Raillietia auris (Mesostigmata: Raillietiidae) in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

Parasitic otitis in cattle, caused by mites, has been reported from several continents. The present study aimed to determine the distribution, prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, and range of the agent in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were designed at random, with an acceptable margin of error of 3% and a confidence interval of 99%. A total of 449 animals were sampled immediately after slaughter from 34 different municipalities in the state using the technique of flushing both ear canals. Only Raillietia auris (Leidy, 1872) were found, with a prevalence of 98.6%, mean intensity of 53.78 mites/animal, and a range of 1-323. Impressively, the prevalence found was identical to another survey carried out 39 years ago in the same region. Details about the parasite intensity in different age categories of the animals are presented. The study demonstrates that the prevalence and intensity of infestation by Raillietia auris are high, and in older cattle are higher than young ones.

Raillietia auris (Mesostigmata: Raillietiidae) in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil / Raillietia auris (Mesostigmata: Raillietiidae) em bovinos no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Parasitic otitis in cattle, caused by mites, has been reported from several continents. The present study aimed to determine the distribution, prevalence, intensity, mean intensity, and range of the agent in cattle in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The samples were designed at random, with an acceptable margin of error of 3% and a confidence interval of 99%. A total of 449 animals were sampled immediately after slaughter from 34 different municipalities in the state using the technique of flushing both ear canals. Only Raillietia auris (Leidy, 1872) were found, with a prevalence of 98.6%, mean intensity of 53.78 mites/animal, and a range of 1-323. Impressively, the prevalence found was identical to another survey carried out 39 years ago in the same region. Details about the parasite intensity in different age categories of the animals are presented. The study demonstrates that the prevalence and intensity of infestation by Raillietia auris are high, and in older cattle are higher than young ones.(AU)

As otites parasitárias em bovinos, causadas por ácaros, são reportadas nos vários continentes. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos determinar a distribuição, prevalência, intensidade, intensidade média e amplitude parasitária do agente em bovinos, no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. As amostragens foram delineadas ao acaso, como margem de erro aceitável de 3% e intervalo de confiança de 99%. Foram amostrados 449 animais, imediatamente após o abate, e oriundos de 34 diferentes municípios do Estado, empregando-se a técnica de lavagem de ambos os canais auditivos. Apenas ácaros da espécie Raillietia auris (Leidy, 1872) foram encontrados, com uma prevalência de 98,6%, intensidade parasitária média de 53,78 ácaros/animal e amplitude de 1-323. Curiosamente, a prevalência encontrada é idêntica a outro levantamento realizado há 39 anos na mesma região. São apresentados detalhes sobre a intensidade parasitária em diferentes categorias de idade dos animais. O estudo demonstra que a prevalência e intensidade de infestação por Raillietia auris é alta, e bovinos mais velhos apresentam mais elevadas do que nos jovens.(AU)

Seminoma and sertolioma in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog with unilateral cryptorchidism: short communication / Seminoma e sertolioma em um cão pseudo-hermafrodita masculino e criptorquida unilateral: comunicação científica

A male miniature Schnauzer with cryptorchidism and a mass growth in the right inguinal canal was admitted to the clinical center of a veterinary hospital. During surgical resection of the mass, tubular formations were found, connecting the mass to the left testicle. Histopathology revealed that the tubular formations were uterine tubes and the mass was a seminoma associated with a sertolioma of the right testicle. Further analysis also showed atrophy of the left testicle. Cytogenetic evaluation revealed normal chromosomes of male gender, 78, XY, which led to the conclusion that this was a male pseudohermaphrodite.(AU)

Foi atendido na rotina clínica de um hospital veterinário, um cão, macho, da raça Schnauzer, criptorquida com massa em canal inguinal direito. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico para a retirada da massa, foi encontrada uma formação tubular a qual fazia a ligação entre essa massa e o testículo esquerdo. A análise histopatológica concluiu que a formação tubular tratava-se de tubas uterinas, a massa era o testículo direito com seminoma e sertolioma e o testículo esquerdo apresentava atrofia. A avaliação citogenética revelou cromossomos normais, do sexo masculino, 78, XY concluindo que se tratava de um pseudo-hermafrodita masculino.(AU)

Characterization and Frequency of Histological Changes in Bovine Livers from Slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp.

