RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess a series of patients receiving teprotumumab therapy and objectively quantify the rates of otologic adverse events. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort study of adult patients receiving teprotumumab between May 2020 and January 2022. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. METHODS: Prior to treatment initiation, an ototoxicity-specific audiometric battery was completed, which included conventional audiometry (frequencies 250-8000 Hz), ultrahigh-frequency audiometry (9000-20,000 Hz), tympanometry, speech discrimination scores, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Testing was then repeated after treatment completion. RESULTS: In total, 35 patients were recruited, with a median (range) age of 48.5 years (21-74), and 8 (22.8%) were male. The most common subjective symptom reported was a hearing decline (25.7%), followed by aural fullness (17.1%) and tinnitus (14.3%). Fourteen patients had both pre- and posttreatment audiometric data. Among them, 3 patients (21.4%) were found to have changes in standard frequency audiometry, and 10 (71.4%) had changes in high-frequency audiometry, with 2 patients having changes in both. Less than half (n = 5) of the 11 patients with changes in standard or high-frequency pure tone hearing noted subjective hearing decline. Changes in DPOAE were noted in 4 patients out of 13 (30.7%). Two patients discontinued treatment due to hearing decline. Finally, 3 patients (8.6%) were diagnosed with patulous eustachian tube (PET) by an otolaryngologist, and another 3 patients are suspected to have PET based on symptom description during ophthalmologic follow-up. CONCLUSION: In our cohort, a high incidence of otologic symptoms was found to be associated with teprotumumab usage. Subjective hearing decline, changes in ultrahigh-frequency hearing as well as eustachian tube dysfunction may be encountered and suggest the potential ototoxicity of teprotumumab.
Asunto(s)
Emisiones Otoacústicas Espontáneas , Ototoxicidad , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Femenino , Estudios Prospectivos , Umbral Auditivo , Audiometría de Tonos PurosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are being utilized with increasing frequency and may be linked to neurologic and audiovestibular toxicities. This report aimed to describe a case of ICI-induced sensorineural hearing loss ultimately requiring bilateral cochlear implantation. METHODS: A 42-year-old female with stage IV metastatic melanoma of the perianal skin was treated with ipilimumab (blocker of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 [CTLA-4]) and nivolumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 [PD1]). After 21 weeks of therapy, she developed sudden vertigo and bilateral hearing loss. A full workup including MRI and lumbar puncture ruled out intracranial parenchymal metastases, leptomeningeal metastases, stroke and intracranial infection. ICI-associated aseptic meningoencephalitis was therefore diagnosed. The patient received systemic steroids as well as intratympanic steroids, which temporarily improved hearing, but eventually developed permanent, bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss. RESULTS: The patient received bilateral cochlear implants and has demonstrated good performance one year after implantation. DISCUSSION: ICI are being increasingly used to treat a variety of advanced malignancies. This is the first report of bilateral cochlear implants in the context of profound hearing loss after an immunotherapy induced meningoencephalitis. CONCLUSION: ICI carries the risk of potential ototoxicity, including profound SNHL as depicted in our case. Cochlear implantation proved to be beneficial and may be considered in patients with ICI-related hearing loss.
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Implantación Coclear , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico , Inmunoterapia , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Inmunoterapia/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/efectos adversos , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/inducido químicamente , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/cirugía , Implantes Cocleares , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate rates of Advanced Bionics Ultra 3D/Ultra cochlear implant failure in the setting of a worldwide device recall and report surgical and auditory outcomes after revision. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed for adult and pediatric patients implanted with at risk devices at our center from 2016 to 2020. Device failure rates, surgical, and auditory outcomes were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Of 113 at-risk devices, 20 devices (17.7%) in 18 patients (two bilaterally implanted) were identified as failures. All devices were with mid-scala electrodes. Eleven patients (61.1%) were children and 7 (38.9%) adults. Twelve patients were found to have failing devices after reporting subjective performance decline; the remainder were prompted by manufacturer notification. All were revised, with the majority (83.3%) choosing the same manufacturer. All had uncomplicated original and revision insertions. Among adults, average word scores on the revised side were stable pre- to post-revision (P = 0.95). DISCUSSION: Patients with device failure due to this field action performed well after revision implantation. Patients with bilateral at-risk devices but evidence of unilateral failure may elect to undergo simultaneous empiric revision of the contralateral device. Three patients who elected to change device manufacturers on revision have variable results that require further investigation. CONCLUSIONS: Patients requiring revision for a device field action overall perform well. At-risk devices continue to require monitoring as a growing number are likely to fail over time.
