Three new species of Hygrodromicus/ Tronquet, 1981 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae: Anthophagini) from China.

Three new species of the genus Hygrodromicus Tronquet, 1981 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae: Anthophagini) from China are described and illustrated: H. carbonarius Cheng, Li Peng sp. n., H. danlangi Cheng, Li Peng sp. n. (Xizang), and H. shaanxiensis Cheng, Li Peng sp. n. (Shaanxi). The genus Hygrodromicus is recorded from China for the first time. A key and distribution map of the Chinese species of Hygrodromicus are provided.

Association between carotid intima-media thickness and visceral fat area in children aged 6-7 years / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To identify the association of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and visceral fat area (VFA) to inform prevention of cardiovascular disease in later life.@*Methods@#All the grade one students of six non-boarding primary schools in Shunyi District, Beijing were enrolled, based on population-based survey design, to establish the child cohort on sensitization, puberty, obesity and cardiovascular risk (PROC). Socio-demographic information survey and anthropometric measure, blood and urine test were carried out. Robust linear regression was used to determine the relationship between cIMT and other factors.@*Results@#Among 1 711 participants, a significant difference were observed between normal, overweight and obesity children on cIMT [(0.35±0.02)(0.36±0.02)(0.37±0.03)mm] (F=41.4, P<0.01) and VFA [16.2(13.6-19.3), 22.7(18.6-27.3), 51.5(33.9-73.0)cm2] (χ2=854.5, P<0.01). After adjusting age and sex, univariate robust linear regression showed that cIMT was associated with height, SBP, DBP, HDL-C, VFA (P<0.05) and TG (P=0.055). Multivariable robust linear regression indicated that in total and boys only included models, cIMT was associated with VFA and SBP(β=0.000 2, 0.000 2, 0.000 2, 0.000 2, P<0.05); while in girls only included model cIMT was associated with VFA and TG (β=0.000 2, 0.006 2, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#VFA is stable to predict the increase of cIMT in children. We can use VFA to simplify the classification management of children and inform targeted early prevention of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

A new species of Parabolitobius Li, Zhao Sakai, 2000 from central China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae).

Parabolitobius sinensis a new species of the tachyporine genus Parabolitobius Li, Zhao Sakai, 2000 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from the mountainous area of central China, is described and illustrated. It is compared to P. prolongatus (Sharp, 1888) and P. yezoensis Li, Zhao Sakai, 2000, the only two other species occurring in the eastern Palaearctic region. The new species differs mainly in the smaller body size, the strongly reduced hindwings in both sexes, the forms of the elytra, tergite VII, and male tergite and sternite VIII, and the unique configuration of the aedeagus.

Eleven new species and new records of the Tachinus nepalensis Ullrich group of the subgenus Tachinoderus Motschulsky from China, Vietnam and Laos (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae).

Eleven new species of the Tachinus nepalensis Ullrich group of the subgenus Tachinoderus Motschulsky are described from China, Vietnam and Laos: T. asperius Chang, Li Yin, sp. nov. (Yunnan), T. biangulatus Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Shaanxi, Sichuan), T. bimorphus Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Yunnan, Xizang), T. breviculus Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Sichuan, Yunnan), T. chengzhifeii Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Hubei, Fujian, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, Vietnam: Sa Pa), T. granosus Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan), T. maculosus Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Yunnan), T. meniscus Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan), T. qian Chang, Li Yin, sp. nov. (Guizhou), T. songxiaobini Chang, Li Yin, sp. nov. (Yunnan), and T. yunnanensis Chang, Li, Yin Schülke, sp. nov. (Yunnan; Laos: Phongsaly). Main characters distinguishing species are the shapes of the terminal tergites and sternites of both sexes, and morphological differences in the aedeagi. New collecting data for eight known species: T. beckeri Ullrich, T. grandicollis (Bernhauer), T. laosensis Katayama Li, T. naomii Li, T. nigriceps Sharp, T. pseudobirmanus Schülke, T. sugayai Schülke and T. yushanensis Campbell are given. Tachinus laosensis Katayama Li is recorded from China for the first time. An identification key to and distributional maps of the Chinese species of the T. nepalensis group are provided.

