Anti-Leishmania spp. antibody detection in domestic cats from a visceral leishmaniasis transmission area.

Feline leishmanial infection is reported worldwide, but the epidemiological role of domestic cats in the leishmaniasis cycle remains unclear, and cats might act as cryptic reservoir hosts in endemic areas with no feline leishmaniosis cases. Considering that, a serological screening for anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies was performed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) in 389 necropsied cats' serum samples from a new visceral leishmaniasis transmission area with no feline leishmanial infection reported to unveil if the cats are being exposed to the parasite. The overall seroprevalence for Leishmania spp. was 11.05% (43/389). No association was found between sex, neutering status, age group, breed, coat length, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection, and Leishmania spp. antibody detection. A positive association was found with coat color (cats within the orange spectrum with white [particolor]) (OR = 2.47, CI 95% 1 - 6.13, P = 0.044) and a negative association (OR = 0.38, CI 95% 0.18 - 0.79, P = 0.01) between feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection and IFAT positivity for Leishmania spp. Therefore, it is concluded that the seroprevalence found was greater than 10%, indicating contact of the protozoan with cats in the region served.

Dynamics of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs from an unaffected region in transition to a visceral leishmaniasis transmission area, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

In Brazil, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been expanding and urbanizing, mainly in non-endemic areas such as the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Considering that infected dogs are the main reservoirs of VL in urban areas, the present study aimed to evaluate the propagation of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) infection from an unaffected region in transition to a VL transmission area. For this, 1159 and 1087 samples of canine serum from 2015 and 2021, respectively, were analyzed, using the indirect immunofluorescence test. In addition, necropsy reports between 2007 and 2021 were evaluated. The results showed a prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies of 7.5% in the samples from 2015, while in 2021 samples, it was 23.5%, with an incidence of 0.4 cases per 100 dogs. It is noteworthy that in 2007, there was no record of CVL as the cause of death in the pathological reports, and in 2021, 41 diagnoses were made with the protozoan being a determinant of the death of the animal. These values indicate an increasing trend in the prevalence and incidence coefficients of CVL. The results of this study allowed us to verify the spread of the disease from an unaffected region to a transmission area of the agent, as well as provide subsidies for health authorities to implement improvements in the CVL control program in the municipality, to mitigate the emergence of human cases of the disease.

Morphological characterization of blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) seasonal testicular variations in captivity.

The reproduction of monogamous wild birds in captivity it`s difficult and the apparent low fertility in males requires more investigations. The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that wild bird species in captivity would present low reproductive potential, through the analysis of the morphological characteristics of Ara ararauna testicles, maintained in captivity, correlating them with the climate variations in the Cerrado Biome. For that, testicles were captured in April (dry) and October (rainy). The right and left testicles showed mean weight, gonadosomatic index, longer axis, and volume similar between the dry and rainy season. Only the shorter axis demonstrated higher values during the rainy season. The morphometric variables of the seminiferous tubules have also higher values during the rainy season. By these histological and morphometric characteristics of the seminiferous epithelium we can conclude that, during the rainy season, the testicles were in gonadal recrudescence, which precedes the reproduction phase. During the dry season, the testicles were in the rest phase of the seminiferous epithelium. Therefore, we concluded that the species in captivity, under Cerrado environmental conditions, have kept their reproductive potential, presenting a complete spermatogenic cycle during the rainy season, which can guarantee the species perpetuation.

Intracranial epidermoid cyst in a cat / Cisto epidermoide intracraniano em um gato

Epidermoid cysts, also known as epidermal and keratin cysts, or congenital cholesteatomas are benign congenital non-neoplastic tumors, rarely observed in the brain of humans and some animal species (dogs, horses, mice, and rats). Histologically, they are composed of laminated, concentrically arranged keratin surrounded by a thin layer of stratified squamous epithelium. We describe a case of intracranial epidermoid cyst in a 6-year-old mixed-breed male cat in southern Brazil. The patient presented central vestibular syndrome. Given the poor prognosis and the fact that it belonged to a shelter with many dogs and cats, the owner requested euthanasia, and a thorough post-mortem examination was conducted immediately after death. The definitive diagnosis was based on histopathological findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an intracranial epidermoid cyst in a cat.(AU)

Cisto epidermoide, também denominado cisto epidermal, cisto de queratina ou colesteatoma congênito é um tumor não neoplásico, benigno e congênito raramente encontrado no encéfalo de humanos e de algumas poucas espécies animais (cães, equinos, camundongos e ratos). Histologicamente, esse tumor é composto por queratina laminada concentricamente arranjada e circundada por uma fina parede de epitélio escamoso estratificado. Descreve-se um caso de cisto epidermoide intracraniano em um gato, macho, sem raça definida, de seis anos de idade, no sul do Brasil. O paciente foi encaminhado para atendimento veterinário por apresentar sinais de síndrome vestibular central. Devido ao mau prognóstico e por pertencer a um abrigo com muitos cães e gatos, o proprietário optou pela eutanásia e o paciente foi encaminhado para a realização de necropsia. O diagnóstico definitivo foi baseado nos achados histopatológicos. Pelo conhecimento dos autores, este é o primeiro relato de um cisto epidermoide intracraniano em um gato.(AU)

Intracranial epidermoid cyst in a cat / Cisto epidermoide intracraniano em um gato

ABSTRACT: Epidermoid cysts, also known as epidermal and keratin cysts, or congenital cholesteatomas are benign congenital non-neoplastic tumors, rarely observed in the brain of humans and some animal species (dogs, horses, mice, and rats). Histologically, they are composed of laminated, concentrically arranged keratin surrounded by a thin layer of stratified squamous epithelium. We describe a case of intracranial epidermoid cyst in a 6-year-old mixed-breed male cat in southern Brazil. The patient presented central vestibular syndrome. Given the poor prognosis and the fact that it belonged to a shelter with many dogs and cats, the owner requested euthanasia, and a thorough post-mortem examination was conducted immediately after death. The definitive diagnosis was based on histopathological findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an intracranial epidermoid cyst in a cat.

