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Utilizing spin pumping, we present a comparative study of the spin-charge conversion in RuO_{2}(101) and RuO_{2}(110) films. RuO_{2}(101) shows a robust in-plane crystal-axis dependence, whereas RuO_{2}(110) exhibits an isotropic but stronger one. Symmetry-based analysis and first-principles calculations reveal that the spin-charge conversion in RuO_{2}(110) originates from the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) due to nodal lines splitting. In RuO_{2}(101), the ISHE also dominates although the inverse spin splitting effect (ISSE) may coexist. These findings, in sharp contrast to previously attributed ISSE, are further corroborated by the reciprocal relation between the spin pumping and the spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance measurements.
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Objective: To analyze the characteristics of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in the South China region based on pathological tissue biomarkers for regional comparison. Methods: The study population consisted of CRS in-patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from October 2019 to June 2022. Among all the 181 cases, 123 of them were male and 58 were female, with an average age of 40. Retrospectively collected clinical data included demographic information, preoperative symptom scores, preoperative endoscopic images, preoperative paranasal sinus computed tomography scanning images, and inflammatory serological features. In addition, 52 variables of pathological tissue biomarkers including cytokines, chemokines and remodeling factors were collected for analysis. Cluster analysis was performed on the integrated data of training set through centroid-based clustering algorithm, and the inflammatory characteristics, post-operation control status, and airway diseases comorbidity of each endotype were analyzed. R project (version 4.2.2) was used in statistical analysis. Results: Cluster analysis divided 181 patients with CRS into 4 endotypes. Cluster 1 (n=101, 55.80%) showed a locally low inflammatory status. Cluster 2 (n=23, 12.71%) showed a mixed type of inflammation with predominantly neutrophilic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Cluster 3 (n=11, 6.08%) was characterized by type â ¡ inflammation without tissue remodeling. Cluster 4 (n=46, 25.41%) was mainly characterized by type â ¡ inflammation with tissue remodeling, showing higher comorbidity rate of asthma and allergic rhinitis. This cluster presented more severe symptoms, significant olfactory dysfunction, extensive overall inflammation based on objective examination results, a notable increase in total eosinophil count and proportion in peripheral blood, and the highest uncontrolled rate observed one year post-surgery. In comparison to other regions, the endotype classification of CRS in Southern China was characterized by a predominant pattern of locally low inflammatory status, a moderate level of type â ¡ inflammation with tissue remodeling, and a lesser presence of neutrophilic inflammation. Conclusion: CRS distribution in Southern China is mainly characterized by low inflammatory endotype and type â ¡ inflammation with tissue remodeling. The latter shows more severe clinical manifestations and higher uncontrol rate after surgery.
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Biomarcadores , Inflamación , Rinosinusitis , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores/sangre , China/epidemiología , Enfermedad Crónica , Análisis por Conglomerados , Citocinas/sangre , Citocinas/metabolismo , Senos Paranasales/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Rinosinusitis/diagnóstico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Objectives: To develop and validate predictive models for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) using circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) terminal motif analysis. The goal was to improve the non-invasive detection of early-stage ESCC and its precancerous lesions. Methods: Between August 2021 and November 2022, we prospectively collected plasma samples from 448 individuals at the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for cfDNA extraction, library construction, and sequencing. We analyzed 201 cases of ESCC, 46 high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), 46 low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), 176 benign esophageal lesions, and 29 healthy controls. Participants, including ESCC patients and control subjects, were randomly assigned to a training set (n=284) and a validation set (n=122). The training cohort underwent z-score normalization of cfDNA terminal motif matrices and a selection of distinctive features differentiated ESCC cases from controls. The