RESUMEN
We performed secondary analyses of a postdischarge decolonization trial of MRSA carriers that reduced MRSA infection and hospitalization by 30%. Hospitalized MRSA infection was associated with 7.9 days of non-MRSA antibiotics and CDI in 3.9%. Preventing MRSA infection and associated hospitalization may reduce antibiotic use and CDI incidence.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Clostridium , Infección Hospitalaria , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Cuidados Posteriores , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Clostridium/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Clostridium/epidemiología , Infecciones por Clostridium/prevención & control , Infección Hospitalaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Infección Hospitalaria/prevención & control , Humanos , Alta del Paciente , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/epidemiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Pendrin is a transmembrane chloride/anion antiporter that is strongly upregulated in the airways in rhinoviral infection, asthma, cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis. Based on its role in the regulation of airway surface liquid depth, pendrin inhibitors have potential indications for treatment of inflammatory airways diseases. Here, a completely regioselective route to tetrahydro-pyrazolopyridine pendrin inhibitors based on 1,3-diketone and substituted hydrazine condensation was been developed. Structure-activity relationships at the tetrahydropyridyl nitrogen were investigated using a focused library, establishing the privileged nature of N-phenyl ureas and improving inhibitor potency by greater than 2-fold.
Asunto(s)
Pirazoles/farmacología , Piridinas/farmacología , Transportadores de Sulfato/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Ratones , Estructura Molecular , Pirazoles/síntesis química , Piridinas/síntesis química , Ratas Endogámicas F344 , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequeñas/síntesis química , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequeñas/farmacología , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
Reaction options, alkoxide vs hydroxide vs amine addition to the key intermediate (o-nitrosoimine) generated in the Davis-Beirut reaction of an o-nitrobenzylamine substrate, are reported to explain the nucleophilic addition selectivity of this one-pot indazole-forming process. The hydroxide addition/deprotection pathway as well as the fate of the resulting o-nitrosobenzaldehyde were both uncovered with several o-nitrobenzylamine substrates, and design elements required for an efficient double Davis-Beirut reaction, inspired by new mechanistic insights, were defined.
Asunto(s)
Hidróxidos/química , Aminas , Iminas , Indazoles , Estructura MolecularRESUMEN
This paper describes a method for speciation of Hg associated with airborne particulate matter. This method uses a mini-sampler for sample collection and analysis, thermal desorption for separating Hg species, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for identification and quantification of Hg. Coal fly ash spiked with different Hg compounds (e.g. Hg0, HgCl2, HgO, and HgS) was used for qualitative calibration. A standard reference material with a certified value for Hg concentration was used to evaluate the method. When the temperature of the furnace was programmed at a linear rate of increase of 50 degrees min(-1), different Hg compounds could clearly be separated. Three airborne particulate matter samples were collected in parallel in Toronto, ON, Canada and analyzed using this method. Reproducible results were obtained and Hg0, HgCl2, HgO, and HgS species from these samples were detected.
RESUMEN
In this study, a diffusion-type device for generating gaseous mercuric chloride (HgCl(2)) was systematically evaluated and applied to validate the annular denuder method for sampling gaseous HgCl(2) species in a synthetic gas stream. The results show that it takes at least 48 h for the system to reach a steady-state condition after the diffusion cell reaches the temperature set-point and the carrier gas is activated. The primary Hg species from the source was proven to be HgCl(2). In the temperature range from -5.00 to 11.80 degrees C, the Hg emission rates from the source vary from 1.8 to 14.2 pg min(-1). It is shown that, under the experimental conditions examined, KCl-coated annular quartz denuders designed for ambient reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) collection could quantitatively collect HgCl(2). It is also demonstrated that the impactors used to remove coarse airborne particulate matter could lead to a loss of up to one third of the HgCl(2) in the gas stream.