Supplement to the knowledge of the Tachinus longicornis-group (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae) in China.

A new species of the Tachinus longicornis-group of the subgenus Tachinoderus Motschulsky, i.e., T.  motuoensis Chang, Li Yin, sp. nov., is described from Xizang, China. New collecting records are provided for T. (Tachinoderus) bilobus Chang, Li Yin and T. (Tachinoderus) ohbayashii Li, Zhao Sakai in Hubei.

A contribution to the knowledge of the genus Lacvietina Herman (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae) from China.

The tachyporine genus Lacvietina Herman is represented in China by two species: L. punctatissima (Hayashi) from Taiwan and L. lii (Li, Tang Zhu) from Guizhou. Here we described a third species, L. nabanhensis Chang, Li Yin, sp. nov., from Yunnan. Moreover, new collecting data and a redescription of L. lii are provided.

New species and new records of the genus Deinopteroloma Jansson, 1946 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae) from China.

New morphological, taxonomic and faunistic data of the genus Deinopteroloma Jansson, 1946 from China are provided. Two species are described and illustrated: D.songi Peng & L.-Z. Li, sp. n. (Xizang: Pailong) and D.spinigerum Peng & L.-Z. Li, sp. n. (Hunan: Mangshan). New provincial records are provided for D.hamatum Smetana, 1996 from Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangxi, D.obtortum Assing, 2015 from Sichuan, and D.tricuspidatum Smetana, 1996 from Zhejiang.

Fifteen new species and a new country record of Labomimus Sharp from China, with a checklist of world species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae).

The diversity of the 'Pselaphodes complex' of genera from Asia remains fragmentally documented. Herein we describe fifteen new species of the genus Labomimus Sharp from China: L. assingi sp. nov. and L. dilatatus sp. nov. from Shaanxi, L. longnan sp. nov. and L. minshanus sp. nov. from Gansu, L. chouwenii sp. nov. from Taiwan, L. yue sp. nov. from Guangdong, L. howaichuni sp. nov. from Hong Kong, L. jinfomontis sp. nov. from Chongqing, L. niger sp. nov. from Sichuan, L. maolan sp. nov. from Guizhou, L. corpulentus sp. nov., L. dulongensis sp. nov., and L. wuchaoi sp. nov. from Yunnan, and L. medogensis sp. nov. and L. qiujianyuae sp. nov. from Xizang. A little known species, L. torticornis (Champion), originally described from Assam, northeastern India, is newly recorded in Yunnan, southwestern China. Illustrations of the habitus and major diagnostic characters of all treated species are provided. A checklist and a distributional map of world species are given.

New species and new records of Lesteva Latreille, 1797 (Coleoptera Staphylinidae: Omaliinae) from China.

New taxonomic, diagnostic and faunistic data for eighteen species of the genus Lesteva Latreille, 1797 from China are provided, of which three are described as new: L. (s.str.) concava Cheng, Li Peng, sp. nov. (Anhui, Zhejiang), L. (s.str.) elongata Cheng, Li Peng, sp. nov. (Zhejiang) and L. (s.str.) obesa Cheng, Li Peng, sp. nov. (Chongqing). New provincial records are provided for L. (s.str.) brevimacula Ma Li, 2012, L. (s.str.) cala Ma, Li Zhao, 2012, L. (s.str.) cooteri Rougemont, 2000 and L. (s.str.) erythra Ma, Li Zhao, 2012 from Anhui, L. (s.str.) dabashanensis Rougemont, 2000 from Anhui, Zhejiang and Jiangxi, L. (s.str.) elegantula Rougemont, 2000 from Anhui and Guizhou, L. (s.str.) fikaceki Shavrin, 2013 from Hunan, L. (s.str.) huabeiensis Rougemont, 2000 from Ningxia, L. (s.str.) ochra Li, Li Zhao, 2005 from Anhui and Guizhou, L. (incertae sedis) rufimarginata Rougemont, 2000 from Hebei, L. (s.str.) rufopunctata rufopunctata Rougemont, 2000 from Qinghai, Anhui and Chongqing, L. (s.str.) submaculata Rougemont, 2000 from Anhui and Hubei.and Lesteva (s.str.) cordicollis Motschulsky, 1860, originally known from the Far East of Russia, is recorded from China (Heilongjiang) for the first time. The male sexual characters of L. rufimarginata Rougemont is described and illustrated for the first time. A key and some distribution maps of the Chinese species of Lesteva are provided.

