Immunohistochemical Analysis of Dentigerous Cysts and Odontogenic Keratocysts Associated with Impacted Third Molars-A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review investigates the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of immunohistochemical markers in dentigerous cysts (DCs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with impacted third molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive search strategy was employed across major databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, from the inception of the databases to March 2024. Keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms such as "dentigerous cysts", "odontogenic keratocysts", "immunohistochemistry", "Ki-67", and "p53" were used. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed to ensure methodological rigor. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on humans and animals providing definitive diagnoses or specific signs and symptoms related to DCs and OKCs, with results on protein expression derived from immunohistochemistry, immune antibody, proteomics, or protein expression methods. RESULTS: Of the 159 studies initially identified, 138 met the inclusion criteria. Our analysis highlighted significantly higher expressions of Ki-67 (22.1% ± 4.7 vs. 10.5% ± 3.2, p < 0.001), p53 (15.3% ± 3.6 vs. 5.2% ± 1.9, p < 0.001), and Bcl-2 (18.4% ± 3.2 vs. 8.7% ± 2.4, p < 0.001) in OKCs compared to DCs, indicating a higher proliferative index, increased cellular stress, and enhanced anti-apoptotic mechanisms in OKCs. Additionally, PCNA levels were higher in OKCs (25.6% ± 4.5 vs. 12.3% ± 3.1, p < 0.001). Genetic mutations, particularly in the PTCH1 gene, were frequently observed in OKCs, underscoring their aggressive behavior and potential malignancy. CONCLUSIONS: The findings emphasize the significant role of immunohistochemical markers in distinguishing between DCs and OKCs, with elevated levels of Ki-67, p53, Bcl-2, and PCNA in OKCs suggesting a higher potential for growth and recurrence. Genetic insights, including PTCH1 mutations, further support the need for personalized treatment approaches. These markers enhance diagnostic accuracy and inform targeted therapeutic strategies, potentially transforming patient management in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Biodosimetry for dose assessment of partial-body exposure: a methodological improvement

This study has explored the possibility of combining culture times with extending the duration for which Colcemid is present in cell culture in order to obtain better dose estimations following partial-body exposures. Irradiated and unirradiated blood was mixed to simulate a partial-exposure. Dicentric frequencies and resultant dose estimations were compared from 48 and 72 h cultures with Colcemid added at the beginning, after 24 h or for the final 3 h. The frequencies of dicentrics in first division cells increased with the cell culture time, providing better dose estimations. Unwanted excessive contraction of chromosomes caused by prolonged contact with Colcemid was measured and ways to avoid this are discussed. It is suggested that the combination of a lower than usual concentration of this drug combined with its earlier addition and longer culture time may provide metaphases better suited for interpreting partial-body exposures.

Este trabalho avaliou a estimativa da dose de radiação simulando uma exposição parcial do corpo através da irradiação in vitro de amostras de sangue misturadas com amostras não irradiadas. Foi observado que o prolongamento do tempo de cultura permite que a real fração de linfócitos em M1 contendo aberrações cromossômicas seja detectada, propiciando melhores estimativas de dose, sem a necessidade de correções matemáticas.