random forest classifier, Motif-1 (M1), was then developed through principal component analysis, ten-fold cross-validation, and recursive feature elimination. M1's efficacy was then validated in the validation and precancerous lesion sets. Subsequently, individuals with precancerous lesions were included in the dataset and participants were randomly allocated to newly formed training (n=243), validation (n=105), and test (n=150) cohorts. Using the same procedure as M1, we trained the Motif-2 (M2) random forest model with the training cohort. The M2 model's accuracy was then confirmed in the validation cohort to establish the optimal threshold and further tested by performing validation in the test cohort. Results: We developed two cfDNA terminal motif-based predictive models for ESCC and associated precancerous conditions. The first model, M1, achieved a sensitivity of 90.0%, a specificity of 77.4%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.884 in the validation cohort. For LGIN, HGIN, and T1aN0 stage ESCC, M1's sensitivities were 76.1%, 80.4%, and 91.2% respectively. Notably, the sensitivity for jointly predicting HGIN and T1aN0 ESCC reached 85.0%. Both the predictive accuracy and sensitivity increased in line with the cancer's progression (Pï¼0.001). The second model, M2, exhibited a sensitivity of 87.5%, a specificity of 77.4%, and an AUC of 0.857 in the test cohort. M2's sensitivities for detecting precancerous lesions and ESCC were 80.0% and 89.7%, respectively, and it showed a combined sensitivity of 89.4% for HGIN and T1aN0 stage ESCC. Conclusions: Two predictive models based on cfDNA terminal motif analysis for ESCC and its precancerous lesions are developed. They both show high sensitivity and specificity in identifying ESCC and its precancerous stages, indicating its potential for early ESCC detection.
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Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago , Lesiones Precancerosas , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/sangre , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/genética , Neoplasias Esofágicas/sangre , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Lesiones Precancerosas/sangre , Lesiones Precancerosas/diagnóstico , Lesiones Precancerosas/genética , Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células/sangre , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/métodos , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Carcinoma in Situ/sangre , Carcinoma in Situ/diagnóstico , Carcinoma in Situ/genética , Carcinoma in Situ/patologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of posterior lumbar interbody fusion combined with Ponte osteotomy in the treatment of patients with degenerative scoliosis. Methods: The medical records and imaging data of degenerative scoliosis in department of orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2013 to 2022 were retrospectively collected, and the shortest follow-up time was 1 year. A total of 38 patients were included, including 13 males and 25 females, aged 50-87(65.6±10.9) years old.The follow-up was12-119(43±20) months. Standing position full spine anteroposterior lateral X-ray examinations were performed on all patients preoperatively, postoperatively, and at latest follow-up. The length of hospital stay, complications, operation time, blood loss, instrumented segment, fusion segmen were recorded. The clinical scores and coronasagittal imaging indicators at three time points were compared. Results: The operation time was (274.5±70.5)min, and intraoperative blood loss was (619.2±93.5)ml. The coronal vertical axis was improved from (2.9±1.8)cm preoperatively to (1.2±1.0)cm postoperatively. The preoperative coronal Cobb angle was 16.6°±9.9° and the immediate postoperative correction was 6.4°±4.0°(t=-6.83, P<0.001). The difference was statistically significant (t=-6.12, P<0.001). The coronal Cobb Angle at the last follow-up was 5.7°±3.7°, and there was no significant orthopaedic loss at the last follow-up (t=-6.12, P<0.001).The sagittal vertical axis decreased from (5.6±3.9)cm preoperatively to (3.2±2.5) cm immediately after operation (t=-6.83,P<0.001), and was well maintained at the last follow-up[(2.7±1.8) cm,t=-7.77,P<0.001]. Lumbar lordosis increased from 21.8°±10.2° preoperatively to 35.8°±8.3° postoperatively(t=12.01, P<0.001)and 40.1°±8.6° at last follow-up(t=-10.21, P<0.001). Oswestry disability score (ODI score), visual analogue score (VAS) low back pain score and VAS leg pain score were also lower after surgery than before surgery (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Posterior lumbar interbody fusion combined with Ponte osteotomy can significantly improve the coronal and sagittal plane deformity and postoperative functional score in adult patients with degenerative scoliosis.