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological

Characterization and Frequency of Histological Changes in Bovine Livers from Slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp.

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological

Characterization and Frequency of Histological Changes in Bovine Livers from Slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp.

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological

Characterization and Frequency of Histological Changes in Bovine Livers from Slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp.

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological

Characterization and Frequency of Histological Changes in Bovine Livers from Slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp.

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological

Seminoma and sertolioma in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog with unilateral cryptorchidism: short communication / Seminoma e sertolioma em um cão pseudo-hermafrodita masculino e criptorquida unilateral: comunicação científica

A male miniature Schnauzer with cryptorchidism and a mass growth in the right inguinal canal was admitted to the clinical center of a veterinary hospital. During surgical resection of the mass, tubular formations were found, connecting the mass to the left testicle. Histopathology revealed that the tubular formations were uterine tubes and the mass was a seminoma associated with a sertolioma of the right testicle. Further analysis also showed atrophy of the left testicle. Cytogenetic evaluation revealed normal chromosomes of male gender, 78, XY, which led to the conclusion that this was a male pseudohermaphrodite.

Foi atendido na rotina clínica de um hospital veterinário, um cão, macho, da raça Schnauzer, criptorquida com massa em canal inguinal direito. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico para a retirada da massa, foi encontrada uma formação tubular a qual fazia a ligação entre essa massa e o testículo esquerdo. A análise histopatológica concluiu que a formação tubular tratava-se de tubas uterinas, a massa era o testículo direito com seminoma e sertolioma e o testículo esquerdo apresentava atrofia. A avaliação citogenética revelou cromossomos normais, do sexo masculino, 78, XY concluindo que se tratava de um pseudo-hermafrodita masculino.

Characterization and frequency of histological changes in bovine livers from slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp / Caracterização e frequência das alterações histológicas nos fígados de bovinos mantidos em pastagens de Brachiaria spp. provenientes de abatedouros no Brasil

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological [...](AU)

Seminoma and sertolioma in a male pseudohermaphrodite dog with unilateral cryptorchidism: short communication / Seminoma e sertolioma em um cão pseudo-hermafrodita masculino e criptorquida unilateral: comunicação científica

A male miniature Schnauzer with cryptorchidism and a mass growth in the right inguinal canal was admitted to the clinical center of a veterinary hospital. During surgical resection of the mass, tubular formations were found, connecting the mass to the left testicle. Histopathology revealed that the tubular formations were uterine tubes and the mass was a seminoma associated with a sertolioma of the right testicle. Further analysis also showed atrophy of the left testicle. Cytogenetic evaluation revealed normal chromosomes of male gender, 78, XY, which led to the conclusion that this was a male pseudohermaphrodite.

Foi atendido na rotina clínica de um hospital veterinário, um cão, macho, da raça Schnauzer, criptorquida com massa em canal inguinal direito. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico para a retirada da massa, foi encontrada uma formação tubular a qual fazia a ligação entre essa massa e o testículo esquerdo. A análise histopatológica concluiu que a formação tubular tratava-se de tubas uterinas, a massa era o testículo direito com seminoma e sertolioma e o testículo esquerdo apresentava atrofia. A avaliação citogenética revelou cromossomos normais, do sexo masculino, 78, XY concluindo que se tratava de um pseudo-hermafrodita masculino.

Characterization and frequency of histological changes in bovine livers from slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp / Caracterização e frequência das alterações histológicas nos fígados de bovinos mantidos em pastagens de Brachiaria spp. provenientes de abatedouros no Brasil

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological [...]

Characterization and Frequency of Histological Changes in Bovine Livers from Slaughterhouses in Brazil kept on Brachiaria spp

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological

Chronic liver disease in cattle associated with ingestion of Brachiaria spp. / Doença hepática crônica em bovinos associada com ingestão de Brachiaria spp.

