[Gender and night work: sleep, daily life and the experiences of night shift workers]. / Gênero e trabalho noturno: sono, cotidiano e vivências de quem troca a noite pelo dia.

This paper deals with the impact of night work from a gender perspective, through a field study at a factory employing men and women on the night shift. It is based on data for hours of sleep over the course of several weeks, socio-demographic data, and job information, using a semi-structured interview. The methodology includes chronobiological aspects of sleep (mainly quantitative data) and workers' discourse concerning gender-related experiences in the day-to-night switch. Despite gender issues and differences in daily life, the switch is perceived quite vividly by both men and women, permeating several aspects of life, like health, leisure, studies, and intimate personal relations. Quantitative sleep analysis showed more severe effects of night work on women, especially those with children. Such sleep patterns were associated with different expectations among men and women, revealing gender issues that are essential for understanding the reality of individuals who work odd hours.

Oxygen consumption of rats with broad intestinal resection.

The study was performed to investigate possible alterations in oxygen consumption in an animal model with broad intestinal resection. Oxygen consumption and the thermal effect of a short meal were measured in rats subjected to short bowel syndrome. Four groups of rats were used. Group I was the control group, group II was sham operated, group III was submitted to 80% jejunum-ileum resection, and group IV was submitted to 80% jejunum-ileum resection with colon interposition. Ninety days after surgery, oxygen consumption was measured over a period of 6 h with the animals fasted overnight. The thermal effect of feeding was determined in another session of oxygen consumption measurement in animals fasted for 12 h. A 12-kcal meal was then introduced into the animal chamber and oxygen consumption was measured for a further 4 h. No differences in fasting oxygen consumption or in the thermal effect of the meal were detected among the groups studied. It is concluded that short bowel syndrome does not affect the overall energy expenditure of rats.

Oxygen consumption of rats with broad intestinal resection

The study was performed to investigate possible alterations in oxygen consumption in an animal model with broad intestinal resection. Oxygen consumption and the thermal effect of a short meal were measured in rats subjected to short bowel syndrome. Four groups of rats were used. Group I was the control group, group II was sham operated, group III was submitted to 80 percent jejunum-ileum resection, and group IV was submitted to 80 percent jejunum-ileum resection with colon interposition. Ninety days after surgery, oxygen consumption was measured over a period of 6 h with the animals fasted overnight. The thermal effect of feeding was determined in another session of oxygen consumption measurement in animals fasted for 12 h. A 12-kcal meal was then introduced into the animal chamber and oxygen consumption was measured for a further 4 h. No differences in fasting oxygen consumption or in the thermal effect of the meal were detected among the groups studied. It is concluded that short bowel syndrome does not affect the overall energy expenditure of rats

Video-endoscopic dissection of multiple pedicled arterial grafts for use in minimally invasive coronary artery bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the possibility of video-endoscopic dissection of both internal thoracic arteries (rTAs) through the left thoracic approach and right gastroepiploic artery (GEA) via a small laparoscopic access, for use in minimally invasive coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS: The procedure was performed on twenty-two mongrel dogs. Three 10 mm ports were inserted in the left hemithorax to enable the introduction of a rigid 0-degree videoscope and forceps which allowed access to the left and right ITAs. For dissection of the GEA, one 10 mm and two 5 mm ports were inserted in the para-umbilical region. RESULTS: The left and right ITAs and the GEA were easily visualized and dissection and complete mobilization was achieved without injury, which was checked by the presence of good blood flow. The ITAs and GEA were divided distally, exteriorized through a small left anterior thoracotomy and the length of these three grafts were able to reach all of the left coronary artery branches. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated, in dogs, the feasibility of video-assisted dissection of both the left and right ITAs through the left thoracic approach, without sternotomy, avoiding the risks of sternal complications and expanding its use for all patients. Furthermore, a third arterial conduit (the RGA) can be used without requiring laparotomy.

Análise quantitativa da lidocaína e da bupivacaína de diversos laboratórios / Quantitative analysis of lidocaine and bupivacaine from several laboratories

Las quejas frecuentes de fallas de bloqueos anestésicos con relación a su instalación, distribuición y duración de acción, llevó a los autores a conseguir el análisis cuantitativa de la lidocaina y de la bupivacaina procedentes de varios laboratorios. Los resultados de las dosajes cuantitativas de siete muestras diferentes, provaron que todos los anestésicos examinados estaban adentro de los requisitos minimos acceptados, excluyendo la calidad del producto como causa de las fallas