RESUMO: Cisto epidermoide, também denominado cisto epidermal, cisto de queratina ou colesteatoma congênito é um tumor não neoplásico, benigno e congênito raramente encontrado no encéfalo de humanos e de algumas poucas espécies animais (cães, equinos, camundongos e ratos). Histologicamente, esse tumor é composto por queratina laminada concentricamente arranjada e circundada por uma fina parede de epitélio escamoso estratificado. Descreve-se um caso de cisto epidermoide intracraniano em um gato, macho, sem raça definida, de seis anos de idade, no sul do Brasil. O paciente foi encaminhado para atendimento veterinário por apresentar sinais de síndrome vestibular central. Devido ao mau prognóstico e por pertencer a um abrigo com muitos cães e gatos, o proprietário optou pela eutanásia e o paciente foi encaminhado para a realização de necropsia. O diagnóstico definitivo foi baseado nos achados histopatológicos. Pelo conhecimento dos autores, este é o primeiro relato de um cisto epidermoide intracraniano em um gato.

Periodontal disease and its complications in cats from a shelter in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul / Doença periodontal e suas complicações em gatos de um abrigo na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

Periodontal disease is the most common infectious disease that occurs in feline patients. Although it occurs in both sexes, different age groups, and any breeds, the prevalence and severity seem much higher in cats living in animal shelters. This paper aimed to describe the clinical, radiological, cytopathological, and virological aspects of periodontal disease and its complications in cats, based on these aspects and, consequently, on the importance it brings to cat feline medicine in shelter cats. For this, nine cats with periodontal disease from a single animal shelter were evaluated. These cats demonstrated a disease characterized by halitosis, excessive salivation, and oral discomfort. Lymphadenomegaly of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes was observed in 44.4% of the cases. Oral lesions consisted of varying degrees of gingival hyperemia, complete loss of free gingival margins, and consequently gingival retraction, dental calculus deposition, dental mobility, complete exposure of the furcation of premolars and molars, and dental roots of canines and incisors, loss of bone radiopacity due to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Complications included chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (22.2%), faucitis (22.2%), and chronic gingivostomatitis (11.1%). None of the cats affected by periodontal disease was positive for FIV or FeLV. In 33.3% of the cases, cats were carriers of feline calicivirus, but not feline herpesvirus.(AU)

Doença periodontal é a mais comum doença infecciosa que ocorre em pacientes felinos. Embora ocorra em gatos de ambos os sexos, diferentes faixas etárias e quaisquer raças, a prevalência e a gravidade parece muito maior em gatos que vivem em abrigos para animais. Baseado nesses aspectos e, consequentemente, na importância que ela traz para a medicina felina de gatos de abrigos, o objetivo desse artigo é descrever os aspectos clínicos, radiológicos, citopatológicos e virológicos da doença periodontal e suas complicações em gatos. Para isso, nove gatos com doença periodontal oriundos de um único abrigo de animais foram avaliados. Esses gatos demonstraram uma doença caracterizada por halitose, salivação excessiva e desconforto oral. Linfadenomegalia dos linfonodos mandibulares e retrofaríngeos foi observada em 44,4% dos casos. As lesões orais consistiam de graus variados de hiperemia gengival, perda completa das margens gengivais livres e, consequentemente, retração gengival, deposição de cálculo dental, mobilidade dentária, exposição completa da furca dos pré-molares e molares e das raízes dentárias dos caninos e incisivos, perda de radiopacidade óssea devido à reabsorção de osso alveolar e perda dentária. Complicações incluíram estomatite paradental ulcerativa crônica (22,2%), faucite (22,2%) e gengivoestomatite crônica (11,1%). Nenhum dos gatos afetados pela doença periodontal foi positivo para FIV ou FeLV. Em 33,3% dos casos, os gatos eram portadores do calicivírus felino, mas não do herpesvírus felino.(AU)

Periodontal disease and its complications in cats from a shelter in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul / Doença periodontal e suas complicações em gatos de um abrigo na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

Periodontal disease is the most common infectious disease that occurs in feline patients. Although it occurs in both sexes, different age groups, and any breeds, the prevalence and severity seem much higher in cats living in animal shelters. This paper aimed to describe the clinical, radiological, cytopathological, and virological aspects of periodontal disease and its complications in cats, based on these aspects and, consequently, on the importance it brings to cat feline medicine in shelter cats. For this, nine cats with periodontal disease from a single animal shelter were evaluated. These cats demonstrated a disease characterized by halitosis, excessive salivation, and oral discomfort. Lymphadenomegaly of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes was observed in 44.4% of the cases. Oral lesions consisted of varying degrees of gingival hyperemia, complete loss of free gingival margins, and consequently gingival retraction, dental calculus deposition, dental mobility, complete exposure of the furcation of premolars and molars, and dental roots of canines and incisors, loss of bone radiopacity due to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Complications included chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (22.2%), faucitis (22.2%), and chronic gingivostomatitis (11.1%). None of the cats affected by periodontal disease was positive for FIV or FeLV. In 33.3% of the cases, cats were carriers of feline calicivirus, but not feline herpesvirus.(AU)