ABSTRACT: One hundred and ninety livers condemned due to chronic disease (fibrosis) were evaluated in a bovine slaughterhouse over 12 months. Hepatic lymph nodes were also examined while still attached to livers. The major macroscopic lesion observed in the livers was moderate to severe atrophy of the left lobe associated with compensatory hypertrophy of the right lobe. Histologically, the main changes corresponded to sites of macroscopic lesions, and fibrosis was observed in all livers, along with bile duct hyperplasia and neovascularization. Masson's trichrome stain highlighted the fibrous connective tissue. Most of the livers analyzed had macrophages with foamy cytoplasm and a peripheral nucleus that infiltrated fibrotic areas. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for macrophages with monoclonal antibody clone MAC 387 revealed that the cytoplasm of the foamy macrophages of the liver and of the hepatic lymph nodes were positively immunostained. These cells are frequently associated to the consumption of grasses of the genus Brachiaria. Although the liver gross lesions described in this study have not been previously reported in animals consuming Brachiaria , the associated changes observed histologically, such as fibrosis and infiltration of foamy macrophages, showed a new form of chronic liver disease probably associated with the consumption of this forage. The IHC technique was important to prove that the foam cells observed are macrophages.

RESUMO: Cento e noventa e dois fígados condenados devido à doença crônica (fibrose) foram avaliados em um abatedouro de bovinos durante 12 meses. Os linfonodos hepáticos, quando ainda estavam ligados aos fígados, também foram examinados. A principal lesão macroscópica observada no fígado foi moderada a acentuada atrofia do lobo esquerdo associada à hipertrofia compensatória do lobo direito. Histologicamente, as principais alterações correspondiam aos locais das lesões macroscópicas, e fibrose foi observada em todos os fígados, juntamente com a hiperplasia de ductos biliares e neovascularização. A coloração de Tricrômico de Masson destacou o tecido conjuntivo fibroso. A maioria dos fígados analisados apresentavam macrófagos com citoplasma espumoso e um núcleo periférico que infiltravam as áreas de fibrose. A imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) para macrófagos realizada com o anticorpo monoclonl clone MAC 387 revelou imunomarcação positiva no citoplasma dos macrófagos espumosos do fígado e dos linfonodos hepáticos. Essas células estão frequentemente associadas ao consumo de gramíneas do gênero Brachiaria . Apesar das lesões hepáticas macroscópicas descritas neste trabalho não terem sido previamente relatadas em animais que consomem Brachiaria , as alterações histológicas associadas, como fibrose e infiltração de macrófagos espumosos, mostram uma nova forma crônica de doença hepática provavelmente associada à ingestão desta forragem. A técnica de IHQ foi importante para provar que as células espumosas observadas são macrófagos.

Chronic liver disease in cattle associated with ingestion of Brachiaria spp / Doença hepática crônica em bovinos associada com ingestão de Brachiaria spp

One hundred and ninety livers condemned due to chronic disease (fibrosis) were evaluated in a bovine slaughterhouse over 12 months. Hepatic lymph nodes were also examined while still attached to livers. The major macroscopic lesion observed in the livers was moderate to severe atrophy of the left lobe associated with compensatory hypertrophy of the right lobe. Histologically, the main changes corresponded to sites of macroscopic lesions, and fibrosis was observed in all livers, along with bile duct hyperplasia and neovascularization. Masson's trichrome stain highlighted the fibrous connective tissue. Most of the livers analyzed had macrophages with foamy cytoplasm and a peripheral nucleus that infiltrated fibrotic areas. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for macrophages with monoclonal antibody clone MAC 387 revealed that the cytoplasm of the foamy macrophages of the liver and of the hepatic lymph nodes were positively immunostained. These cells are frequently associated to the consumption of grasses of the genus Brachiaria. Although the liver gross lesions described in this study have not been previously reported in animals consuming Brachiaria , the associated changes observed histologically, such as fibrosis and infiltration of foamy macrophages, showed a new form of chronic liver disease probably associated with the consumption of this forage. The IHC technique was important to prove that the foam cells observed are macrophages.(AU)

