary tract disorders. The present study aims to report a case of a feline with congenital vesicle-uracal diverticulum related to recurrent chronic cystitis. After the physical examination, it was verified that the cat had abdominal sensitivity and bladder with marked repletion. As treatment, the animal was probed through the urethra to perform vesical lavage, and later it was referred for imaging, conventional ultrasonography and contrast radiography. It was concluded that retrograde excretory uretrocistography was a good imaging diagnostic method for the identification of the disease.

Diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale using ultrasonography and microscopy: a case report / Diagnóstico de Dioctophyma renale utilizando a ultrassonografia emicroscopia em um cão em Belém do Pará, Brasil: relato de caso

Dioctophyma renale is classified as a cosmopolitan zoonotic helminth, belonging to Nematoda class and Dioctophymoidea superfamily. Dogs are considered definitive hosts, suffering with large kidney damage, and the disease diagnosis can be done through ultrasound, x-ray and light microscopy. The aim in this paper was to report the sonographic and microscopic aspects of a canine affected by Dioctophyma renale. Dark colored urine evolving to hematuria and abdominal pain was the main symptoms observed in the animal. Performing urinalysis it was verified D. renale eggs. Ultrasonography could observe total destruction of the right renal parenchyma, hyperechoic structures of cylindrical and rounded shape bounded by the renal capsule, suggesting the presence of the parasite, while the left kidney had normal size. The animal was submitted to nephrectomy, confirming the worm presence, measuring 31.8 cm long. It can be stated that ultrasound and light microscopy are highly effective to establish a definitive diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale.

O dioctophyma renale é classificado como um helminto zoonótico cosmopolita, pertencenteà classe de Nematoda e superfamília de Dioctophymoidea. Os cães são considerados hospedeirosdefinitivos, e sofrem grande dano renal. O diagnóstico pode ser feito através de ultrassom, raiosx e microscopia de luz. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar os aspectos ultrassonográficose microscópicos de um canino afetado por Dioctophyma renale. A urina de cor escura comevolução para hematúria e dor abdominal foram os principais sintomas observados no animal.Foi realizada a urinálise, onde foi evidenciado os ovos de D. renale. Na ultrassonografia pôde-seobservar destruição total do parênquima renal direito, estruturas hiperecoicas de forma cilíndricae arredondada delimitadas pela cápsula renal, sugerindo a presença do parasita, enquanto o rimesquerdo estava com seu tamanho normal. O animal foi submetido à nefrectomia, confirmandoa presença do verme, medindo 31,8 cm de comprimento. Pode-se afirmar que o ultrassome a microscopia de luz são altamente eficazes para estabelecer um diagnóstico definitivo de Dioctophym arenale.

Diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale using ultrasonography and microscopy: a case report / Diagnóstico de Dioctophyma renale utilizando a ultrassonografia emicroscopia em um cão em Belém do Pará, Brasil: relato de caso

Dioctophyma renale is classified as a cosmopolitan zoonotic helminth, belonging to Nematoda class and Dioctophymoidea superfamily. Dogs are considered definitive hosts, suffering with large kidney damage, and the disease diagnosis can be done through ultrasound, x-ray and light microscopy. The aim in this paper was to report the sonographic and microscopic aspects of a canine affected by Dioctophyma renale. Dark colored urine evolving to hematuria and abdominal pain was the main symptoms observed in the animal. Performing urinalysis it was verified D. renale eggs. Ultrasonography could observe total destruction of the right renal parenchyma, hyperechoic structures of cylindrical and rounded shape bounded by the renal capsule, suggesting the presence of the parasite, while the left kidney had normal size. The animal was submitted to nephrectomy, confirming the worm presence, measuring 31.8 cm long. It can be stated that ultrasound and light microscopy are highly effective to establish a definitive diagnosis of Dioctophyma renale.(AU)

O dioctophyma renale é classificado como um helminto zoonótico cosmopolita, pertencenteà classe de Nematoda e superfamília de Dioctophymoidea. Os cães são considerados hospedeirosdefinitivos, e sofrem grande dano renal. O diagnóstico pode ser feito através de ultrassom, raiosx e microscopia de luz. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar os aspectos ultrassonográficose microscópicos de um canino afetado por Dioctophyma renale. A urina de cor escura comevolução para hematúria e dor abdominal foram os principais sintomas observados no animal.Foi realizada a urinálise, onde foi evidenciado os ovos de D. renale. Na ultrassonografia pôde-seobservar destruição total do parênquima renal direito, estruturas hiperecoicas de forma cilíndricae arredondada delimitadas pela cápsula renal, sugerindo a presença do parasita, enquanto o rimesquerdo estava com seu tamanho normal. O animal foi submetido à nefrectomia, confirmandoa presença do verme, medindo 31,8 cm de comprimento. Pode-se afirmar que o ultrassome a microscopia de luz são altamente eficazes para estabelecer um diagnóstico definitivo de Dioctophym arenale.(AU)