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Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Adulto , Niño , Humanos , Implantes Cocleares/efectos adversos , Implantación Coclear/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Reoperación , Falla de Equipo , Falla de PrótesisRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To determine rates of hearing preservation and performance in patients who met candidacy for electroacoustic stimulation (EAS) and were implanted with a slim modiolar electrode (CI532 or CI632). DESIGN: Adult patients meeting Food and Drug Administration criteria for electroacoustic stimulation (preoperative low-frequency pure-tone average [LFPTA] less than 60 dB at 125, 250, and 500 Hz and monosyllabic word scores between 10% and 60% in the ear to be implanted), who received a slim modiolar electrode were included. Main outcome measures included rates of hearing preservation, defined as a LFPTA ≤80 dB at 125, 250, and 500 Hz, as well as postoperative low-frequency pure-tone threshold shifts, consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) word scores and AzBio sentences in noise scores. RESULTS: Forty-six patients met inclusion criteria during a 4-year period. Mean (standard deviation) preoperative LFPTA was 34.5 (13.0) dB, and 71.7% had preserved hearing at initial activation. The mean LFPTA shift in patients who preserved hearing at initial activation was 19.7 (14.6) dB, compared with 62.6 (17.7) dB in patients who did not preserve hearing as per our definition. Perioperative steroid use was not different in patients with and without preserved hearing (X 2 (1, N = 46) = 0.19, p = .67, V = 0.06). One year after surgery, 57% of patients had a decline in LFPTA >80 dB and were no longer considered candidates for EAS, with 34.7% still retaining low-frequency thresholds ≤80 dB. CNC word scores at 1 year were 69.9% and 61.4% among individuals with and without preserved low-frequency hearing respectively, measured in their CI ear alone, in their regular listening condition of EAS or electric only ( t (32) = 1.13, p = 0.27, d = 0.39, 95% CI = -6.51, 22.86). Device use time did not differ between groups. Among adults with preserved residual hearing at 1 year (n = 16), 44% used EAS, although there was no significant difference in performance between EAS users and nonusers with preserved hearing. Loss of residual hearing over time did not result in a decline in speech perception performance. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated favorable early rates of hearing preservation with a slim modiolar array. Performance was not significantly different in individuals with and without preserved low-frequency acoustic hearing, independent of EAS use. Compared with reports of short electrode use, the loss of residual hearing in patients implanted with this array did not impact speech perception performance.
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Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Percepción del Habla , Adulto , Humanos , Cóclea/cirugía , Audición/fisiología , Audiometría de Tonos Puros , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estimulación Eléctrica , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the frailty phenotype in a population of older adults and determine its association with 1) perioperative complications, 2) need for vestibular rehabilitation after surgery, and 3) early speech perception outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS: Adults older than 65 years undergoing cochlear implantation. INTERVENTIONS: The Fried Frailty Index was used to classify patients as frail, prefrail, or not frail based on five criteria: 1) gait speed, 2) grip strength, 3) unintentional weight loss, 4) weekly physical activity, and 5) self-reported exhaustion. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative falls, need for vestibular rehabilitation, and early speech perception outcomes. RESULTS: Forty-six patients were enrolled in this study. Five patients (10.8%) were categorized as frail and 10 (21.7%) as prefrail. The mean ages of frail, prefrail, and not frail patients were 80.9, 78.8, and 77.5, respectively. There were no intraoperative complications among all groups. Three patients required postoperative vestibular rehabilitation; all were not frail. One postoperative fall occurred in a nonfrail individual. Mean (standard deviation) device use times at 3 months in frail, prefrail, and not frail patients were 7.6 (3.5), 11.1 (3.6), and 11.6 (2.9) hours per day, respectively. Consonant-nucleus-consonant word scores 3 months after surgery in frail, prefrail, and not frail patients were 13% (12.2), 44% (19.7), and 51% (22.4), respectively. The median (range) number of missed follow-up visits (surgeon, audiologist, speech language pathologist combined) was 7 (1-10) in frail patients, compared with a median of 3 (0-4) and 2 (0-5) in prefrail and not frail patients. CONCLUSIONS: Frail patients did not have increased rates of surgical complications, need for vestibular rehabilitation, or postoperative falls. However, frail patients experienced challenges in accessing postoperative care, which may be addressed by using remote programming and rehabilitation.