Cento e noventa e dois fígados condenados devido à doença crônica (fibrose) foram avaliados em um abatedouro de bovinos durante 12 meses. Os linfonodos hepáticos, quando ainda estavam ligados aos fígados, também foram examinados. A principal lesão macroscópica observada no fígado foi moderada a acentuada atrofia do lobo esquerdo associada à hipertrofia compensatória do lobo direito. Histologicamente, as principais alterações correspondiam aos locais das lesões macroscópicas, e fibrose foi observada em todos os fígados, juntamente com a hiperplasia de ductos biliares e neovascularização. A coloração de Tricrômico de Masson destacou o tecido conjuntivo fibroso. A maioria dos fígados analisados apresentavam macrófagos com citoplasma espumoso e um núcleo periférico que infiltravam as áreas de fibrose. A imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) para macrófagos realizada com o anticorpo monoclonl clone MAC 387 revelou imunomarcação positiva no citoplasma dos macrófagos espumosos do fígado e dos linfonodos hepáticos. Essas células estão frequentemente associadas ao consumo de gramíneas do gênero Brachiaria . Apesar das lesões hepáticas macroscópicas descritas neste trabalho não terem sido previamente relatadas em animais que consomem Brachiaria , as alterações histológicas associadas, como fibrose e infiltração de macrófagos espumosos, mostram uma nova forma crônica de doença hepática provavelmente associada à ingestão desta forragem. A técnica de IHQ foi importante para provar que as células espumosas observadas são macrófagos.(AU)

Perdas econômicas pela condenação em matadouro frigorífico de fígados de bovino por fibrose causada por ingestão de Braquiaria spp / Economic losses through condemnation of bovine livers in abattoirs due to fibrosis induced by Brachiaria ingestion

A ingestão crônica de braquiária induz lesões hepáticas em bovinos caracterizadas por fibrose, atrofia do lobo esquerdo, hipertrofia compensatória do lobo direito e proliferação de ductos biliares. Tipicamente, essas lesões são associadas com agregados de macrófagos espumosos no parênquima hepático. Nesse trabalho foram estudados fígados com essas lesões num abatedouro frigorífico do Brasil Central e as perdas econômicas causadas pela condenação de tais fígados afetados foram estimadas. Durante o período estudado, 488.476 bovinos foram abatidos nesse matadouro frigorífico, dos quais 5.295 fígados foram condenados devido à fibrose, e 192 com lesão hepática foram estudados. Cálculos econômicos permitiram inferir que essas condenações representaram uma perda de R$ 108.817,60. Conclui-se que a condenação de fígados em razão de fibrose induzida pela ingestão de braquiária causa uma perda significativa para a indústria de carne e produtos bovinos devido à condenação de 23,6 toneladas de fígado em um ano em apenas um frigorífico, com perdas estimadas acima de R$ 100.000,00.

Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle causes in the liver fibrosis, atrophy of left lobe, compensatory hypertrophy of the right lobe, and bile duct proliferation. Typically, these lesions are associated with accumulation in the hepatic parenchyma of cluster with foamy macrophages. This study surveyed bovine livers with those lesions in a slaughterhouse in Central Brazil and estimated the economic losses caused by condemnation of such affected livers. During the study period, 488,476 cattle were slaughter in this particular abattoir. From 5,295 livers condemned due to fibrosis, 192 with lesions were sampled and studied. Economic calculations permitted to infer that the condemnations represented a loss of R$ 108,817.60. It is concluded that the condemnation of livers due to brachiaria-induced fibrosis causes significant economic losses for the meat industry due to condemnation of 23.6 tons of beef liver with an estimate annual loss of more than R$ 100,000.00 in a single slaughterhouse.