Doença periodontal é a mais comum doença infecciosa que ocorre em pacientes felinos. Embora ocorra em gatos de ambos os sexos, diferentes faixas etárias e quaisquer raças, a prevalência e a gravidade parece muito maior em gatos que vivem em abrigos para animais. Baseado nesses aspectos e, consequentemente, na importância que ela traz para a medicina felina de gatos de abrigos, o objetivo desse artigo é descrever os aspectos clínicos, radiológicos, citopatológicos e virológicos da doença periodontal e suas complicações em gatos. Para isso, nove gatos com doença periodontal oriundos de um único abrigo de animais foram avaliados. Esses gatos demonstraram uma doença caracterizada por halitose, salivação excessiva e desconforto oral. Linfadenomegalia dos linfonodos mandibulares e retrofaríngeos foi observada em 44,4% dos casos. As lesões orais consistiam de graus variados de hiperemia gengival, perda completa das margens gengivais livres e, consequentemente, retração gengival, deposição de cálculo dental, mobilidade dentária, exposição completa da furca dos pré-molares e molares e das raízes dentárias dos caninos e incisivos, perda de radiopacidade óssea devido à reabsorção de osso alveolar e perda dentária. Complicações incluíram estomatite paradental ulcerativa crônica (22,2%), faucite (22,2%) e gengivoestomatite crônica (11,1%). Nenhum dos gatos afetados pela doença periodontal foi positivo para FIV ou FeLV. Em 33,3% dos casos, os gatos eram portadores do calicivírus felino, mas não do herpesvírus felino.(AU)

Uncommon anatomical sites and anatomopathological presentations of lymphoma in dogs / Sítios anatômicos e apresentações anatomopatológicas incomuns do linfoma em cães

Lymphomas are the tumors most frequently associated with the death or euthanasia of dogs in most parts of the world. In dogs, they almost always occur as disseminated (multicentric lymphoma), gastrointestinal (alimentary lymphoma), or nodal mediastinal (mediastinal lymphoma) diseases. However, other uncommon presentations can occasionally occur. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of these unusual types of lymphoma and demonstrate to veterinary pathologists how they present pathologically. From a total of 100 cases of lymphoma in dogs diagnosed between 1965 and 2017, 16 cases (16/100) were considered by us as non-traditional presentations of the disease: follicular lymphoma, (5/100), peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS (2/100), angiocentric lymphoma (2/100), intravascular large T-cell lymphoma (2/100), lymphomatoid granulomatosis (1/100), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (1/100), hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (1/100), and chronic small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma, intermediate type (1/100). We hope that the results presented here can help veterinary pathologists to recognize such cases of "atypical lymphoma" in their diagnostic routines.(AU)

Linfomas são os tumores mais associados a morte ou eutanásia de cães na maior parte do mundo. Nessa espécie animal ocorrem quase sempre como uma doença disseminada (linfoma multicêntrico), gastrintestinal (linfoma alimentar) ou nodal mediastinal (linfoma mediastínico), entretanto, ocasionalmente, outras apresentações bem menos comuns podem ser encontradas. O objetivo deste artigo é estabelecer a prevalência desses pouco usuais tipos de linfoma e demonstrar aos patologistas veterinários como eles se apresentam anatomopatologicamente. De um total de 100 casos de linfoma em cães diagnosticados entre os anos de 1965 e 2017, 16 casos (16/100) foram considerados como apresentações não tradicionais da doença: linfoma folicular (5/100), linfoma de células T periférico inespecífico (2/100), linfoma angiocêntrico (2/100), linfoma intravascular de grandes células T (2/100), granulomatose linfomatoide (2/100), linfoma de grandes células anaplásicas (1/100), linfoma hepatoesplênico de células T (1/100) e linfoma linfocítico crônico de pequenas células B - tipo intermediário (1/100). Esperamos que os resultados aqui demonstrados auxiliem patologistas veterinários a reconhecerem tais casos de "linfomas atípicos" em suas rotinas diagnósticas.(AU)

Uncommon anatomical sites and anatomopathological presentations of lymphoma in dogs / Sítios anatômicos e apresentações anatomopatológicas incomuns do linfoma em cães

Lymphomas are the tumors most frequently associated with the death or euthanasia of dogs in most parts of the world. In dogs, they almost always occur as disseminated (multicentric lymphoma), gastrointestinal (alimentary lymphoma), or nodal mediastinal (mediastinal lymphoma) diseases. However, other uncommon presentations can occasionally occur. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of these unusual types of lymphoma and demonstrate to veterinary pathologists how they present pathologically. From a total of 100 cases of lymphoma in dogs diagnosed between 1965 and 2017, 16 cases (16/100) were considered by us as non-traditional presentations of the disease: follicular lymphoma, (5/100), peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS (2/100), angiocentric lymphoma (2/100), intravascular large T-cell lymphoma (2/100), lymphomatoid granulomatosis (1/100), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (1/100), hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (1/100), and chronic small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma, intermediate type (1/100). We hope that the results presented here can help veterinary pathologists to recognize such cases of "atypical lymphoma" in their diagnostic routines.(AU)

Linfomas são os tumores mais associados a morte ou eutanásia de cães na maior parte do mundo. Nessa espécie animal ocorrem quase sempre como uma doença disseminada (linfoma multicêntrico), gastrintestinal (linfoma alimentar) ou nodal mediastinal (linfoma mediastínico), entretanto, ocasionalmente, outras apresentações bem menos comuns podem ser encontradas. O objetivo deste artigo é estabelecer a prevalência desses pouco usuais tipos de linfoma e demonstrar aos patologistas veterinários como eles se apresentam anatomopatologicamente. De um total de 100 casos de linfoma em cães diagnosticados entre os anos de 1965 e 2017, 16 casos (16/100) foram considerados como apresentações não tradicionais da doença: linfoma folicular (5/100), linfoma de células T periférico inespecífico (2/100), linfoma angiocêntrico (2/100), linfoma intravascular de grandes células T (2/100), granulomatose linfomatoide (2/100), linfoma de grandes células anaplásicas (1/100), linfoma hepatoesplênico de células T (1/100) e linfoma linfocítico crônico de pequenas células B - tipo intermediário (1/100). Esperamos que os resultados aqui demonstrados auxiliem patologistas veterinários a reconhecerem tais casos de "linfomas atípicos" em suas rotinas diagnósticas.(AU)