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Implantación Coclear , Fragilidad , Humanos , Anciano , Fragilidad/complicaciones , Anciano Frágil , Evaluación Geriátrica , Estudios Prospectivos , FenotipoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the natural history of primary inner ear schwannomas over a long follow-up period. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Patients with primary inner ear schwannomas with serial audiometric and radiologic follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patterns of hearing loss, rate of hearing decline, presence of vestibular symptoms, and rate of tumor growth. RESULTS: A total of 12 patients with 13 tumors were identified. The mean duration of follow-up was 7 years. Forty-six percent of tumors were intracochlear, 15% were intravestibular, 23% were transmodiolar, and 15% were intravestibular-cochlear. Hearing loss was the most common presenting symptom, occurring in all patients. Among patients with serviceable hearing (American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Class A or B) at the time of presentation, the average time to decline to a nonserviceable hearing level was 57.3 months (range, 21-117 mo). Hearing loss was sudden in 31% of patients, progressive in 61% and fluctuating in 8%. No patients had intractable vertigo; however, two required vestibular physiotherapy. On initial magnetic resonance imaging, the mean largest tumor dimension was 3.1 mm (standard deviation, 1.2 mm), and the mean largest dimension on most recent magnetic resonance imaging was 4.4 mm (standard deviation, 1.1 mm). Two tumors exhibited no growth over a follow-up of 11.3 and 2.8 years, respectively. Overall, the mean growth was 0.25 mm per year followed. Two patients underwent cochlear implantation with simultaneous tumor resection and had favorable outcomes. CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up suggests a conservative approach, with possible hearing rehabilitation at the time of deterioration, is a safe management strategy for primary inner ear schwannomas.
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Oído Interno , Pérdida Auditiva , Neurilemoma , Neuroma Acústico , Humanos , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Neuroma Acústico/cirugía , Neuroma Acústico/patología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Oído Interno/patología , Neurilemoma/patología , Pérdida Auditiva/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva/cirugía , Pérdida Auditiva/patología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To review the current literature regarding cochlear implantation in patients with retrocochlear pathologies and extract speech perception scores between 6 months and 1 year after surgery. DATABASES REVIEWED: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL via Ovid, CINAHL Complete via Ebsco, and Web of Science. METHODS: The review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Search strategies included keywords and subject headings to maximize retrieval and reflect cochlear implants and retrocochlear pathologies. Patients with previously resected vestibular schwannoma (VS) were excluded. RESULTS: There were 2,524 abstracts screened against inclusion criteria, and 53 studies were included, with individual data available for 171 adult patients. Pathologies included were either observed or irradiated VS (previously operated tumors were excluded) (n = 99, 57.9%), superficial siderosis (n = 39, 22.8%), neurosarcoidosis (n = 11, 6.4%), and previous central nervous system or skull base radiation (n = 22, 12.9%). Mean (standard deviation) postoperative consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) word scores were 45.4% (24.2) for observed VS, 44.4% (20.8) for irradiated VS, 43.6% (21.0) for superficial siderosis, 89.5% (3.0) for neurosarcoidosis, and 30.0% (30.2) in patients with previous central nervous system or skull base irradiation. Irradiated compared with observed VS had similar postoperative CNC word scores (effect size, 0.06; p = 0.71). Age, sex, maximal tumor dimension, and neurofibromatosis type 2 status did not significantly impact cochlear implant performance in patients with VS. Eighty-two percent of patients with reported device usage were daily users, and overall, 82% of cases benefitted from cochlear implantation. CONCLUSION: Cochlear implantation in patients with concomitant retrocochlear pathology generally results in improved speech discrimination scores sustained over time.
