A Case of a Newborn Baby Girl Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Due to Transplacental Viral Transmission.

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious virus and is responsible for the current pandemic. It mainly infects cells of the lower respiratory tract and has been linked to severe respiratory complications. Although multiple routes of transmission have been reported in the literature, there is no definitive evidence for transplacental transmission. We present a case of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 likely due to transplacental transmission. CASE REPORT 31-year-old Hispanic woman in the final week of pregnancy developed mild respiratory symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. She had a history of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and gestational diabetes. Two days later, she gave birth to a baby girl who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on the first day after birth. She was delivered via elective cesarean section adhering to a strict infection control protocol. CONCLUSIONS This report presents a case of a 31-year-old mother with mild symptoms of COVID-19 pneumonia who was positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection and who gave birth to a baby girl who was also positive for SARS-CoV-2. This case supports the possibility of transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

[The integrated management of childhood illness: Haiti's example]. / Prise en charge intégrée des maladies de l'enfant: l'exemple d'Haïti.

Child health in developing countries is a public health priority both at the national and international level. The World Health Organization, UNICEF and other technical partners have developed The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy to reduce child mortality and improve child health and development through a holistic approach. By the end of 2002, 109 countries among which 17 in the region of the Americas and Caribbean had adopted and implemented this strategy,. In this region, Haiti presents the highest mortality rate for under-fives. Every year, more than 138,000 children die of diseases such as malaria, pneumonia, diarrhea, measles and perinatal complications. Malnutrition contributes to a high percentage of these deaths. It is recognised that the mortality due to these diseases can be prevented. To fight this burden, Haiti officially adopted the IMCI strategy in 1997. The objectives of this paper are, after a general overview of the IMCI strategy, to describe Haiti's child health and analyse the achievements of the first steps of implementing the IMCI strategy in Haiti. The methodology used was a standardised literature review and a qualitative survey based on semi-structured interviews of national and local health authorities involved in the implementation of the IMCI strategy in Haiti. Main results show a limited impact of the first and second phase of implementation in the country. The key factors for this have been limited economical and human resources. A unequal distribution of existing resources between the different IMCI strategy components especially community and family practices, has limited adequate coverage. Isolated actions in favour of child health as well as a lack of co-ordinated interventions between the various actors have been among the barriers for an adequate implementation of this strategy. We recognise that the approach used here is not a formal evaluation on the implementation of IMCI in Haiti. Nevertheless, we hope this article will contribute to draw the attention of national and international public health decision-makers on the difficulties of implementing this strategy in Haiti and in this way, improve child health in the country.

Genoma y bioética: una visión holística de cómo vamos hacia el mundo feliz que nos prometen las biociencias / Genome and bioethics: an hollistic vision of the way we march towards the happy world biosciences promise

La idea de la ciudad utópica es casi tan antigua como el pensamiento humano. Ella consiste en una sociedadteóricamente perfecta y transparente donde todo está perfectamente controlado y, en consecuencia, los ciudadanos podrán alcanzar la felicidad. En este artículo pretendemos reflexionar, mediante una perspectiva holística y con ejemplos prácticos como la clonación,células troncales y eugenismo, acerca de la sociedad genética actualmente en ciernes, la que, a pesar de presentarse como una potente herramienta para alcanzar una ciudad utópica, sería hoy imposible por los numerosos riesgos y peligros existentes. Por tanto, creemos importante un análisis sobre la bioética y el progreso, antes de seguir adelante.

O modelo da equivalência de estímulos na análise de distúrbios de ansiedade: os efeitos da história experimental e da qualidade de estímulos em sujeitos ansiosos e não-ansiosos / Equivalent of stimulis's model dor the analysis of anxiety disorder: the effects os experimental history and stimulus characteristics in anxious and nom-anxious subjects

Oito sujeitos, quatro ansiosos e quatro não ansiosos (escolha livre), poderiam no pré-teste formar relações homogêneas (compostas somente por estímulos ameaçadores ou somente estímulos não ameaçadores) e relações mistas (compostas por estímulos ameaçadores e por estímulos não ameaçadores). Para oito outros sujeitos, quatro ansiosos e quatro não ansiosos (escolha forçada), só era possível formar relações mistas. Após treino de relações mistas, no grupo de escolha livre, os não ansiosos, formaram tanto relações mistas quanto homogêas porem os sujeito ansiosos formaram, somente relações homogêneas. O desempenho de todos os sujeitos do grupo de escolha forçada não demonstrou preferência em formar qualquer um dos tipos de relações. Esses dados sugerem que a dificuldade dos sujeitos ansiosos em formar relações mistas se deve a uma preexistência de classes ameaçadoras e não-ameaçadoras. Um contexto anterior de escolhas forçadamente mistas interfere no desempenho dos sujeitos ansiosos e não-ansiosos(AU)