Gravidez ectópica em gata associada à mumificação fetal / Ectopic pregnancy in cat associated with a fetal mummification

The objective of this study was to report a case of ectopic pregnancy in a domestic feline. It conducted aphysical examination and blood count, biochemistry, x-ray, abdominal ultrasound and electrocardiogram. Bloodcount and serum biochemistry was not observed any changes. In radiographic examination, there was increasedradiopacity in the cranial region to the heart, heart silhouette presented is positioned horizontally to thethoracic floor. In cranial abdomen was noticed accidentally, a radiopaque structure, well-defined, out of thetopography of uterus, suggesting fetus macerated ectopic. In ultrasound examination was not observed anystructure within the uterus. The animal was referred to surgery, to carry out the exploratory laparotomy andovariosalpingohisterectomy. the mummified fetus was adhered to the omentum, located in the cranial region left abdomen was removed.(AU)

Casuística das afecções do sistema reprodutor de cães diagnosticados pela ultrassonografia no Hospital Veterinário da UFRA (Belém/PA) em 2015 / Ultrasonographic survey related to reproductive system of dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital of UFRA (Belém/PA) in 2015

Ultrasonography is a powerful ally of the medical clinic, assisting in the definition of gynecologicaldiagnoses and andrological pathologies. The aim of this study was to present the ultrasonographic survey of themain reproductive disorders of dogs at the Diagnostic Imaging Sector of the Veterinary Hospital at FederalRural University of Amazon from January to December 2015. Abdominal ultrasound examinations of 200canines of both sexes and different age groups were performed, and the data referring to the diagnoses ofreproductive alterations were recorded and tabulated in spreadsheet and organized in percentages according tothe prevalence. 887 ultrasound examinations were performed where 200 dogs presented diseases related to thereproductive organs, representing 22.5% of the casuistry. From the aid of this diagnostic method, it wasevidenced that the main ilnesses that affect reproductive system of dogs attended by this institution werepyometra and benign prostatic hyperplasia.(AU)

Casuística das afecções do sistema reprodutor de cães diagnosticados pela ultrassonografia no Hospital Veterinário da UFRA (Belém/PA) em 2015 / Ultrasonographic survey related to reproductive system of dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital of UFRA (Belém/PA) in 2015

Ultrasonography is a powerful ally of the medical clinic, assisting in the definition of gynecologicaldiagnoses and andrological pathologies. The aim of this study was to present the ultrasonographic survey of themain reproductive disorders of dogs at the Diagnostic Imaging Sector of the Veterinary Hospital at FederalRural University of Amazon from January to December 2015. Abdominal ultrasound examinations of 200canines of both sexes and different age groups were performed, and the data referring to the diagnoses ofreproductive alterations were recorded and tabulated in spreadsheet and organized in percentages according tothe prevalence. 887 ultrasound examinations were performed where 200 dogs presented diseases related to thereproductive organs, representing 22.5% of the casuistry. From the aid of this diagnostic method, it wasevidenced that the main ilnesses that affect reproductive system of dogs attended by this institution werepyometra and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Gravidez ectópica em gata associada à mumificação fetal / Ectopic pregnancy in cat associated with a fetal mummification

The objective of this study was to report a case of ectopic pregnancy in a domestic feline. It conducted aphysical examination and blood count, biochemistry, x-ray, abdominal ultrasound and electrocardiogram. Bloodcount and serum biochemistry was not observed any changes. In radiographic examination, there was increasedradiopacity in the cranial region to the heart, heart silhouette presented is positioned horizontally to thethoracic floor. In cranial abdomen was noticed accidentally, a radiopaque structure, well-defined, out of thetopography of uterus, suggesting fetus macerated ectopic. In ultrasound examination was not observed anystructure within the uterus. The animal was referred to surgery, to carry out the exploratory laparotomy andovariosalpingohisterectomy. the mummified fetus was adhered to the omentum, located in the cranial region left abdomen was removed.

Produção e composição do leite de búfalas tratadas com somatotropina recombinante bovina no pico de lactação / Production and composition of buffaloes milk at peak lactation treated with bovine recombinant somatotropin

Objetivou-se avaliar a produção e composição do leite de búfalas leiteiras tratadas com somatotropina recombinante bovina (rbST) no pico da lactação. Foram utilizadas 18 búfalas adultas distribuídas em dois grupos experimentais. Grupo tratado (rbST): composto por 9 animais que receberam a aplicação de 500 mg de rbST a cada 14 dias, por via subcutânea, totalizando três aplicações. Grupo não tratado(controle): 9 búfalas que não receberam aplicação de rbST. Semanalmente, foi colhida uma amostra de leite para análise e mensurada a produção leiteira de todas as búfalas. As variáveis produtivas e as análises laboratoriais foram avaliadas como medidas repetidas no tempo, referentes aos tempos de colheita dos dados (tempo) de acordo com cada tratamento (rbST e controle). Quando a premissa de esfericidade não foi respeitada (P<0,05), as probabilidades de tempo (P tempo) e das interações dos tratamentos com o tempo (P trat*tempo) foram corrigidas pelo teste de Greenhouse-Geisse Epsilon. A média dos parâmetros estudados, segundo o grupo experimental (tratamento e controle) foi: produção de leite(7,51 e 7,37 kg), gordura (6,12 e 5,94%), proteína (3,82 e 3,66 %), lactose (4,98 e 5,03%), sólidos totais(15,87 e 15,61%), extrato seco desengordurado (7,35 e 7,37%), contagem de células somáticas (411,38 e 237,74 cél/mil/mL), respectivamente. A administração da rbST não influenciou os índices de produção e composição do leite de búfalas tratadas por 28 dias.