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Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Neuroma Acústico , Sarcoidosis , Siderosis , Percepción del Habla , Adulto , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central , Implantación Coclear/métodos , Humanos , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Neuroma Acústico/cirugía , Sarcoidosis/complicaciones , Sarcoidosis/cirugía , Siderosis/complicaciones , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of the transimpedance matrix (TIM) measurement to detect cochlear implant electrode tip foldover by comparing results to a "gold standard," the intraoperative plain film radiograph. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred three patients who underwent cochlear implantation between June 2020 and August 2021. INTERVENTIONS: Intraoperative electrophysiologic monitoring (electrode impedances, neural response telemetry, and TIM measurement) and modified Stenver's view plain film radiographs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of tip foldover on both TIM and plain films. RESULTS: In total, 103 patients (117 ears) had both a TIM measurement and intraoperative X-ray available for review, including 68 adults and 35 children. One hundred patients (85%) received the Cochlear Slim Modiolar electrode. Tip foldovers were noted in three of 117 implants (2.5%). In all cases, TIM was able to detect the foldover, and the electrode arrays were reinserted with the patients still under anesthesia, with repeat X-ray demonstrating a normal configuration. Two other abnormal TIM patterns were identified. One was in a patient with an obstructed cochlea in whom only 10 electrodes could be inserted, the other was in a patient with a common cavity abnormality. One additional patient underwent electrode repositioning intraoperatively because of overinsertion. In this patient, the TIM appeared to be within normal limits, but the over-insertion was apparent on X-ray. Overall, the sensitivity and specificity of TIM measurements in detecting electrode tip foldover were both 100%. CONCLUSION: TIM measurements were able to accurately identify tip foldovers. More research is needed to define the adjunctive role of TIM as an intraoperative measure.
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Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Adulto , Niño , Cóclea/diagnóstico por imagen , Cóclea/cirugía , Implantación Coclear/métodos , Electrodos Implantados , Humanos , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Previous studies comparing hearing outcomes in patients managed with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and a watch-and-wait strategy were limited by small sample sizes that prevented controlling for potential confounders, including initial hearing status, tumor size, and age. OBJECTIVE: To compare hearing outcomes for patients with vestibular schwannomas (VS) managed with observation and SRS while controlling for confounders with propensity score matching. METHODS: Propensity score matching was used to compare 198 patients with unilateral VS with initial serviceable hearing (99 treated with SRS and 99 managed with observation alone) and 116 with initial class A hearing (58 managed with SRS and 58 with observation), matched by initial hearing status, tumor volume, age, and sex. Kaplan-Meier survival methods were used to compare risk of losing class A and serviceable hearing. RESULTS: Between patients with VS managed with SRS or observation alone, there was no significant difference in loss of class A hearing (median time 27.2 months, 95% CI 16.8-43.4, and 29.2 months, 95% CI 20.4-62.5, P = .88) or serviceable hearing (median time 37.7 months, 95% CI 25.7-58.4, and 48.8 months, 95% CI 38.4-86.3, P = .18). For SRS patients, increasing mean cochlear dose was not related to loss of class A hearing (hazard ratio 1.3, P = .17) but was associated with increasing risk of serviceable hearing loss (hazard ratio of 1.5 per increase in Gy, P = .017). CONCLUSION: When controlling for potential confounders, there was no significant difference in loss of class A or serviceable hearing between patients managed with SRS or with observation alone.
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Pérdida Auditiva , Neuroma Acústico , Radiocirugia , Estudios de Seguimiento , Audición , Pérdida Auditiva/cirugía , Pruebas Auditivas , Humanos , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Neuroma Acústico/radioterapia , Neuroma Acústico/cirugía , Radiocirugia/efectos adversos , Radiocirugia/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate outcomes of auditory implants in children with CHARGE syndrome and describe the evolution in management of hearing loss in this complex population. METHODS: A retrospective case review was performed at a tertiary referral center. Children with CHARGE syndrome who received either a cochlear implant (CI) or auditory brainstem implant (ABI) were included. Clinical records, demographic information, CHARGE features, neuroimaging, audiology, hearing rehabilitation interventions, operative notes, and outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS: Thirteen children with CHARGE syndrome underwent a total of 19 cochlear implants between 2008 and 2020. Among the congenitally deafened children (n = 9), six underwent bilateral implantation (five simultaneous and one sequential). Bilateral implantation was performed even in the presence of diminutive-appearing cochlear nerves. The average age of implantation was 1.1 years, and the mean device use time was 9.4 hours per day. Patients showed improvements in subjective family assessment related to hearing. In this group, two patients use oral communication, five use total communication, and two use sign language exclusively. Among the children with progressive hearing loss, the mean age of hearing deterioration was 4.4 years of age, and the device use time on average was 9.8 hours per day. The highest performer in the cohort was a child who lost hearing in their only hearing ear at age 4 and had normal cochleovestibular anatomy on that side. One child received an auditory brainstem implant at age two after deriving no benefit from a CI and can detect environmental sounds but is currently a nonuser. Over time, we noted that implantation occurred earlier in life and that practice has shifted toward bilateral implantation. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to a previous institutional cohort, children evaluated in this study were often implanted at a younger age and bilaterally with significantly improved outcomes. A CI evaluation should be considered in children with CHARGE syndrome to maximize sensory input and auditory ability.