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Escoliosis , Fusión Vertebral , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Escoliosis/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fusión Vertebral/métodos , Vértebras Lumbares/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento , OsteotomíaRESUMEN
Objective: To summarize the characteristics of multisystem deformities in patients with Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) combined with congenital scoliosis (CS). Methods: Within the framework of the "Deciphering Disorders Involving Scoliosis and Comorbidities (DISCO)" research collaboration, a retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with KFS and CS at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between April 2005 and August 2022. Patient data, including imaging examinations and medical records, were collected to summarize the spinal and associated deformities. Results: A total of 82 KFS patients with concurrent CS were included, comprising 42 males and 40 females. The average age was (12.8±8.9) years. Among the KFS patients, there were 31 cases of Type â , 12 cases of Type â ¡, and 39 cases of Type â ¢. The most common location for the major curve of scoliosis was the mid-thoracic segment (42 cases, 51.2%). Hemivertebrae deformities were most frequently observed in the upper thoracic segment (31 cases, 60.8%). There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, major curve Cobb angle, or region of hemivertebrae occurrence among the different types of KFS (all P>0.05). Apart from spinal vertebral deformities, intraspinal deformities had the highest comorbidity rate (33 cases, 40.2%). The subjects were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of intraspinal deformity (absence as group G0, presence as group G1), there was a statistically significant difference in the main Cobb angle [M(Q1, Q3)] between the two groups, which was 45.0° (27.5°, 62.0°) and 60.0° (37.5°, 83.5°), respectively (P=0.044). Additionally, a portion of the patients had concurrent cardiovascular system abnormalities (13 cases, 15.9%), craniofacial-ocular-auricular abnormalities (8 cases, 9.8%), genitourinary system abnormalities (7 cases, 8.5%), and gastrointestinal abnormalities (2 cases, 2.4%). Conclusions: Patients with KFS combined with CS commonly present with a major curve of spinal deformity in the mid-thoracic segment and often have comorbidities involving multiple systems. When combined with intraspinal anomalies, the major curve exhibits a greater degree of curvature.
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Síndrome de Klippel-Feil , Escoliosis , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Síndrome de Klippel-Feil/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Columna Vertebral , Examen FísicoRESUMEN
Objective: To compare the patient-reported outcomes and short-term clinical outcomes between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer. Methods: This single-center prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from October 2020 to August 2022. Patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who were to undergo radical gastrectomy were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to 1â¶1, and received robotic surgery and laparoscopic surgery, respectively. Patient-reported outcomes and short-term clinical outcomes (including postoperative complications, surgical quality and postoperative short-term recovery) were compared between the two groups by t test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated ANOVA, generalized estimating equation, χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. Results: A total of 237 patients were enrolled for modified intention-to-treat analysis (120 patients in the robotic group, 117 patients in the laparoscopic group). There were 180 males and 59 females, aged (63.0±10.2) years (range: 30 to 85 years). The incidence of postoperative complications was similar between the robotic group and laparoscopic group (16.7% (20/120) vs. 15.4% (18/117), χ2=0.072, P=0.788). The robotic group had higher patient-reported outcomes scores in general health status, emotional, and social domains compared to the laparoscopic group, differences in time effect, intervention effect, and interaction effect were statistically significant (general health status: χ2 value were 275.68, 3.91, 6.38, P value were <0.01, 0.048, 0.041; emotional: χ2 value were 77.79, 6.04, 6.15, P value were <0.01, 0.014, 0.046; social: χ2 value were 148.00, 7.57, 5.98, P value were <0.01, 0.006, 0.048). However, the financial burden of the robotic group was higher, the differences in time effect, intervention effect and interaction effect were statistically significant (χ2 value were 156.24, 4.08, 36.56, P value were<0.01, 0.043,<0.01). Conclusion: Compared to the laparoscopic group, the robotic group could more effectively relieve postoperative negative emotions and improve recovery of social function in patients.
