RESUMEN
Objetivo: En la mujer posmenopáusica se incrementa el riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), asociado a un perfil lipídico aterogénico y a la elevación de la proteína C reactiva ultrasensible (PCRus), marcador proinflamatario considerado importante predictor para estas patologías. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los niveles séricos de PCRus, su relación con el estado nutricional y perfil lipídico en mujeres posmenopáusicas venezolanas. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 61 mujeres, sanas, residenciadas en el Municipio Naguanagua, con edades comprendidas entre 45 y 60 años. Se clasificó estado nutricional según IMC (OMS). Se evaluó PCRus, perfil lipídico y estradiol. Resultados: Los valores promedios de los parámetros bioquímicos fueron: PCRus (3,16±2,0mg/L), colesterol total (249±58mg/dL), c-HDL (42± 10mg/dL), c-LDL (176±55mg/dL), triglicéridos(151±70mg/dL), índices aterogénicos CT/HDL (6,2±1,9) y LDL/HDL (4,5±1,8). El 60,7% de las mujeres presentaron sobrepeso/obesidad. Según PCRus 44,4% en alto riesgo. La relación de riesgo (OR), muestra que la probabilidad de que las mujeres con estado nutricional normal presenten valores del c-LDL en riesgo fue de 0,485 (CI 95%: 0,230-0,999), mientras que en aquellas con sobrepeso/obesidad fue de 1,547 (CI 95%: 1,025-2,335). Se obtuvo correlación entre PCR y CT/HDL (r=0,418; p=0,001). Conclusión: Las mujeres posmenopáusicas evaluadas presentaron alta frecuencia de sobrepeso/obesidad, perfil lipídico aterogénico y PCR en situación de riesgo para ECV.
Objective: In postmenopausal women increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with an atherogenic lipid profile and elevated circulating levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), considered important predictor proinflamatario marker for these diseases. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of hsCRP and their relationship with nutritional state according to index of mass coporal (BMI) and lipid profile in postmenopausal women venezuelans Methods: 61 women were selected, healthy, residing in the municipality Naguanagua, aged between 45 and 60, apparently healthy. Nutritional status was classified according to BMI (WHO). We assessed hsCRP, lipid profile and estradiol. Results: Mean values of biochemical parameters were: hsCRP (3,16±2,0mg/L), total cholesterol (249±58mg/dL), HDL (42 ± 10mg/dL), LDL (176±55mg/dL), triglycerides (151±70mg/dL) and atherogenic index TC/HDL (6,2±1,9) y LDL/HDL (4,5±1,8). 60.7% category overweigh and obesity. 44.4% high risk according to hsCRP. The hazard ratio (OR), shows that the likelihood of women with normal nutritional status presented LDL-c values at risk was 0.485 (CI 95%: 0.230-0.999), while those who were overweight/obesity was 1.547 (CI 95%: 1.025-2.335). There was a significantly positive correlation between CRP and TC/HDL (r=0.418; p=0.001). Conclusions: Postmenopausal women presented a high prevalence of overweight/obesity, atherogenic lipid profile and CRP in risk for CVD.
RESUMEN
Pregnancy in adolescence increases nutritional risk, due to higher demand of nutrients for maternal and fetal growth. This study was aimed to evaluate folate, vitamin B12 and iron status of pregnant adolescents at first trimester of pregnancy. A cross sectional, descriptive study was performed in 122 pregnant adolescents from Valencia, Carabobo state, 1997. Serum and erythrocyte folate and serum vitamin B12 was determined by radioassay; serum ferritin by enzimoimmunoassay; hemoglobin were performed by semi-automated method. Statistical analysis included standard deviation and frequencies. For serum folate 1.7% was found in negative balance and 19.0% at marginal status. For erythrocyte folate, 5.8% was deficient and 1.7% marginal. For serum vitamin B12, 8.3% was deficient and 13.2% marginal. Iron deficiency was found in 19.0% of the adolescents. Prevalence of anemia was of 13.1%, being iron deficiency the main cause. There was high nutritional risk regarding iron status, although iron intakes exceeded the recommendations, but only a small proportion was bioavailable. Prevalence of anemia was lower than reported by other studies and iron deficiency was higher than folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiencies. Pregnant adolescents are at a high biological and nutritional risk.