[Localized tracheobronchial amyloidosis, type AA, and its differentiation from the systemic form of amyloidosis in clinical practice]. / Lokalizovaná tracheobronchiálni amyloidóza typu AA a její odliseni od systémové amyloidózy v praxi.

67-year-old patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic pansinusitis suffered from attacks of dyspnea, cough and common cold repeatedly. The chest X-ray was without clear pathology. Because of repeated difficulties, a bronchoscopic examination was made and a diagnosis of amyloidosis was made twice (bronchial biopsy, excision). The patient in our case suffered from a tracheobronchial form of amyloidosis (type AA most probably) together with chronic pansinusitis.

[Spontaneus abortion caused by Listeria monocytogenes--report of three cases]. / Listeria monocytogenes jako prícina spontánního abortu--popis trí prípadu.

This paper describes three cases of spontaneous abortion caused by Listeria monocytogenes which were diagnosed during the outbreak of listeriosis in late 2006. Both clinical and morphological features were highly consistent. The abortion between 19 and 20 weeks of gestation was preceded by high maternal fever. The fetal disease was miliary widespread with involvement of adrenals, liver and lungs in particular. There was always present a pustular rash. Histological examination of the placentas revealed acute chorioamnionitis with massive growth of gram-positive rods in the amnion in all cases. Acute villitis and intervillous microabscesses were additionally noted in one case. The diagnosis in all reported cases was not established until fetal autopsy. The final diagnosis was confirmed by microbiological examination using samples submitted during the autopsy examination.

[Postmortem analysis of the group of patients treated with implantable electronic medical devices--study design]. / Postmortální analýza souboru nemocných lécených implantabilními prístroji--usporádání studie.

The purpose of this article is to present the aim of analysis of the group of patients treated with implantable electronic medical devices and to address pathologists who could possibly like to participate in the project. The number of implantable devices has been growing up--estimated number of annual increase in the number of implanted pacemakers recently has been about 225 000 just in the USA, number of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators is similarly increasing. Number of pacemaker implantations in Czech Republic was 4590 in 1995, in 2001 6025 patients. Number of ICD implantations in Czech Republic in 1995 was 60 patients, in 2004 650 patients. The aetiology of death depends on type of device--in group of patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators it is mostly cardiac death, in group of patients with pacemaker dominate non-cardiac death. Recent data shows assumption of malfunctions in 3-15 %. Post-mortem evaluation of electronic medical devices should be standard praxis.

[Acute oesophageal necrosis]. / Akutní nekróza jícnu.

The case of acute oesophageal necrosis in 56-year-old patient with tumor dissemination is presented. Acute endoscopy was performed after several hours lasting haematemesis and melena. Endoscopy revealed acute oesophageal necrosis in more than 2/3 of the oesophagus. Patient was treated with proton pump blockers and the total parenteral sustenance was introduced. Three days after the hospital admission the patient died in the septical metabolic disorder resulting from a disseminated spinocellular carcinoma of cervix uteri. Autopsy confirmed necrosis of oesophageal mucosa penetrating into the muscularis mucosae. Acute oesophageal necrosis is a rare disease, which is characteristic by the endoscopic finding of "black oesophagus", histological image of mucous membrane necrosis and by unknown aetiology. The article gives an overview of contemporary knowledge on the clinical, endoscopic and histologic images. The finding of "black oesophagus", which has been reported by several endoscopic units, has highly heterogeneous origin and it represents 0.0125 % (Moreto) till 0.28 % (Augusto) of cases. Our department has recorded 2 cases from 24271 of endoscopies performed in the last 8 years.