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Objective: This study aims to explore the causal relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: The genetic data related to OSA were obtained from the FinnGen Biobank (Ncase=16, 761, Ncontrol=201, 194) in the Genome-wide association study (GWAS). Three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were screened out as instrumental variable (IV) of OSA. The genetic data related to T2D were derived from a large Meta-analysis of GWAS (Ncase=62, 892, Ncontrol=596, 424), 114 SNP were selected as IV of T2D. Multiple MR methods were used for analysis and inverse variance weighted (IVW) was performed as main method. The sensitivity of MR analytic results was analyzed using MR-Egger and other methods, and the IV was evaluated using F-value statistics. Results: MR analysis showed that OSA was significantly associated with increased risk of T2D (OR=2.016, 95%CI: 1.185-3.429, P<0.05). There was no significant relationship between T2D and OSA risk (OR=1.030, 95%CI: 0.980-1.082, P=0.238). There was heterogeneity in both-way results (OSAâT2D, P=1.808×10-11; T2DâOSA, P=1.729×10-7), and no horizontal pleiotropy (OSAâT2D, P=0.477; T2DâOSA, P=0.349). IV of OSA and T2D-selected in the study were strong instrumental variables (F statistics of OSA=20.543; F statistics of T2D=30.117). Conclusion: Our results supported that OSA was a risk factor for T2D, but T2D had no significant impact on the incidence of OSA. Blood glucose monitoring and diabetes screening in OSA patients might be beneficial to the early detection and intervention of T2D.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño , Humanos , Automonitorización de la Glucosa Sanguínea , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Glucemia , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido SimpleRESUMEN
Objective: To examine the association between smoking status and related mortality among elderly people aged 60 and above in urban and rural areas of Beijing City. Methods: Based on Beijing City Elderly Comprehensive Health Cohort Study from 2009 to 2014, a total of 4 499 eligible older adults included in the baseline survey were followed up and investigated to collect information on survival and death. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the dose-response relationship was estimated between the smoking index, the years of quitting and mortality. Results: The median (IQR) age of 4 499 subjects was 70.00 (10.00) years old, including 1 814 (40.32%) males. The proportion of non-smokers, former smokers and current smokers was 69.50% (3 127/4 499), 13.20% (594/4 499) and 17.30% (778/4 499), respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic and sociological characteristics, lifestyle, etc., the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that, compared to non-smokers, former smokers had a 30.6% increased risk of all-cause mortality [HR (95%CI): 1.306 (1.043-1.636)] and the HR (95%CI) of all-cause, malignant tumor and lung cancer mortality among current smokers has increased by 50.0% [HR (95%CI): 1.500 (1.199-1.877)], 80.3% [HR (95%CI): 1.803 (1.226-2.652)] and 212.6% [HR (95%CI): 3.126 (1.626-6.012)], respectively. The smoking index was positively associated with the increased risk of all-cause, malignant tumor and lung cancer mortality, while the years of smoking cessation were negatively associated with that risk (P<0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is associated with tobacco-related mortality among elderly people in Beijing City.
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Neoplasias Pulmonares , Anciano , Masculino , Humanos , Niño , Femenino , Beijing , Estudios de Cohortes , Fumar , Fumar TabacoRESUMEN
Objective: Risk factors related to residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer were analyzed to predict the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, optimize the indications of radical surgical surgery, and avoid excessive additional surgical operations. Methods: Clinical data of 81 patients who received endoscopic treatment for early colorectal cancer in the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2009 to 2019 and received additional radical surgical surgery after endoscopic resection with pathological indication of non-curative resection were collected to analyze the relationship between various factors and the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic resection. Results: Of the 81 patients, 17 (21.0%) were positive for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, while 64 (79.0%) were negative. Among 17 patients with residual cancer or positive lymph node metastasis, 3 patients had only residual cancer (2 patients with positive vertical cutting edge). 11 patients had only lymph node metastasis, and 3 patients had both residual cancer and lymph node metastasis. Lesion location, poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 µm, venous invasion were associated with residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that poorly differentiated cancer (OR=5.513, 95% CI: 1.423, 21.352, P=0.013) was an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer. Conclusions: For early colorectal cancer after endoscopic non-curable resection, residual cancer or lymph node metastasis is associated with poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 µm, venous invasion and the lesions are located in the descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon and cecum with the postoperative mucosal pathology result. For early colorectal cancer, poorly differentiated cancer is an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection, which is suggested that radical surgery should be added after endoscopic treatment.