Perdas econômicas pela condenação em matadouro frigorífico de fígados de bovino por fibrose causada por ingestão de Braquiaria spp / Economic losses through condemnation of bovine livers in abattoirs due to fibrosis induced by Brachiaria ingestion

A ingestão crônica de braquiária induz lesões hepáticas em bovinos caracterizadas por fibrose, atrofia do lobo esquerdo, hipertrofia compensatória do lobo direito e proliferação de ductos biliares. Tipicamente, essas lesões são associadas com agregados de macrófagos espumosos no parênquima hepático. Nesse trabalho foram estudados fígados com essas lesões num abatedouro frigorífico do Brasil Central e as perdas econômicas causadas pela condenação de tais fígados afetados foram estimadas. Durante o período estudado, 488.476 bovinos foram abatidos nesse matadouro frigorífico, dos quais 5.295 fígados foram condenados devido à fibrose, e 192 com lesão hepática foram estudados. Cálculos econômicos permitiram inferir que essas condenações representaram uma perda de R$ 108.817,60. Conclui-se que a condenação de fígados em razão de fibrose induzida pela ingestão de braquiária causa uma perda significativa para a indústria de carne e produtos bovinos devido à condenação de 23,6 toneladas de fígado em um ano em apenas um frigorífico, com perdas estimadas acima de R$ 100.000,00.(AU)

Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle causes in the liver fibrosis, atrophy of left lobe, compensatory hypertrophy of the right lobe, and bile duct proliferation. Typically, these lesions are associated with accumulation in the hepatic parenchyma of cluster with foamy macrophages. This study surveyed bovine livers with those lesions in a slaughterhouse in Central Brazil and estimated the economic losses caused by condemnation of such affected livers. During the study period, 488,476 cattle were slaughter in this particular abattoir. From 5,295 livers condemned due to fibrosis, 192 with lesions were sampled and studied. Economic calculations permitted to infer that the condemnations represented a loss of R$ 108,817.60. It is concluded that the condemnation of livers due to brachiaria-induced fibrosis causes significant economic losses for the meat industry due to condemnation of 23.6 tons of beef liver with an estimate annual loss of more than R$ 100,000.00 in a single slaughterhouse.(AU)

Freqüência de anticorpos homólogos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi em eqüinos na mesorregião metropolitana de Belém, Estado do Pará / Occurrence of homologous anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in equines in the metropolitan mesorregion of Belém, State of Para, Brazil

Espiroquetas transmitidas por carrapatos são microrganismos de ampla distribuição geográfica e acometem animais silvestres, domésticos e seres humanos. Procedeu-se a análise sorológica de 300 soros de eqüinos onde 58 animais eram do município Ananideua, 61 eram de Belém, 131 de Castanhal e 50 eram do município de Santa Izabel do Pará para Borrelia burgdorferi através do teste ELISA indireto. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) entre os municípios, nem quanto à raça, sexo e função dos animais. Um total de 80 (26,7 por cento) animais foram positivos para B. burgdorferi com os títulos de 1:800, 72 (90 por cento) eqüinos; 1:1.600, 6 (7,5 por cento) eqüinos; e 1:3.200, 2 (2,5 por cento) eqüinos. Os resultados observados foram similares aos descritos nos EUA, onde foram relatadas freqüências de soropositivos variando entre 7 e 75 por cento em eqüinos assintomáticos. A presença de anticorpos homólogos contra B. burgdorferi em eqüinos na mesorregião metropolitana de Belém é indicativo da ampla distribuição do agente e da possibilidade de ocorrerem casos humanos deste agente na região.

Spirochaetes transmitted by ticks are microorganisms of worldwide distribution, which infect wild, domestic animals and human beings. A total of 300 equine sera from four municipalities: Ananideua (58), Belém (61), Castanhal (131), and Santa Izabel do Pará (50), were evaluated for Borrelia burgdorferi by an Elisa test. There were no significant differences (P<0.05) among municipalities, breed, sex or husbandry. A total of 80 (26.7 percent) horses were B. burgdorferi positive with titles of 1:800, 72 (90 percent) horses, 1:1.600, 6 (7.5 percent) horses, and 1:3.200, 2 (2.5 percent) horses. The results were similar to those in the USA, where related frequencies ranged from 7 to 75 percent in asymptomatic seropositive horses. The presence of anti-B.burgdorferi homologous antibodies in horses from four municipalities in the metropolitan mesorregion of Belém suggests the possibility of occurrence of human cases in the region.