This study aimed to evaluate the production and milk composition of dairy buffaloes treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) at peak lactation. Were used 18 adult buffaloes divided into two experimental groups. Treated group (rbST), consisting of 9 animals that received the application of rbST 500 mg every 14 days, by subcutaneous injection, totaling three applications. Untreated group (control):9 buffaloes that did not receive rbST treatment. Weekly was measured milk production of all buffaloes and one sample of milk. Production variables and those originating from laboratory tests were evaluated as repeated measures, referring to the times of collection data (time) according to each treatment (control and rbST). When the assumption of sphericity was not observed (P <0.05), the probabilities of time (P time) and interactions of treatment with time (P trat*time) were corrected by the Greenhouse-Geisse Epsilon test. The average of the parameters studied according to the experimental groups (treatment and control group) was: Milk Production (7.51 and 7.37 kg) fat (6.12 and 5.94%), protein (3.82 and 3.66 %), lactose (4.98 and 5.03%), total solids (15.87 and 15.61%), nonfat solids (7.35 and 7.37%), somatic cell count (411.38 and 237.74 cells / mil / mL), respectively. The administration of rbST did not affect production rates and composition of milk of buffaloes treated for 28 days.

Produção e composição do leite de búfalas tratadas com somatotropina recombinante bovina no pico de lactação / Production and composition of buffaloes milk at peak lactation treated with bovine recombinant somatotropin

Objetivou-se avaliar a produção e composição do leite de búfalas leiteiras tratadas com somatotropina recombinante bovina (rbST) no pico da lactação. Foram utilizadas 18 búfalas adultas distribuídas em dois grupos experimentais. Grupo tratado (rbST): composto por 9 animais que receberam a aplicação de 500 mg de rbST a cada 14 dias, por via subcutânea, totalizando três aplicações. Grupo não tratado(controle): 9 búfalas que não receberam aplicação de rbST. Semanalmente, foi colhida uma amostra de leite para análise e mensurada a produção leiteira de todas as búfalas. As variáveis produtivas e as análises laboratoriais foram avaliadas como medidas repetidas no tempo, referentes aos tempos de colheita dos dados (tempo) de acordo com cada tratamento (rbST e controle). Quando a premissa de esfericidade não foi respeitada (P<0,05), as probabilidades de tempo (P tempo) e das interações dos tratamentos com o tempo (P trat*tempo) foram corrigidas pelo teste de Greenhouse-Geisse Epsilon. A média dos parâmetros estudados, segundo o grupo experimental (tratamento e controle) foi: produção de leite(7,51 e 7,37 kg), gordura (6,12 e 5,94%), proteína (3,82 e 3,66 %), lactose (4,98 e 5,03%), sólidos totais(15,87 e 15,61%), extrato seco desengordurado (7,35 e 7,37%), contagem de células somáticas (411,38 e 237,74 cél/mil/mL), respectivamente. A administração da rbST não influenciou os índices de produção e composição do leite de búfalas tratadas por 28 dias.(AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the production and milk composition of dairy buffaloes treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) at peak lactation. Were used 18 adult buffaloes divided into two experimental groups. Treated group (rbST), consisting of 9 animals that received the application of rbST 500 mg every 14 days, by subcutaneous injection, totaling three applications. Untreated group (control):9 buffaloes that did not receive rbST treatment. Weekly was measured milk production of all buffaloes and one sample of milk. Production variables and those originating from laboratory tests were evaluated as repeated measures, referring to the times of collection data (time) according to each treatment (control and rbST). When the assumption of sphericity was not observed (P <0.05), the probabilities of time (P time) and interactions of treatment with time (P trat*time) were corrected by the Greenhouse-Geisse Epsilon test. The average of the parameters studied according to the experimental groups (treatment and control group) was: Milk Production (7.51 and 7.37 kg) fat (6.12 and 5.94%), protein (3.82 and 3.66 %), lactose (4.98 and 5.03%), total solids (15.87 and 15.61%), nonfat solids (7.35 and 7.37%), somatic cell count (411.38 and 237.74 cells / mil / mL), respectively. The administration of rbST did not affect production rates and composition of milk of buffaloes treated for 28 days.(AU)