Aspectos anatomopatológicos do linfoma cutâneo em cães revisão / Anatomopathological aspects of cutaneous lymphoma in dogs review / Características histopatológicas del linfoma cutáneo en perros revisión

O linfoma é um dos tipos de câncer mais prevalentes em cães, no entanto, aspectos macroscópicos, de lesões superficiais eritematosas e esfoliativas a tumores. é incomum na pele. Quando se origina na pele, tem sido observado sob vários Histologicamente, os linfomas cutâneos são subdivididos em epiteliotrópicos. Os linfomas epiteliotrópicos geralmente são vistos como micose fungoide e, mais raramente, como reticulose pagetoide ou síndrome de Sézary. Os linfomas não epiteliotrópicos incluem: linfoma anaplásico de grandes células T, linfoma de células T periféricas inespecífico, granulomatose linfomatoide, linfoma intravascular e linfoma de células T semelhante a paniculite subcutânea. Esta revisão de literatura apresenta os aspectos macroscópicos e histopatológicos dos linfomas cutâneos caninos.(AU)

Lymphoma is one of the most prevalent forms of cancers in dogs, however, it is uncommon on the skin. Cutaneous lymphoma can present as erythematous and exfoliative superficial lesions or raised masses. Histologically, cutaneous lymphomas are subdivided into epitheliotropic and non-epitheliotropic. Epitheliotropic lymphomas is mostly seen as mycosis fungoides and more rarely as pagetoid reticulosis or Sézary syndrome. Non-epitheliotropic lymphomas include anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, unspecified peripheral T-cell lymphoma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, intravascular lymphoma, and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. This literature review presents macroscopic and histopathological aspects of canine cutaneous lymphomas.(AU)

El linfoma representa uno de los tipos de cáncer más prevalentes en perros, si bien su manifestación dérmica es poco frecuente. Los linfomas de piel pueden presentarse como lesiones superficiales eritematosas y exfoliativas, o bien como tumores. Desde el punto de vista histológico pueden ser clasificados como epiteliotrópicos y no epiteliotrópicos. Los primeros suelen ser vistos como micosis fúngica y, más raro, como reticulosis pagetoide o Síndrome de Sézary. Los linfomas no epiteliotrópicos incluyen el linfoma anaplásico de células T gigantes, linfoma inespecífico de células T, granulomatosis linfomatoide, linfoma intravascular y linfoma de células T similar a paniculitis subcutánea. Esta revisión de literatura presenta aspectos macroscópicos e histopatológicos de los linfomas cutáneos del perro.(AU)

Aspectos anatomopatológicos do linfoma cutâneo em cães – revisão / Anatomopathological aspects of cutaneous lymphoma in dogs – review / Características histopatológicas del linfoma cutáneo en perros – revisión

O linfoma é um dos tipos de câncer mais prevalentes em cães, no entanto, aspectos macroscópicos, de lesões superficiais eritematosas e esfoliativas a tumores. é incomum na pele. Quando se origina na pele, tem sido observado sob vários Histologicamente, os linfomas cutâneos são subdivididos em epiteliotrópicos. Os linfomas epiteliotrópicos geralmente são vistos como micose fungoide e, mais raramente, como reticulose pagetoide ou síndrome de Sézary. Os linfomas não epiteliotrópicos incluem: linfoma anaplásico de grandes células T, linfoma de células T periféricas inespecífico, granulomatose linfomatoide, linfoma intravascular e linfoma de células T semelhante a paniculite subcutânea. Esta revisão de literatura apresenta os aspectos macroscópicos e histopatológicos dos linfomas cutâneos caninos.

Lymphoma is one of the most prevalent forms of cancers in dogs, however, it is uncommon on the skin. Cutaneous lymphoma can present as erythematous and exfoliative superficial lesions or raised masses. Histologically, cutaneous lymphomas are subdivided into epitheliotropic and non-epitheliotropic. Epitheliotropic lymphomas is mostly seen as mycosis fungoides and more rarely as pagetoid reticulosis or Sézary syndrome. Non-epitheliotropic lymphomas include anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, unspecified peripheral T-cell lymphoma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, intravascular lymphoma, and subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. This literature review presents macroscopic and histopathological aspects of canine cutaneous lymphomas.

El linfoma representa uno de los tipos de cáncer más prevalentes en perros, si bien su manifestación dérmica es poco frecuente. Los linfomas de piel pueden presentarse como lesiones superficiales eritematosas y exfoliativas, o bien como tumores. Desde el punto de vista histológico pueden ser clasificados como epiteliotrópicos y no epiteliotrópicos. Los primeros suelen ser vistos como micosis fúngica y, más raro, como reticulosis pagetoide o Síndrome de Sézary. Los linfomas no epiteliotrópicos incluyen el linfoma anaplásico de células T gigantes, linfoma inespecífico de células T, granulomatosis linfomatoide, linfoma intravascular y linfoma de células T similar a paniculitis subcutánea. Esta revisión de literatura presenta aspectos macroscópicos e histopatológicos de los linfomas cutáneos del perro.