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Síndrome CHARGE , Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Sordera , Pérdida Auditiva , Síndrome CHARGE/complicaciones , Síndrome CHARGE/cirugía , Niño , Preescolar , Implantación Coclear/métodos , Sordera/cirugía , Pérdida Auditiva/cirugía , Humanos , Lactante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: In this study, the authors aimed to clarify the relationship between hearing loss and tumor volumetric growth rates in patients with untreated vestibular schwannoma (VS). METHODS: Records of 128 treatment-naive patients diagnosed with unilateral VS between 2012 and 2018 with serial audiometric assessment and MRI were reviewed. Tumor growth rates were determined from initial and final tumor volumes, with a median follow-up of 24.3 months (IQR 8.5-48.8 months). Hearing changes were based on pure tone averages, speech discrimination scores, and American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery hearing class. Primary outcomes were the loss of class A hearing and loss of serviceable hearing, estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and with associations estimated from Cox proportional hazards models and reported as hazard ratios. RESULTS: Larger initial tumor size was associated with an increased risk of losing class A (HR 1.5 for a 1-cm3 increase; p = 0.047) and serviceable (HR 1.3; p < 0.001) hearing. Additionally, increasing volumetric tumor growth rate was associated with elevated risk of loss of class A hearing (HR 1.2 for increase of 100% per year; p = 0.031) and serviceable hearing (HR 1.2; p = 0.014). Hazard ratios increased linearly with increasing growth rates, without any evident threshold growth rate that resulted in a large, sudden increased risk of hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: Larger initial tumor size and faster tumor growth rates were associated with an elevated risk of loss of class A and serviceable hearing.
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Pérdida Auditiva , Neuroma Acústico , Radiocirugia , Audición , Pérdida Auditiva/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva/cirugía , Pruebas Auditivas/efectos adversos , Humanos , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Neuroma Acústico/diagnóstico por imagen , Neuroma Acústico/patología , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Radiocirugia/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate outcomes following salvage microsurgery (MS) and salvage stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) after failure of primary treatment for vestibular schwannomas (VS). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. METHODS: Patients with more than 1 intervention for their VS were divided into 4 groups: MS followed by SRS (n = 61), MS followed by MS (n = 9), SRS followed by MS (n = 7), and SRS followed by SRS (n = 7), and outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 77 patients were included (84 procedures). In group 1 (MS then SRS), 3% developed a decline in facial function, 3% developed trigeminal sensory loss, and 13% patients had gradual improvement of facial nerve function following SRS. Group 2 (MS then MS) had the highest rates of facial nerve deterioration, although all but 1 patient achieved a House-Brackmann score of II or III. Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 56% of patients. When a different approach was used for salvage resection, GTR occurred more commonly, and facial nerve outcomes were similar. In group 3 (SRS then MS), GTR occurred in 43% of cases, and 2 of 7 patients developed worsened facial function. In group 4 (SRS then SRS), no patient developed facial weakness after reirradiation, and 1 developed a trigeminal nerve deficit. CONCLUSIONS: For MS recurrences/residuals, SRS is the mainstay of treatment and does not preclude facial function recovery. If salvage microsurgery is required, an alternate approach should be considered. For SRS failures, when MS is required, less-than GTR may be preferable, and reirradiation is a potential safe alternative.