A review of the Tachinus longicornis-group of the subgenus Tachinoderus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae) from China.

The Chinese species of the Tachinus longicornis-group of the subgenus Tachinoderus Motschulsky are reviewed with six species being treated, of which five are described as new: T. bilobus Chang, Li, Yin sp. nov. (Hubei, Sichuan), T. centralis Chang, Li, Yin Schülke sp. nov. (Shaanxi, Hubei, Chongqing, and Sichuan), T. curvipennis Chang, Li, Yin sp. nov. (Hubei), T. lobutulus Chang, Li, Yin sp. nov. (Yunnan), and T. tangliangi Chang, Li, Yin Schülke sp. nov. (Yunnan; Thailand: Chiang Mai). Numerous new records are provided for T. ohbayashii Li, Zhao Sakai, a species originally described from West Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang. An identification key and a distributional map for the Chinese species are given.

Low-dose chidamide restores immune tolerance in ITP in mice and humans.

Increased macrophage phagocytosis of antibody-coated platelets, as well as decreased numbers and/or impaired function of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells, has been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Low-dose histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi's) are anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents that can enhance immunosuppression in graft-versus-host disease by increasing the number and function of Foxp3+ Treg cells, but it is unclear whether they have the potential to promote immune tolerance and platelet release in ITP. In this study, we performed in vitro and in vivo experiments and found that a low-dose HDACi (chidamide) alleviated thrombocytopenia in passive and active murine models of ITP. Further, low-dose HDACi's attenuated macrophage phagocytosis of antibody-coated platelets, stimulated the production of natural Foxp3+ Treg cells, promoted the peripheral conversion of T cells into Treg cells, and restored Treg cell suppression in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we confirmed that low-dose HDACi's could regulate CTLA4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells through modulation of histone H3K27 acetylation. Low-dose HDACi treatment in ITP could be offset by blocking the effect of CTLA4. Therefore, we propose that low-dose chidamide administration has potential as a novel treatment for ITP in the clinic.

Six new species and a new record of Linan Hlavác in China, with a key to species (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae).

Six new species of the genus Linan Hlavác are described from central to southern China: L.arcitibialis sp. n. (Hubei), L.denticulatus sp. n. (Guizhou), L.divaricatus sp. n. (Jiangxi), L.geneolatus sp. n. (Guizhou), L.mangshanus sp. n. (Hunan), and L.mulunensis sp. n. (Guangxi), with illustrations of habitus and major diagnostic characters. Linanmegalobus Yin & Li, originally described from Guizhou, is newly recorded in Hubei. An updated key to and a distributional map of all 16 known species are provided.

New species and record of Nazeris Fauvel in southern China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae).

Four species of Nazeris Fauvel are reported from Guangdong and Hunan, China, with three of them described as new: N. rubidus Hu, Luo Li, sp. n., N. nanlingensis Hu, Luo Li, sp. n., and N. gaoleii Hu, Luo Li, sp. n. Nazeris inaequalis Assing, 2014 is newly recorded from Guangdong Province.

A new species and an additional record of Pseudotachinus Cameron from China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae).

Pseudotachinus bilobus Yin and Li, new species, is described from the border of Guizhou and Guangxi, southern China, with habitus and diagnostic features illustrated. The new species is distinct, and can be readily separated from all other congeners by the complete lack of microsculpture on the dorsal surface of the body, strongly transverse elytra, and unique forms of male and female sternites VIII. In addition, P. assingi Schülke is recorded from a new locality in Yunnan. The latest identification key and distributional map of Pseudotachinus are modified to include the new data.

Four new species of Pselaphodes Westwood (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Thailand, Laos, and China.