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Neoplasias Colorrectales , Endoscopía , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Neoplasia Residual , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Invasividad NeoplásicaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of propofol used for painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy on psychomotility recovery. METHODS: One hundred adult patients undergoing painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy were recruited, aged 18-72 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status â -â ¡. According to age, the patients were divided into youth group (20-39 years old, 27 cases), middle age group (40-54 years old, 37 cases), and elder group (55-64 years old, 36 cases). Propofol was continuously infused according to the patients' condition to mantain the bispectal index (BIS) score 55-64. All the patients received psychomotility assesment 30 min before the operations when the discharge criteria were met including number cancellation test, number connection test and board test. The heart rate, blood pressure, saturation of pulse oximetry, electrocardiograph and BIS were monitored during the operation. The operating time, recovery time, total volume of propofol and discharge time were recorded. If the results obtained were inferior to those before operation, a third assessment was taken 30 minutes later until the results recovered or being superior to the baseline levels. RESULTS: All the patients completed the first and second assessments, and 25 patients had taken the third assessment. There was no statistically significant difference in the results of psychomotility assessment when the patients met the discharge standard. Furthermore, the results were analyzed by grouping with age, and there was no statistical difference in the test results of the youth and middle age groups compared with the preoperative group, among which, the efficiency of the number cancellation test was significantly better than that before operation in the youth group (P < 0.05). However, in the elderly patients the number cancellation efficiency, number connection test and board test were significantly inferior to that before operation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of number cancellation compared with that before operation. The patients who needed the third test in the elder group were significantly more than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the preoperative results, there was no statistical difference in the test results of those who completed the third test. CONCLUSION: The psychomotility function of the patients who underwent painless gastroscopy and colonoscopy was recovered when they met discharge criteria. The elderly patients had a prolonged recovery period.
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Propofol , Adulto , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adolescente , Humanos , Adulto Joven , Hipnóticos y Sedantes , Gastroscopía/métodos , Sedación Consciente/métodos , Colonoscopía/métodosRESUMEN
To evaluate the association between serum anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (anti-tTG) titers and the severity of histological damage to the duodenal mucosa and to predict a possible anti-tTG cutoff value for diagnosing celiac disease (CD) and villous atrophy in the domestic population. Clinical and pathological data from 76 adult CD patients with positive anti-tTG titers and duodenal biopsy results who were treated at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from July 2017 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation between anti-tTG titers and the severity of duodenal mucosal damage was statistically assessed to predict the optimal anti-tTG titer cut-off value for diagnosing CD and villous atrophy. Of the 76 patients, 10 had underlying CD, and of the 66 patients with duodenal histopathology, four were Marsh â , six were Marsh â ¡, and 56 were Marsh â ¢a-c grade. In adults with CD, anti-tTG titers were shown to be associated with the severity of histological damage to the duodenal mucosa. When the anti-tTG level was ≥5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing CD were 83.9% and 92.9%, respectively. When the anti-tTG titer was ≥8 times the ULN, the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing villous atrophy were 67.9% and 90.0%, respectively. Anti-tTG levels had a strong predictive value for diagnosing CD in adults when titers exceeded 10 times the ULN. Thus, the anti-tTG cut-off value can be combined with clinical judgment to diagnose CD, limiting the use of invasive endoscopy.