Crise hemolítica em um cão com hepatite crônica associada ao cobre / Hemolytic crisis in a dog with copper-associated chronic hepatitis

Background: Copper is an essential micronutrient for the body to function properly. However, although it is a vital element,an excess of copper in the body is extremely toxic. Copper toxicity has been reported mainly in sheep. In dogs, clinicopathological signs of toxicity are characterized by chronic liver failure. This means that the hemolytic crisis so commonin sheep is a condition rarely associated with toxicity in dogs, so there are very few descriptions of this condition in theveterinary literature. The purpose of this report is to describe a case of hemolytic crisis in a dog with copper-associatedchronic hepatitis.Case: A medium-sized 6-year-old bitch was brought to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria,with clinical presentation of apathy, anorexia and red urine. A physical examination revealed mildly jaundiced mucosaand dark brown urine. A urinalysis indicated the presence of protein, bilirubin and occult blood. The blood count revealedhypochromic macrocytic anemia, leukocytosis due to left shift neutrophilia and thrombocytopenia. Serum biochemistryshowed elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. The animal was given a blood transfusiondue to the severity of her anemia, but her clinical condition worsened and she died, whereupon her body was sent for necropsy. This necropsy revealed conspicuous signs of jaundice, splenomegaly and altered liver and kidney color. The liverwas brownish, with its natural surface firm and slightly irregular. The kidneys were diffusely blackened. The urine wasdark brown. Fragments of different organs were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution, routinely processedfor histopathology and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A histological dissection of the liver showed the hepatic lobesdissected by fibrosis, forming islands of hepatocytes and numerous lymphocytes and...(AU)

Renal intravascular lymphoma in a dog / Linfoma intravascular renal em um cão

A 10-year-old male large mixed breed dog was presented with skin ulcers and fracture on the right hind limb caused by vehicle collision. Given required limb amputation, and as being a shelter senior dog, euthanasia was requested by the owner and a complete post-mortem examination was conducted immediately after death. Gross changes were consistent with marked bilateral nephromegaly. Histopathological examination of the kidneys revealed round cells filling blood vessels. Immunohistochemically, the round cells were positive for CD3 antibody. Based on these findings, in absence of involvement of the bone marrow and peripheral blood, and inexistence of primary extravascular masses, the tumor was classified as T-cell intravascular lymphoma. To the authors knowledge, this is the first report describing intravascular lymphoma involving the kidneys alone in a dog.(AU)

Um canino, macho, de 10 anos, sem raça definida (SRD), e grande porte, chegou para atendimento apresentando fratura em membro pélvico direito devido a atropelamento por veículo automotivo. Adicionalmente, foram observadas úlceras cutâneas ao nível da fratura. Devido à necessidade de amputação do membro e, por ser um cão idoso, o proprietário optou pela eutanásia, realizando-se necropsia imediatamente após a morte do paciente. Os achados macroscópicos foram consistentes com acentuada nefromegalia bilateral. A avaliação histopatológica dos rins revelou células redondas neoplásicas obliterando vasos sanguíneos. Imunohistoquimicamente, essas células foram positivas para CD3. Baseando-se nos achados histopatológicos, na ausência de envolvimento da medula óssea e do sangue periférico e, na inexistência de massas primárias extravasculares, o tumor foi classificado como linfoma intravascular de células T. Possivelmente, este é o primeiro relato de linfoma intravascular envolvendo unicamente os rins de um cão.(AU)

Oral lesions and retroviruses in shelter cats / Afecções orais e retroviroses em gatos de abrigo

Oral lesions are common problems in feline medicine worldwide, and may be associated with different causes, such as infectious agents. There are only a few studies reporting the chief oral diseases and the results for retrovirus tests in shelter cats in Brazil, especially in the South region. This study aimed to identify the main inflammatory oral lesions in shelter cats and verify the test results for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections. Forty-three felines from private shelters in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul state (RS) that presented clinically evident oral lesions, regardless of age, breed, sex, and neuter status, were used in this survey. Serological tests for FIV and FeLV were performed in all cats, and data regarding the rearing system were collected. Sixteen cats (37.2%) were reared in a free system, whereas 27 (62.8%) were kept under a restrict system. Of the 43 cats with oral lesions, 29 (67.44%) presented only one type of lesion, characterized as periodontitis (n=22, 51.16%), followed by gingivitis (n=6, 13.95%), and stomatitis (n=1, 2.32%). Concomitant stomatitis and periodontitis were found in the 14 remaining cats (100%). With respect to the test results for retrovirus infections, nine (20.93%) of the 43 felines were positive for FIV alone. Co-infection with both viruses was observed in seven cats (16.28%). No cat was seropositive for FeLV valone. None of the six cats that presented gingivitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; one cat with stomatitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; of the 22 cats with periodontitis, six (27.27%) were FIV positive and two (9.09%) were FIV/FeLV positive; and of the 14 cats that presented stomatitis and periodontitis, three (21.43%) were FIV positive and four (28.57%) were FIV/FeLV positive. As for diagnosis, 28 cats (65.1%) presented solely periodontal disease (PD), one cat (2.32%) had feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCG) alone, and 14 (32.5%) had both PD and FCG. The results obtained show that the main oral lesions found in shelter cats in the central region of RS were gingivitis, stomatitis, and periodontitis. Periodontitis, in association or not with stomatitis, was the most frequently observed oral cavity lesion in FIV- and/or FeLV-positive cats. Other factors may contribute to installation of inflammatory oral diseases in shelter cats because most cats with oral cavity lesions tested negative for retrovirus infections.(AU)

