RESUMEN
The efficiency of ultraviolet (UV) light disinfection of wastewater effluent using a large-scale pilot system was studied. The relationship between biofilm and siderophore production and UV doses received by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ATCC 15442 was determined. UV decreased pyoverdine production and enhanced biofilm production. Consequently external factors conditioned by both pyoverdine and biofilm may affect the UV effect on bacterial disinfection.
Asunto(s)
Biopelículas/efectos de la radiación , Desinfección/métodos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/fisiología , Sideróforos/metabolismo , Microbiología del Agua , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Oligopéptidos/metabolismo , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de la radiación , Rayos UltravioletaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Fractures of the zygomatic complex with its accompanying functional and esthetic deficits are a fairly common phenomenon in the practice of maxillofacial and plastic surgery. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review, based on collected data, on the topic of "fractured zygoma". The review is presented under the headings of epidemiology, fracture patterns, treatment modalities and complications. Throughout the paper comparison is made with published data from around the world. METHODS: A 10-year retrospective audit was undertaken of all hospitalized patients, at the department of maxillo facial and plastic surgery in Charles Nicolle Hospital (Tunisia), who had sustained a fractured zygoma from 1995 to 2004. RESULTS: A total of 356 fractures were sustained. Patients in the third decade of life (34%) recorded the highest incidence. The sex distribution is markedly higher for males than for females (9/1). Road traffic accidents (31%) were the predominant etiology. Tetrapod fractures (43.7%) were the most frequent type of fractures followed by zygomatic arch fractures (34.53%). Cases were managed by either closed or open reduction. Percutaneous reduction was the commonest technique employed. However, in unstable fractures necessitated open reduction, transosseous wiring was the most frequently employed fixation. Patients were followed-up routinely, for an average of nine months. Inferior orbital nerve dysfunctions were seen in 8.7% of cases. DISCUSSION: Epidemiological findings are similar to those reported in the literature. Males sustained more fractures than females and road traffic accidents were the commonest cause of zygomatic fractures. Open reduction and internal fixation is advocated for the unstable, markedly displaced or comminuted fractures.
Asunto(s)
Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Fracturas Cigomáticas/epidemiología , Fracturas Cigomáticas/cirugía , Accidentes de Tránsito/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Traumatismos Faciales/epidemiología , Traumatismos Faciales/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios Retrospectivos , Distribución por Sexo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Túnez/epidemiología , Fracturas Cigomáticas/clasificación , Fracturas Cigomáticas/etiologíaRESUMEN
The Authors report a case of cleft interesting the lower lip and mandible with a sternal cleft. This association is exceptional, it was described in three world cases to this day. At this occasion, a review of the literature is realized, in particular concerning the associated malformatives anomalies and the therapeutic behaviour. It seems to us indispensable to realize an early reconstruction, specially bone correction, and to collaborate with a multidisciplinary team to obtain a good result and a better social incorporation of the child.