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Enfermedad Celíaca , Adulto , Humanos , Enfermedad Celíaca/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Celíaca/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Duodeno/patología , Atrofia/patología , Autoanticuerpos , Inmunoglobulina AAsunto(s)
Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Talasemia , Toxoplasmosis Cerebral , Niño , HumanosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2020, so as to provide the scientific evidence for formulating the MT-ZVL control strategy. METHODS: The epidemiological data pertaining to MT-ZVL cases in Yangquan City from 2015 to 2020 were collected and descriptively analyzed. A Joinpoint regression model was created to analyze the trend in the MT-ZVL incidence in Yangquan City from 2015 to 2020 using annual percent change (APC). The sandflies surveillance data and the prevalence of Leishmania infections in dogs were collected in Yangquan City in 2020, and the regional distribution of sandflies density and sero-prevalence of Leishmania infections in dogs were calculated. In addition, the associations of sandflies density and sero-prevalence of Leishmania infections in dogs with the incidence of human MT-ZVL were examined using the linear correlation analysis. RESULTS: A total of 162 MT-ZVL cases were reported in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2020, with annual mean incidence of 1.9/105, and there were 4, 7, 16, 27, 33 cases and 75 cases with MT-ZVL reported from 2015 to 2020, appearing a tendency towards a rapid rise (APC = 72.79%, t = 11.10, P < 0.01). MT-ZVL cases were reported across the five counties (districts) of Yangquan City, and the cases predominantly occurred in Jiaoqu District (35.2%, 57/162) and Pingding County (33.3%, 54/162). MT-ZVL cases were predominantly detected in residents at ages of 15 years and older (71.6%, 116/162) and at ages of 0 to 2 years (22.2%, 36/162), with farmers (37.4%, 61/162) and diaspora children (24.5%, 40/162) as predominant occupations. The mean density of Phlebotomus chinensis was 6.3 sandflies per trap per night in Yangquan City from during the period from May to September, 2020, with the highest density observed in Jiaoqu District (12.6 sandflies per trap per night) and the lowest in Yuxian County (1.1 sandflies per trap per night), and there was a region-specific mean density of Ph. chinensis in Yangquan City (H = 17.282, P < 0.01). The sero-prevalence of serum anti-Leishmania antibody was 7.4% (2 996/40 573) in domestic dogs in Yangquan City, with the highest sero-prevalence seen in Jiaoqu District (16.6%, 1 444/8 677), and the lowest in Yuxian County (2.3%, 266/11 501), and there was a region-specific sero-prevalence rate of anti-Leishmania antibody in domestic dogs in Yangquan City (χ2 = 1 753.74, P < 0.01). The sero-prevalence of anti-Leishmania antibody was significantly higher in stray dogs (20.0%, 159/794) than in domestic dogs (χ2 = 176.63, P < 0.01). In addition, there were significant associations among the sandflies density, sero-prevalence of anti-Leishmania antibody in domestic dogs and the incidence of human MT-ZVL (r = 0.832 to 0.870, all P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MT-ZVL appeared a tendency towards a rapid rise in Yangquan City from 2015 to 2020, and systematic interventions are urgently needed for MT-ZVL control.
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Leishmania , Leishmaniasis Visceral , Niño , Humanos , Perros , Animales , Adolescente , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Leishmaniasis Visceral/epidemiología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/veterinaria , Prevalencia , Anticuerpos , AgricultoresRESUMEN
Objective: To analyze the intraocular varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection and genetic characteristics in patients clinically diagnosed with viral anterior uveitis. Methods: A total of 83 aqueous humor samples were collected from patients clinically diagnosed with viral anterior uveitis infection in China from June 2018 to July 2019. The positive samples infected with VZV were screened by real time polymerase chain reaction, and the single nucleotide polymorphisms on the open reading frames 22, 38 and 62 of the positive samples were amplified and analyzed. According to the gene characteristics of the amplified target fragment, the vaccine strain and wild strain (8 vaccine strains and the rest were wild strains) were identified to determine the genotype. Results: There were 83 patients (31 females and 52 males) with viral uveitis infection, whose mean age was 51.0 (45.5, 61.0) (range: 15-83) years,, and, of which 57.8% (48 cases) were infected with viral uveitis over 50 years of age. None of the patients had a history of varicella or herpes zoster vaccination. Of the samples of 83 patients infected with viral uveitis, 57 (68.6%) were positive for VZV. Among them, 14 were successfully amplified to obtain the target fragment gene sequences, all of which were wild strains by analysis, and belonged to Clade2 of genotype, which was the same as the VZV vaccine strain types infected by varicella and herpes zoster patients in China. Conclusion: From 2018 to 2019, VZV infection in Chinese patients with viral anterior uveitis was a wild strain, and the genotype belonged to Clade2 as the vaccine strain, which was the same as the main epidemic genotype of VZV infection in Chinese patients with varicella and herpes zoster.