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Neuroma Acústico , Radiocirugia , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Neuroma Acústico/radioterapia , Neuroma Acústico/cirugía , Radiocirugia/efectos adversos , Radiocirugia/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Terapia Recuperativa , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe our institutional experience with cochlear implantation (CI) for rehabilitation of hearing loss in Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patients. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review between 1989 and 2019. SETTING: Tertiary-care center. PATIENTS: Twenty-four patients (67% female, mean age 45.6years) with NF2. Management of their ipsilateral vestibular schwannoma included microsurgery (n=12), stereotactic radiation (n=5), and observation (n=7). INTERVENTIONS: Cochlear implantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ability to obtain open-set speech, daily device usage and long-term device benefit. RESULTS: All patients achieved some degree of sound awareness with CI. Nineteen patients (79%) achieved open-set speech understanding with a mean word-recognition score of 43% (range 0-88%). Patients with tumors 1.5 cm or less demonstrated the better speech understanding, without significant differences among treatment modalities. For tumors greater than 1.5 cm, patients who underwent microsurgery had a lower rate of open-set speech understanding compared to those treated with radiation or observation. Regular daily device use in 83% of patients was found. Long-term use (>10years) was observed in several patients, though some ultimately required reimplantation with an auditory brainstem implant due to progressive tumor growth. Mean follow-up duration was 4.1 years (range 0.4-15). CONCLUSIONS: Cochlear implantation can be an effective treatment for hearing loss in NF2 patients provided the cochlear nerve is intact, regardless of prior management for the ipsilateral tumor. The degree of benefit varies and is influenced by tumor size. Management strategies that preserve the cochlear nerve maximize the interval during which a CI could be of benefit to NF2 patients.
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Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Neurofibromatosis 2 , Neuroma Acústico , Percepción del Habla , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neurofibromatosis 2/complicaciones , Neurofibromatosis 2/cirugía , Neuroma Acústico/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe outcomes with cochlear implantation (CI) for rehabilitation of hearing loss in patients with sporadic vestibular schwannomas (VS) and other retrocochlear pathologies. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Tertiary-care center. PATIENTS: Twenty three cases in 19 patients (53% men, mean age 55.8 yr) with non-neurofibromatosis type 2 related retrocochlear pathology. INTERVENTIONS: Unilateral or bilateral CI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Word recognition score, device usage. RESULTS: Etiology of deafness included sporadic VS (nâ=â9, 39%), radiation after head and neck or central nervous system (CNS) malignancy (nâ=â8, 35%), superficial siderosis (nâ=â3, 13%), neurosarcoidosis (nâ=â2, 9%), and pontine stroke (nâ=â1, 4%). Mean follow-up duration was 2.3 years (standard deviation [SD] 3.0; range, 0.2-9.4). Auditory perception was achieved in 20 out of 22 patients (91%) who have been activated. Mean WRS in patients with sporadic VS was 18% (SD 20; range, 0-44). Mean WRS in patients with non-VS retrocochlear pathology was 55% (SD 30; range, 0-94). Data logs showed 7.0âh/d of average use (SD 4.3; range, 0-13). CONCLUSIONS: Appropriately selected patients with retrocochlear pathology may benefit from CI so long as the patient has a cochlear fluid signal and an intact cochlear nerve. Patients with sporadic VS patients and normal contralateral hearing exhibited guarded outcomes with CI, whereas most patients with non-VS retrocochlear pathologies demonstrated open-set speech understanding scores comparable to or slightly worse than conventional CI candidates. Since variable performance benefit is observed with CI in patients with retrocochlear pathology, counseling is imperative to align patient expectations with realistic outcomes.