As afecções orais são problemas comuns em medicina felina em diferentes locais do mundo e podem estar relacionadas a diferentes causas, como agentes infecciosos. Poucos estudos foram encontrados no Brasil sobre o levantamento das principais doenças orais e dos resultados de testes para retrovírus em gatos de abrigos, principalmente na região Sul. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo foi identificar as principais afecções orais inflamatórias em gatos de abrigos e verificar os resultados dos testes para o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e o vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV). Foram incluídos 43 felinos provenientes de abrigos privados localizados na região central do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) que apresentavam lesões orais clinicamente evidentes, independente de idade, raça, gênero e estado reprodutivo. Em todos os gatos foram realizados testes sorológicos para FIV e FeLV e obtidas informações referentes ao sistema de criação. Em 16 gatos (37,2%), o sistema de criação era livre, enquanto em 27 (62,8%) era restrito. Dos 43 gatos com lesões orais, em 29 (67,44%) foi verificado somente um tipo de lesão, caracterizado como periodontite (n=22, 51,16%), seguido de gengivite (n=6, 13,95%) e estomatite (n=1, 2,32%). Lesões concomitantes de estomatite e periodontite foram encontradas nos 14 gatos (100%) restantes. Quanto aos resultados dos testes para retrovírus, nove (20,93%) dos 43 felinos testados, foram positivos somente para FIV. Em sete gatos (16,28%) foi observada coinfecção pelos dois vírus. Em nenhum gato foi observado soropositividade somente para FeLV. Dos seis gatos com gengivite, nenhum foi positivo para FIV e FeLV; um gato com estomatite foi positivo para FIV e FeLV; dos 22 gatos com periodontite, seis (27,27%) foram FIV positivos e dois (9,09%) FIV/FeLV positivos; e dos 14 com estomatite e periodontite, três (21,43%) foram FIV positivos e quatro (28,57%) FIV/FeLV positivos. Quanto ao diagnóstico, em 28 gatos (65,1%) foi observada somente doença periodontal (DP), em um (2,32%) somente gengivoestomatite crônica felina (GECF) e em 14 gatos (32,5%) DP e GECF. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que as principais lesões orais encontradas em gatos de abrigos da região central do RS foram gengivite, estomatite e periodontite; a periodontite associada ou não a estomatite foi a lesão oral mais frequente nos gatos positivos para FIV e/ou FeLV. Acredita-se que outros fatores possam contribuir na instalação de doenças orais em gatos de abrigos, já que houve predomínio de gatos com resultados negativos nos testes para os retrovírus.(AU)

Oral lesions and retroviruses in shelter cats / Afecções orais e retroviroses em gatos de abrigo

Oral lesions are common problems in feline medicine worldwide, and may be associated with different causes, such as infectious agents. There are only a few studies reporting the chief oral diseases and the results for retrovirus tests in shelter cats in Brazil, especially in the South region. This study aimed to identify the main inflammatory oral lesions in shelter cats and verify the test results for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections. Forty-three felines from private shelters in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul state (RS) that presented clinically evident oral lesions, regardless of age, breed, sex, and neuter status, were used in this survey. Serological tests for FIV and FeLV were performed in all cats, and data regarding the rearing system were collected. Sixteen cats (37.2%) were reared in a free system, whereas 27 (62.8%) were kept under a restrict system. Of the 43 cats with oral lesions, 29 (67.44%) presented only one type of lesion, characterized as periodontitis (n=22, 51.16%), followed by gingivitis (n=6, 13.95%), and stomatitis (n=1, 2.32%). Concomitant stomatitis and periodontitis were found in the 14 remaining cats (100%). With respect to the test results for retrovirus infections, nine (20.93%) of the 43 felines were positive for FIV alone. Co-infection with both viruses was observed in seven cats (16.28%). No cat was seropositive for FeLV valone. None of the six cats that presented gingivitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; one cat with stomatitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; of the 22 cats with periodontitis, six (27.27%) were FIV positive and two (9.09%) were FIV/FeLV positive; and of the 14 cats that presented stomatitis and periodontitis, three (21.43%) were FIV positive and four (28.57%) were FIV/FeLV positive. As for diagnosis, 28 cats (65.1%) presented solely periodontal disease (PD), one cat (2.32%) had feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCG) alone, and 14 (32.5%) had both PD and FCG. The results obtained show that the main oral lesions found in shelter cats in the central region of RS were gingivitis, stomatitis, and periodontitis. Periodontitis, in association or not with stomatitis, was the most frequently observed oral cavity lesion in FIV- and/or FeLV-positive cats. Other factors may contribute to installation of inflammatory oral diseases in shelter cats because most cats with oral cavity lesions tested negative for retrovirus infections.(AU)

As afecções orais são problemas comuns em medicina felina em diferentes locais do mundo e podem estar relacionadas a diferentes causas, como agentes infecciosos. Poucos estudos foram encontrados no Brasil sobre o levantamento das principais doenças orais e dos resultados de testes para retrovírus em gatos de abrigos, principalmente na região Sul. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo foi identificar as principais afecções orais inflamatórias em gatos de abrigos e verificar os resultados dos testes para o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e o vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV). Foram incluídos 43 felinos provenientes de abrigos privados localizados na região central do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) que apresentavam lesões orais clinicamente evidentes, independente de idade, raça, gênero e estado reprodutivo. Em todos os gatos foram realizados testes sorológicos para FIV e FeLV e obtidas informações referentes ao sistema de criação. Em 16 gatos (37,2%), o sistema de criação era livre, enquanto em 27 (62,8%) era restrito. Dos 43 gatos com lesões orais, em 29 (67,44%) foi verificado somente um tipo de lesão, caracterizado como periodontite (n=22, 51,16%), seguido de gengivite (n=6, 13,95%) e estomatite (n=1, 2,32%). Lesões concomitantes de estomatite e periodontite foram encontradas nos 14 gatos (100%) restantes. Quanto aos resultados dos testes para retrovírus, nove (20,93%) dos 43 felinos testados, foram positivos somente para FIV. Em sete gatos (16,28%) foi observada coinfecção pelos dois vírus. Em nenhum gato foi observado soropositividade somente para FeLV. Dos seis gatos com gengivite, nenhum foi positivo para FIV e FeLV; um gato com estomatite foi positivo para FIV e FeLV; dos 22 gatos com periodontite, seis (27,27%) foram FIV positivos e dois (9,09%) FIV/FeLV positivos; e dos 14 com estomatite e periodontite, três (21,43%) foram FIV positivos e quatro (28,57%) FIV/FeLV positivos. Quanto ao diagnóstico, em 28 gatos (65,1%) foi observada somente doença periodontal (DP), em um (2,32%) somente gengivoestomatite crônica felina (GECF) e em 14 gatos (32,5%) DP e GECF. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que as principais lesões orais encontradas em gatos de abrigos da região central do RS foram gengivite, estomatite e periodontite; a periodontite associada ou não a estomatite foi a lesão oral mais frequente nos gatos positivos para FIV e/ou FeLV. Acredita-se que outros fatores possam contribuir na instalação de doenças orais em gatos de abrigos, já que houve predomínio de gatos com resultados negativos nos testes para os retrovírus.(AU)

