RESUMEN
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis, endemic in Latin America. The etiologic agents of this mycosis are composed of 2 species: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii. Murine animal models are the gold standard for in vivo studies; however, ethical, economical and logistical considerations limit their use. Galleria mellonella is a suitable model for in vivo studies of fungal infections. In this study, we compared the virulence of P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii in G. mellonella model. The deaths of larvae infected with P. brasiliensis or P. lutzii were similar, and both species were able to reduce the number of hemocytes, which were estimated by microscopy and flow cytometer. Additionally, the phagocytosis percentage was similar for both species, but when we analyze hemocyte-Paracoccidioides spp. interaction using flow cytometer, P. lutzii showed higher interactions with hemocytes. The gene expression of gp43 as well as this protein was higher for P. lutzii, and this expression may contribute to a greater adherence to hemocytes. These results helped us evaluate the behavior of Paracoccidioides spp in G. mellonella, which is a convenient model for investigating the host-Paracoccidioides spp. interaction.
Asunto(s)
Paracoccidioides/patogenicidad , Paracoccidioidomicosis/microbiología , Animales , Antígenos Fúngicos/biosíntesis , Antígenos Fúngicos/genética , Western Blotting , Adhesión Celular , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Citometría de Flujo , Proteínas Fúngicas/biosíntesis , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Glicoproteínas/biosíntesis , Glicoproteínas/genética , Hemocitos/microbiología , Hemocitos/patología , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Mariposas Nocturnas , Paracoccidioides/genética , Paracoccidioides/metabolismo , Paracoccidioidomicosis/patología , Fagocitosis , VirulenciaRESUMEN
Millions of people and animals suffer from superficial infections caused by a group of highly specialized filamentous fungi, the dermatophytes, which only infect keratinized structures. With the appearance of AIDS, the incidence of dermatophytosis has increased. Current drug therapy used for these infections is often toxic, long-term, and expensive and has limited effectiveness; therefore, the discovery of new anti dermatophytic compounds is a necessity. Natural products have been the most productive source for new drug development. This paper provides a brief review of the current literature regarding the presence of dermatophytes in immunocompromised patients, drug resistance to conventional treatments and new anti dermatophytic treatments.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificación , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Productos Biológicos/aislamiento & purificación , Productos Biológicos/farmacología , Descubrimiento de Drogas/tendencias , Tiña/tratamiento farmacológico , Tiña/epidemiología , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Arthrodermataceae/efectos de los fármacos , Productos Biológicos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Millions of people and animals suffer from superficial infections caused by a group of highly specialized filamentous fungi, the dermatophytes, which only infect keratinized structures. With the appearance of AIDS, the incidence of dermatophytosis has increased. Current drug therapy used for these infections is often toxic, long-term, and expensive and has limited effectiveness; therefore, the discovery of new anti dermatophytic compounds is a necessity. Natural products have been the most productive source for new drug development. This paper provides a brief review of the current literature regarding the presence of dermatophytes in immunocompromised patients, drug resistance to conventional treatments and new anti dermatophytic treatments.