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Implantación Coclear , Pérdida Auditiva , Neuroma Acústico , Percepción del Habla , Femenino , Pérdida Auditiva/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neuroma Acústico/complicaciones , Neuroma Acústico/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance changes after sequential bilateral cochlear implantation in a pediatric population of bimodal cochlear implant (CI) users. To evaluate the factors which influence the parental and recipient decision to discontinue hearing aid use and seek a second implant. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review, within-subject comparison. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Thirty-one pediatric (<18 yr) bimodal CI users who underwent sequential bilateral CI. INTERVENTIONS: Sequential bilateral CI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Parental and/or recipient's reasons for discontinuing their hearing aid and pursuing a second implant, device usage from datalogs, speech understanding in the bimodal and bilateral CI condition. RESULTS: Parents/patients were motivated to pursue sequential bilateral CI based on their positive performance with CI1, the expectation of further improvement with a second CI, and the prospect of having a second independently functional ear. In the bimodal condition, mean word recognition score (WRS), sentence recognition in quiet (SIQ), and sentence recognition in noise (SIN) scores were 87.4, 97.3, and 92.9% respectively. At 1-year post-sequential bilateral CI, the mean WRS, SIQ, and SIN score were 92.7, 98.7, and 97.7%, respectively. The improvement in bilateral CI speech scores compared with bimodal scores was statistically significant for WRS (pâ=â0.015). A ceiling effect limited the ability to detect further meaningful differences on speech perception testing. CONCLUSIONS: The bilateral CI condition demonstrates equivalent or slightly superior performance compared with the bimodal condition. Several non-speech benefits were elicited from parents as reasons for pursuing a second implant. Close monitoring of the residual acoustic hearing, inquiring about the perceived benefits provided by the HA, and early counseling regarding the potential for sequential bilateral CI are important aspects in determining if and when a second implant is indicated.
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Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Percepción del Habla , Niño , Audición , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe our initial operative experience and hearing preservation results with the Advanced Bionics (AB) Mid Scala Electrode (MSE). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Sixty-three MSE implants in pediatric and adult patients were compared with age- and sex-matched 1j electrode implants from the same manufacturer. All patients were severe to profoundly deaf. INTERVENTION: Cochlear implantation with either the AB 1j electrode or the AB MSE. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The MSE and 1j electrodes were compared in their angular depth of insertion and pre to postoperative change in hearing thresholds. Hearing preservation was analyzed as a function of angular depth of insertion. Secondary outcome measures included operative time, incidence of abnormal intraoperative impedance and telemetry values, and incidence of postsurgical complications. RESULTS: Depth of insertion was similar for both electrodes, but was more consistent for the MSE array and more variable for the 1j array. Patients with MSE electrodes had better hearing preservation. Thresholds shifts at four audiometric frequencies ranging from 250 to 2000âHz were 10, 7, 2, and 6âdB smaller for the MSE electrode than for the 1j (pâ<â0.05). Hearing preservation at low frequencies was worse with deeper insertion, regardless of array. Secondary outcome measures were similar for both electrodes. CONCLUSION: The MSE electrode resulted in more consistent insertion depth and somewhat better hearing preservation than the 1j electrode. Differences in other surgical outcome measures were small or unlikely to have a meaningful effect.
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Cóclea/cirugía , Implantación Coclear/métodos , Implantes Cocleares , Audición/fisiología , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Adulto , Anciano , Preescolar , Femenino , Pruebas Auditivas , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Personas con Deficiencia Auditiva , Periodo Posoperatorio , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Although there are various available treatment options for unilateral severe-to-profound hearing loss, these options do not provide the benefits of binaural hearing since sound is directed from the poorer ear to the better ear. The purpose of this investigation was to review our center's experience with cochlear implantation in such patients in providing improved auditory benefits and useful binaural hearing. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: Twelve adult patients and four pediatric patients with unilateral severe-to-profound hearing loss received an implant in the poorer ear. Outcome measures performed preoperatively on each ear and binaurally included consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) monosyllabic words and sentences in noise. The mean pure-tune average in the better ear was within normal range. RESULTS: Test scores revealed a significant improvement in CNC and sentence in noise test scores from the preoperative to most recent postoperative evaluation in the isolated implant ear. All adult subjects use the device full-time. CONCLUSIONS: The data reveal significant improvement in speech perception performance in quiet and in noise in patients with single-sided deafness after implantation. Performance might depend on factors including length of hearing loss, age at implantation, and device usage.