Melanocitoma-acantoma em um cão / Melanocytoma-acanthoma in a dog

Background: Melanocytic neoplasms are skin tumors that often occur in dogs. However, melanocytoma-acanthoma, alsocalled melanoacanthoma, is a benign melanocytic neoplasm rarely reported in this species, which has been described onlythree times in the veterinary literature. Briefly, this tumor is characterized by a single, painless, darkly pigmented and firmcutaneous papule or nodule. Histologically, it is composed of mixed populations of well-differentiated melanocytes andkeratinocytes, unlike traditional melanocytic tumors (melanoma and melanocytoma). These cells are arranged in lobulessurrounded by collagenous stroma. Melanocytes are large epithelioid cells containing varying amounts of melanin. Keratinocytes form anastomosing trabeculae with peripheral palisading, and small cysts containing amorphous or laminatedkeratin. The definitive diagnosis of melanocytoma-acanthoma is based on histopathological findings. This report describesa case of melanocytoma-acanthoma in a dog in Brazil.Case: A 9-year-old female miniature Schnauzer dog was examined at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Universityof Santa Maria, where a single, firm, pigmented papule was found in the auricle. The lesion had started 15 days earlier.Hematological tests and serum biochemistry profile were normal. An excisional biopsy of the papule was surgically removed and subjected to histopathological examination. The tissue was fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processedroutinely and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). A histopathologicalexamination revealed a nonencapsulated, well-defined, extensive, densely cellular proliferation located in dermis. Thisproliferation was composed of lobules and nests of well-differentiated stratified squamous epithelium closely associatedwith neoplastic melanocytes, surrounded by thin bundles of fibrous stroma. A diagnosis of...(AU)

Melanocitoma-acantoma em um cão / Melanocytoma-acanthoma in a dog

Background: Melanocytic neoplasms are skin tumors that often occur in dogs. However, melanocytoma-acanthoma, alsocalled melanoacanthoma, is a benign melanocytic neoplasm rarely reported in this species, which has been described onlythree times in the veterinary literature. Briefly, this tumor is characterized by a single, painless, darkly pigmented and firmcutaneous papule or nodule. Histologically, it is composed of mixed populations of well-differentiated melanocytes andkeratinocytes, unlike traditional melanocytic tumors (melanoma and melanocytoma). These cells are arranged in lobulessurrounded by collagenous stroma. Melanocytes are large epithelioid cells containing varying amounts of melanin. Keratinocytes form anastomosing trabeculae with peripheral palisading, and small cysts containing amorphous or laminatedkeratin. The definitive diagnosis of melanocytoma-acanthoma is based on histopathological findings. This report describesa case of melanocytoma-acanthoma in a dog in Brazil.Case: A 9-year-old female miniature Schnauzer dog was examined at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Universityof Santa Maria, where a single, firm, pigmented papule was found in the auricle. The lesion had started 15 days earlier.Hematological tests and serum biochemistry profile were normal. An excisional biopsy of the papule was surgically removed and subjected to histopathological examination. The tissue was fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, processedroutinely and embedded in paraffin wax. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). A histopathologicalexamination revealed a nonencapsulated, well-defined, extensive, densely cellular proliferation located in dermis. Thisproliferation was composed of lobules and nests of well-differentiated stratified squamous epithelium closely associatedwith neoplastic melanocytes, surrounded by thin bundles of fibrous stroma. A diagnosis of...

Crise hemolítica em um cão com hepatite crônica associada ao cobre / Hemolytic crisis in a dog with copper-associated chronic hepatitis

Background: Copper is an essential micronutrient for the body to function properly. However, although it is a vital element,an excess of copper in the body is extremely toxic. Copper toxicity has been reported mainly in sheep. In dogs, clinicopathological signs of toxicity are characterized by chronic liver failure. This means that the hemolytic crisis so commonin sheep is a condition rarely associated with toxicity in dogs, so there are very few descriptions of this condition in theveterinary literature. The purpose of this report is to describe a case of hemolytic crisis in a dog with copper-associatedchronic hepatitis.Case: A medium-sized 6-year-old bitch was brought to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria,with clinical presentation of apathy, anorexia and red urine. A physical examination revealed mildly jaundiced mucosaand dark brown urine. A urinalysis indicated the presence of protein, bilirubin and occult blood. The blood count revealedhypochromic macrocytic anemia, leukocytosis due to left shift neutrophilia and thrombocytopenia. Serum biochemistryshowed elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. The animal was given a blood transfusiondue to the severity of her anemia, but her clinical condition worsened and she died, whereupon her body was sent for necropsy. This necropsy revealed conspicuous signs of jaundice, splenomegaly and altered liver and kidney color. The liverwas brownish, with its natural surface firm and slightly irregular. The kidneys were diffusely blackened. The urine wasdark brown. Fragments of different organs were collected, fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution, routinely processedfor histopathology and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A histological dissection of the liver showed the hepatic lobesdissected by fibrosis, forming islands of hepatocytes and numerous lymphocytes and...