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Varicela , Herpes Zóster , Uveítis Anterior , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Herpesvirus Humano 3/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Varicela/epidemiología , Herpes Zóster/epidemiología , Enfermedad AgudaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To identify whether naringenin plays a protective role during thoracic aneurysm formation in Marfan syndrome. METHODS: To validate the effect of naringenin, Fbn1C1039G/+ mice, the mouse model of Marfan syndrome, were fed with naringenin, and the disease progress was evaluated. The molecular mechanism of naringenin was further investigated via in vitro studies, such as bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), atomic force microscope and radioligand receptor binding assay. RESULTS: Six-week-old Fbn1C1039G/+ mice were fed with naringenin for 20 weeks. Compared with the control group, naringenin significantly suppressed the aortic expansion [Fbn1C1039G/+ vs. Fbn1C1039G/++naringenin: (2.49±0.47) mm, n=18 vs. (1.87±0.19) mm, n=22, P < 0.05], the degradation of elastin, and the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 in the ascending aorta of Fbn1C1039G/+ mice. Besides, treatment with naringenin for 6 weeks also attenuated the disease progress among the 20-week-old Fbn1C1039G/+ mice with established thoracic aortic aneurysms [Fbn1C1039G/+ vs. Fbn1C1039G/++naringenin: (2.24±0.23) mm, n=8 vs. (1.90±0.17) mm, n=8, P < 0.05]. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, we examined the effects of naringenin on angiotensin â ¡ type 1 receptor (AT1) signaling and transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) signaling respectively, which were the dominant signaling pathways contributing to aortopathy in Marfan syndrome as previously reported. The results showed that naringenin decreased angiotensin â ¡ (Ang â ¡)-induced phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular regulating kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in HEK293A cell overexpressing AT1 receptor. Moreover, naringenin inhibited Ang â ¡-induced calcium mobilization and uclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling. The internalization of AT1 receptor and its binding to ß-arrestin-2 with Ang â ¡ induction were also suppressed by naringenin. As evidenced by atomic force microscope and radioligand receptor binding assay, naringenin inhibited Ang â ¡ binding to AT1 receptor. In terms of TGF-ß signaling, we found that feeding the mice with naringenin decreased the phosphorylation of Smad2 and ERK1/2 as well as the expression of TGF-ß downstream genes. Besides, the serum level of TGF-ß was also decreased by naringenin in the Fbn1C1039G/+ mice. Furthermore, we detected the effect of naringenin on platelet, a rich source of TGF-ß, both in vivo and in vitro. And we found that naringenin markedly decreased the TGF-ß level by inhibiting the activation of platelet. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that naringenin has a protective effect on thoracic aortic aneurysm formation in Marfan syndrome by suppressing both AT1 and TGF-ß signaling.