Asunto(s)
Implantación Coclear , Implantes Cocleares , Lateralidad Funcional/fisiología , Pérdida Auditiva/cirugía , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Audición/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Preservation of residual low-frequency hearing has become a priority in cochlear implantation. The purpose of this study was to compare rates of hearing preservation and effects on performance of loss of low-frequency acoustic hearing with two different length electrodes. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary Care Hospital. PATIENTS: Twelve patients were implanted with the CI422 a slim-straight electrode; the second group consisted of 10 patients implanted with the Hybrid-L, a shorter hearing preservation electrode. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Audiometric thresholds and speech perception measures. RESULTS: At 1 year, 3/10 (30%) patients with the Hybrid-L and 7/12 (58%) patients with the CI422 lost residual acoustic hearing resulting in a profound hearing loss in the implanted ear. In comparing these patients in particular, mean CNC words in the implanted ear were 72% in the CI422 electrode group and 15% in the Hybrid-L electrode group at 1 year (P = 0.03). While hearing preservation rates with the Hybrid-L tended to be better, among recipients who lost residual hearing, speech perception was better in those with the longer CI422 electrode. CONCLUSIONS: With emphasis on preservation of residual hearing, patients need to be counseled regarding possible outcomes and options should loss of residual hearing occur following implantation. While shorter electrodes may have better rates of hearing preservation, the patients with the longer straight electrode in our study had significantly better speech understanding following the loss of residual hearing.
Asunto(s)
Implantación Coclear/instrumentación , Implantes Cocleares/efectos adversos , Pérdida Auditiva/fisiopatología , Habla/fisiología , Adulto , Audiometría del Habla , Implantación Coclear/efectos adversos , Femenino , Pérdida Auditiva/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Percepción del HablaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Pitch plasticity has been observed in Hybrid cochlear implant (CI) users. Does pitch plasticity also occur in bimodal CI users with traditional long-electrode CIs, and is pitch adaptation pattern associated with electrode discrimination or speech recognition performance? The goals of this study were to characterize pitch adaptation patterns in long-electrode CI users, to correlate these patterns with electrode discrimination and speech perception outcomes, and to analyze which subject factors are associated with the different patterns. DESIGN: Electric-to-acoustic pitch matches were obtained in 19 subjects over time from CI activation to at least 12 months after activation, and in a separate group of 18 subjects in a single visit after at least 24 months of CI experience. Audiometric thresholds, electrode discrimination performance, and speech perception scores were also measured. RESULTS: Subjects measured over time had pitch adaptation patterns that fit one of the following categories: (1) "Pitch-adapting," that is, the mismatch between perceived electrode pitch and the corresponding frequency-to-electrode allocations decreased; (2) "Pitch-dropping," that is, the pitches of multiple electrodes dropped and converged to a similar low-pitch; and (3) "Pitch-unchanging," that is, the electrode pitches did not change. Subjects measured after CI experience had a parallel set of adaptation patterns: (1) "Matched-pitch," that is, the electrode pitch was matched to the frequency allocation; (2) "Low-pitch," that is, the pitches of multiple electrodes were all around the lowest frequency allocation; and (3) "Nonmatched-pitch," that is, the pitch patterns were compressed relative to the frequency allocations and did not fit either the matched-pitch or low-pitch categories. Unlike Hybrid CI users which were mostly in the pitch-adapting or matched-pitch category, the majority of bimodal CI users were in the latter two categories, pitch-dropping/low-pitch or pitch-unchanging/nonmatched-pitch. Subjects with pitch-adapting or matched-pitch patterns tended to have better low-frequency thresholds than subjects in the latter categories. Changes in electrode discrimination over time were not associated with changes in pitch differences between electrodes. Reductions in speech perception scores over time showed a weak but nonsignificant association with dropping-pitch patterns. CONCLUSIONS: Bimodal CI users with more residual hearing may have somewhat greater similarity to Hybrid CI users and be more likely to adapt pitch perception to reduce mismatch with the frequencies allocated to the electrodes and the acoustic hearing. In contrast, bimodal CI users with less residual hearing exhibit either no adaptation, or surprisingly, a third pattern in which the pitches of the basal electrodes drop to match the frequency range allocated to the most apical electrode. The lack of association of electrode discrimination changes with pitch changes suggests that electrode discrimination does not depend on perceived pitch differences between electrodes, but rather on some other characteristics such as timbre. In contrast, speech perception may depend more on pitch perception and the ability to distinguish pitch between electrodes, especially since during multielectrode stimulation, cues such as timbre may be less useful for discrimination.