Oral lesions and retroviruses in shelter cats

ABSTRACT: Oral lesions are common problems in feline medicine worldwide, and may be associated with different causes, such as infectious agents. There are only a few studies reporting the chief oral diseases and the results for retrovirus tests in shelter cats in Brazil, especially in the South region. This study aimed to identify the main inflammatory oral lesions in shelter cats and verify the test results for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections. Forty-three felines from private shelters in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul state (RS) that presented clinically evident oral lesions, regardless of age, breed, sex, and neuter status, were used in this survey. Serological tests for FIV and FeLV were performed in all cats, and data regarding the rearing system were collected. Sixteen cats (37.2%) were reared in a free system, whereas 27 (62.8%) were kept under a restrict system. Of the 43 cats with oral lesions, 29 (67.44%) presented only one type of lesion, characterized as periodontitis (n=22, 51.16%), followed by gingivitis (n=6, 13.95%), and stomatitis (n=1, 2.32%). Concomitant stomatitis and periodontitis were found in the 14 remaining cats (100%). With respect to the test results for retrovirus infections, nine (20.93%) of the 43 felines were positive for FIV alone. Co-infection with both viruses was observed in seven cats (16.28%). No cat was seropositive for FeLV valone. None of the six cats that presented gingivitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; one cat with stomatitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; of the 22 cats with periodontitis, six (27.27%) were FIV positive and two (9.09%) were FIV/FeLV positive; and of the 14 cats that presented stomatitis and periodontitis, three (21.43%) were FIV positive and four (28.57%) were FIV/FeLV positive. As for diagnosis, 28 cats (65.1%) presented solely periodontal disease (PD), one cat (2.32%) had feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCG) alone, and 14 (32.5%) had both PD and FCG. The results obtained show that the main oral lesions found in shelter cats in the central region of RS were gingivitis, stomatitis, and periodontitis. Periodontitis, in association or not with stomatitis, was the most frequently observed oral cavity lesion in FIV- and/or FeLV-positive cats. Other factors may contribute to installation of inflammatory oral diseases in shelter cats because most cats with oral cavity lesions tested negative for retrovirus infections.

RESUMO: As afecções orais são problemas comuns em medicina felina em diferentes locais do mundo e podem estar relacionadas a diferentes causas, como agentes infecciosos. Poucos estudos foram encontrados no Brasil sobre o levantamento das principais doenças orais e dos resultados de testes para retrovírus em gatos de abrigos, principalmente na região Sul. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo foi identificar as principais afecções orais inflamatórias em gatos de abrigos e verificar os resultados dos testes para o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e o vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV). Foram incluídos 43 felinos provenientes de abrigos privados localizados na região central do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) que apresentavam lesões orais clinicamente evidentes, independente de idade, raça, gênero e estado reprodutivo. Em todos os gatos foram realizados testes sorológicos para FIV e FeLV e obtidas informações referentes ao sistema de criação. Em 16 gatos (37,2%), o sistema de criação era livre, enquanto em 27 (62,8%) era restrito. Dos 43 gatos com lesões orais, em 29 (67,44%) foi verificado somente um tipo de lesão, caracterizado como periodontite (n=22, 51,16%), seguido de gengivite (n=6, 13,95%) e estomatite (n=1, 2,32%). Lesões concomitantes de estomatite e periodontite foram encontradas nos 14 gatos (100%) restantes. Quanto aos resultados dos testes para retrovírus, nove (20,93%) dos 43 felinos testados, foram positivos somente para FIV. Em sete gatos (16,28%) foi observada coinfecção pelos dois vírus. Em nenhum gato foi observado soropositividade somente para FeLV. Dos seis gatos com gengivite, nenhum foi positivo para FIV e FeLV; um gato com estomatite foi positivo para FIV e FeLV; dos 22 gatos com periodontite, seis (27,27%) foram FIV positivos e dois (9,09%) FIV/FeLV positivos; e dos 14 com estomatite e periodontite, três (21,43%) foram FIV positivos e quatro (28,57%) FIV/FeLV positivos. Quanto ao diagnóstico, em 28 gatos (65,1%) foi observada somente doença periodontal (DP), em um (2,32%) somente gengivoestomatite crônica felina (GECF) e em 14 gatos (32,5%) DP e GECF. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que as principais lesões orais encontradas em gatos de abrigos da região central do RS foram gengivite, estomatite e periodontite; a periodontite associada ou não a estomatite foi a lesão oral mais frequente nos gatos positivos para FIV e/ou FeLV. Acredita-se que outros fatores possam contribuir na instalação de doenças orais em gatos de abrigos, já que houve predomínio de gatos com resultados negativos nos testes para os retrovírus.

Renal intravascular lymphoma in a dog / Linfoma intravascular renal em um cão

ABSTRACT: A 10-year-old male large mixed breed dog was presented with skin ulcers and fracture on the right hind limb caused by vehicle collision. Given required limb amputation, and as being a shelter senior dog, euthanasia was requested by the owner and a complete post-mortem examination was conducted immediately after death. Gross changes were consistent with marked bilateral nephromegaly. Histopathological examination of the kidneys revealed round cells filling blood vessels. Immunohistochemically, the round cells were positive for CD3 antibody. Based on these findings, in absence of involvement of the bone marrow and peripheral blood, and inexistence of primary extravascular masses, the tumor was classified as T-cell intravascular lymphoma. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report describing intravascular lymphoma involving the kidneys alone in a dog.

RESUMO: Um canino, macho, de 10 anos, sem raça definida (SRD), e grande porte, chegou para atendimento apresentando fratura em membro pélvico direito devido a atropelamento por veículo automotivo. Adicionalmente, foram observadas úlceras cutâneas ao nível da fratura. Devido à necessidade de amputação do membro e, por ser um cão idoso, o proprietário optou pela eutanásia, realizando-se necropsia imediatamente após a morte do paciente. Os achados macroscópicos foram consistentes com acentuada nefromegalia bilateral. A avaliação histopatológica dos rins revelou células redondas neoplásicas obliterando vasos sanguíneos. Imunohistoquimicamente, essas células foram positivas para CD3. Baseando-se nos achados histopatológicos, na ausência de envolvimento da medula óssea e do sangue periférico e, na inexistência de massas primárias extravasculares, o tumor foi classificado como linfoma intravascular de células T. Possivelmente, este é o primeiro relato de linfoma intravascular envolvendo unicamente os rins de um cão.