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Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica , Síndrome de Marfan , Angiotensina II/metabolismo , Animales , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/etiología , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/prevención & control , Calcio/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Elastina/metabolismo , Fibrilina-1/metabolismo , Flavanonas , Síndrome de Marfan/genética , Síndrome de Marfan/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Proteína Quinasa C/metabolismo , Receptor de Angiotensina Tipo 1/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Factores de Crecimiento Transformadores/metabolismo , beta-Arrestinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Objective: To analyze the genomic mutation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) isolated in endogenous activation period and estimate the molecular clock based on the whole genome sequencing data. Methods: Literatures of the whole genome research of endogenous reactivated tuberculosis were retrieved, and the corresponding whole genome sequencing data were downloaded. We extracted the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and strain isolation time of initial treatment and relapse of tuberculosis cases, explored the relationship between the different SNPs and interval between initial treatment and relapse by Poisson regression model, calculated the M. tuberculosis molecular clock, and estimated the mutation rate. Results: When the generation time of M. tuberculosis was 18 hours, the mutation rate in 0-2 years, i.e. short-term endogenous activation, was 6.47×10-10 (95%CI: 5.59×10-10-7.44×10-10), which was significantly higher than that in 2-14 years in long term endogenous activation (3.27×10-10, 95%CI: 2.88×10-10-3.69×10-10). The mutation rates of 0-, 1-, 2-, 3-, 5- and 7-14 years were 7.10×10-10, 6.06×10-10, 4.24×10-10, 5.34×10-10, 2.59×10-10 and 1.26×10-10 respectively. Conclusions: In the period of endogenous reactivation, the mutation rate of M. tuberculosis decreases with the interval time between initial treatment and relapse, which verifies the clinically observed phenomenon that the relapse often occurs within two years after the initial treatment of tuberculosis.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis , Genoma Bacteriano , Humanos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Recurrencia , Tuberculosis/microbiología , Secuenciación Completa del GenomaRESUMEN
Objective: To quantitatively evaluate the association between mild cognitive impairment and all-cause mortality. Methods: The research papers of the association between cognitive impairment and all-cause mortality in the elderly in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Wang Fang data and CNKI published as of August 1, 2021 were comprehensively retrieved. Software R 4.02 was used for Meta-analysis. Results: A total of 9 research papers were included, involving 48 709 patients. The quality of included papers was high. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the association between mild cognitive impairment and the increased risk of all-cause mortality was statistically significant. Compared with the normal cognitive population, the risk of mortality in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment increased by 39% (HR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.18-1.63). Conclusions: The current research evidence showed that mild cognitive impairment assessed by MMSE screening scale can be used as an independent predictor of the increased risk of all-cause mortality in the elderly population in China. However, due to the limitation of the number of included studies and sample size, the conclusions need to be supported by more evidence studies.
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Trastornos del Conocimiento , Disfunción Cognitiva , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Cognición , Disfunción Cognitiva/epidemiología , Humanos , Tamizaje MasivoRESUMEN
This paper analyzed the imaging data of intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) in 5 cases, with 1 male, 4 females, aged 28-61 years. MRI of IPEH revealed well-demarcated masses with central iso-or hypointensity and peripheral hyperintensity on T2-weighted image(T2WI), as well as peripheral enhancement or hyperintensity on T2WI with/without hypointense foci, as well as homogeneous enhancement or heterogeneous enhancement with nonenhanced foci. CT demonstrated iso-or slightly hyperdense, well-circumscribed mass with bone destruction or calcification.
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Calcinosis , Osteólisis , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objective: To compare the short-term and long-term outcomes between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted radical right hemicolectomy in patients with adenocarcinoma of the right colon. Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected database identified 288 right colon cancer patients who underwent either robotic-assisted (n=57) or laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy (n=231) between October 2014 and October 2020 at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. There were 161 males and 127 females, aging (60.3±12.8) years (range: 17 to 86 years). After propensity score matching as 1â¶4 between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy, there were 56 cases in robotic group and 176 cases in laparoscipic group. Perioperative outcomes and overall survival were compared between the two groups using t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test, Fisher exact test, Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test, respectively. Results: The total operative time was similar between the robotic and laparoscopic group ((206.9±60.7) minutes vs. (219.9±56.3) minutes, t=-1.477, P=0.141). Intraoperative bleeding was less in the robotic group (50 (20) ml vs. 50 (50) ml, Z=-4.591, P<0.01), while the number of lymph nodes retrieved was significantly higher (36.0±10.0 vs. 29.0±10.1, t=4.491, P<0.01). Patients in robotic group experienced significantly shorter hospital stay, shorter time to first flatus, and defecation (t: -2.888, -2.946, -2.328, all P<0.05). Moreover, the overall peri-operative complication rate was similar between robotic and laparoscopic group (17.9% vs. 22.7%, χ²=0.596,P=0.465). The 3-year overall survival were 92.9% and 87.9% respectively and the 3-year disease-free survival rates were 83.1% and 82.6% with no statistical significance between the robotic and laparoscopic group (P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared to laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy, robot-assisted right hemicolectomy could improve some short-term clinical outcomes. The two procedures are both achieving comparable survival.