Freqüência de anticorpos homólogos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi em eqüinos na mesorregião metropolitana de Belém, Estado do Pará / Occurrence of homologous anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in equines in the metropolitan mesorregion of Belém, State of Para, Brazil

Espiroquetas transmitidas por carrapatos são microrganismos de ampla distribuição geográfica e acometem animais silvestres, domésticos e seres humanos. Procedeu-se a análise sorológica de 300 soros de eqüinos onde 58 animais eram do município Ananideua, 61 eram de Belém, 131 de Castanhal e 50 eram do município de Santa Izabel do Pará para Borrelia burgdorferi através do teste ELISA indireto. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P < 0,05) entre os municípios, nem quanto à raça, sexo e função dos animais. Um total de 80 (26,7 por cento) animais foram positivos para B. burgdorferi com os títulos de 1:800, 72 (90 por cento) eqüinos; 1:1.600, 6 (7,5 por cento) eqüinos; e 1:3.200, 2 (2,5 por cento) eqüinos. Os resultados observados foram similares aos descritos nos EUA, onde foram relatadas freqüências de soropositivos variando entre 7 e 75 por cento em eqüinos assintomáticos. A presença de anticorpos homólogos contra B. burgdorferi em eqüinos na mesorregião metropolitana de Belém é indicativo da ampla distribuição do agente e da possibilidade de ocorrerem casos humanos deste agente na região.(AU)

Spirochaetes transmitted by ticks are microorganisms of worldwide distribution, which infect wild, domestic animals and human beings. A total of 300 equine sera from four municipalities: Ananideua (58), Belém (61), Castanhal (131), and Santa Izabel do Pará (50), were evaluated for Borrelia burgdorferi by an Elisa test. There were no significant differences (P<0.05) among municipalities, breed, sex or husbandry. A total of 80 (26.7 percent) horses were B. burgdorferi positive with titles of 1:800, 72 (90 percent) horses, 1:1.600, 6 (7.5 percent) horses, and 1:3.200, 2 (2.5 percent) horses. The results were similar to those in the USA, where related frequencies ranged from 7 to 75 percent in asymptomatic seropositive horses. The presence of anti-B.burgdorferi homologous antibodies in horses from four municipalities in the metropolitan mesorregion of Belém suggests the possibility of occurrence of human cases in the region.(AU)

Comparação genotípica de isolados de Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis de caprinos e ovinos do sertão de Pernambuco / Genotypic comparison between Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis samples obtained from sheep and goats with caseous lymphadenitis, raised in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco

Objetivou-se com este estudo comparar genotipicamente 35 isolados de Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis recuperados de conteúdo de abscessos de caprinos e ovinos com linfadenite caseosa, procedentes de cinco municípios localizados no Sertão de Pernambuco, Brasil. Utilizou-se a técnica de fingerprint RFLP-PCR com as enzimas de restrição Hpy-Ch4 e Msp1 aplicada ao gene rpoB e as enzimas Pst I e Msp I para o gene pld. Não houve diferença nos padrões de fragmentos de bandas entre os isolados, independente da espécie hospedeira ou da área geográfica estudada, definindo-se um padrão genotípico homogêneo de C. pseudotuberculosis responsável por abscessos superficiais na região.(AU)

The objective was to genotypically compare 35 samples of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis obtained from abscesses of sheep and goats diagnosed with caseous lymphadenitis originated from 5 different municipalities in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The RFLP-PCR technique with Hpy-Ch4 and Msp I and Pst I Msp I restriction enzimes was used to fingerprint the genes rpoB and pld, respectively. The results demonstrate that there was no difference on the fragments banding pattern among samples, independently of the host species or geographic area studied, defining a homogeneous profile of C. pseudotuberculosis responsible for superficial abscesses for the region.(AU)