Four new species of Pselaphodes Westwood are described from southern Asia: P. femoralis sp. n. (China, Thailand), P. incisus sp. n. (China, Laos), P. suthepensis sp. n. (Thailand), and P. thailandicus sp. n. (Thailand), supported by illustrations of male habitus and major diagnostic characters. One of the new species (P. femoralis) exhibits considerable intraspecific variation in the aedeagal structure, but may be readily distinguished by a stable combination of unique male external features.

Two new species of Nazeris Fauvel in the Luoxiao Mountain Range, China(Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae).

Six species of the genus Nazeris Fauvel, 1873 are recorded in the Luoxiao Mountain Range, China. Two of them are described: N. yipingae sp. n. and N. jiaweii sp. n. Nazeris xiaobini Hu Li, 2015 and N. rufus Hu Li, 2015 are newly recorded from Hubei Province. An identification key to the Nazeris species in this area and a map showing their distribution are given.

New data on the genus Domene (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) of mainland China.

Material of the genus Domene Fauvel, 1873 from the Chinese provinces Heilongjiang, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guangdong and Guangxi was examined. Twelve species were identified, seven of them described previously, and five are newly described: D. aqiang Peng and Li, sp. n. (Guangdong: Nanling); D. jiangi Peng and Li, sp. n. (Fujian: Tanshan Park); D. jini Peng and Li, sp. n. (Guangxi: Jiuwan Shan); D. nanlingensis Peng and Li, sp. n. (Guangdong: Nanling); D. tui Peng and Li, sp. n. (Guizhou: Sanchahe). The genus is now represented in mainland China by 21 species. A key to the Domene species of mainland China is provided.

Specialized adaptations for springtail predation in Mesozoic beetles.

Insects exhibit a variety of morphological specializations specific to particular behaviors, and these permit the reconstruction of palaeobiological traits. Despite the critical importance of predator-prey strategies in insect evolution, the appearance of particular aspects of predation are often difficult to determine from the fossil record of hexapods. Here we report the discovery of highly specialized, mid-Cretaceous ant-like stone beetles (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae) displaying morphological modifications unknown among living scydmaenids and associated with predation on springtails (Collembola), a widespread and abundant group of significantly greater geological age. Cascomastigus monstrabilis gen. et sp. nov. exhibits an extremely large body size, elongate clubbed maxillary palpi, toothed mandibles, and more importantly, slender and highly modified antennae that functioned as an antennal setal trap. Such an antennal modification is analogous to that of the modern ground beetle genus Loricera (Carabidae: Loricerinae), a group possessing a specialized antennal setal trap exclusively for the capture of springtails. The presence of an identical antennal setal trap in C. monstrabilis demonstrates a unique and dramatic form of obligate predation among the late Mesozoic insects.

New data on brachypterous Paederus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) of mainland China.

Material of the brachypterous Paederus of the Chinese provinces Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hunan, Fujian, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guangdong and Guangxi was examined. In total, twelve species are recognized, among which two are described here as new: P. daicongchaoi sp. n. (Anhui: Yaolouping) and P. nanlingensis sp. n. (Guangdong: Nanling). One species probably undescribed remains unnamed and one synonymy is proposed: Paederus (Gnathopaederus) bursavacua Willers, 2001 = Paederus (Gnathopaederus) daozhenensis Li & Zhou, 2009, nov. syn. A key to the brachypterous Paederus species of mainland China is provided.

Three new species of Nazeris Fauvel in Xizang, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae).

The paederine genus Nazeris Fauvel, 1873 previously included 241 described species and seven subspecies (Assing, 2016). As many as 49 species have been recorded from the Himalaya (Assing, 2014). In China, Yunnan has the greatest diversity of Nazeris (45 species). Xizang is the second largest province of China, and adjacent to Yunnan and the Himalaya. But only two Nazeris species have been described from this area: N. motuensis Hu, Li & Zhao, 2008 and N. tangi Hu, Li & Zhao, 2008. Both of them were found in eastern Xizang. Three additional species in the insect collection of the Shanghai Normal University are described in this paper.