Effects of Maternal Protein Supplementation at Mid-Gestation of Cows on Intake, Digestibility, and Feeding Behavior of the Offspring.

This study aimed to assess the effects of maternal protein supplementation and offspring sex (OS) on the intake parameters of the offspring. Forty-three Tabapuã cows were randomly allocated in the following treatments: protein supplementation (PS) during days 100-200 of gestation (RES, 5.5% total crude protein (CP), n = 2, or CON, 10% total CP, n = 19) and OS (females, n = 20; males, n = 23). The offspring were evaluated during the cow-calf (0-210 days), backgrounding (255-320 days), growing 1 (321-381 days), and growing 2 (382-445 days) phases. The CON offspring tended to present higher dry matter intake (DMI) at weaning (p = 0.06). The CON males presented lower digestibility of major diet components in the growing 2 phase (p ≤ 0.02). The CON offspring spent 52% more time per day eating supplements at 100 days and 17% less time in idleness at 210 days. The CON males spent 15 min more per day ruminating than RES males in the feedlot phase (p = 0.01). We concluded that protein supplementation over gestation alters the offspring feed intake pattern as a whole, while protein restriction promotes compensatory responses on nutrient digestibility in males.

Performance and feed efficiency of beef cattle fed high energy diet with probiotic consortium technology / Desempenho e eficiência alimentar de bovinos de corte alimentados com dieta de alto nível energético recebendo a tecnologia do consórcio probiótico

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic consortium on feed intake, feeding behavior, feed efficiency, fecal score, weight gain and carcass traits in finishing Nellore heifers fed high energy diets in feedlot. Twenty-four Nellore heifers were distributed in 12 pens with two animals each, being six pens per treatment. In the control treatment (CON) the animals were fed exclusively with the base diet, which contained 35% corn silage and 65% concentrate. In the treatment with probiotic consortium technology (TCP), the animals received the base diet and a single dose of 75 mL/animal/day of Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) top-dressed in the morning feeding. There was no period of adaptation to the diet. The experiment lasted 93 days. The use of TCP did not affect (P = 0.980) the dry matter intake. The average daily gain was 12.5% greater (P = 0.025) in the animals treated with TCP (0.941 kg/day for TCP versus 0.834 kg/day for CON). The animals that received TCP improved (P = 0.021) the feed efficiency by 12.6%. The animals that received TCP tended to have a better (P = 0.094) fecal score within the first 27 days of feedlot. There were no significant effects of TCP on the feeding behavior and carcass traits. Based on the results, there is a great potential of using TCP to improve productivity in beef cattle.(AU)

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do consórcio probiótico sobre consumo de alimento, comportamento alimentar, eficiência alimentar, escore fecal, ganho de peso e características de carcaça na terminação em confinamento de novilhas Nelore alimentadas com dieta de alta energia. Vinte e quatro novilhas da raça Nelore foram distribuídas em 12 baias com dois animais cada, sendo seis baias para cada tratamento. A dieta base continha 35% de silagem de milho e 65% de concentrado. No tratamento controle (CON) os animais foram alimentados exclusivamente com a dieta base. No tratamento com tecnologia de consórcio probiótico (TCP), os animais receberam, além da dieta base, uma dose única de 75 mL/animal/dia de Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) sobre a ração na alimentação matinal. Nenhum período de adaptação à dieta foi realizado. O período experimental durou 93 dias. O uso de TCP não alterou (P = 0,980) o consumo de matéria seca em relação ao CON. O ganho médio diário foi 12,5% maior (P = 0,025) nos animais tratados com TCP (0,941 kg/dia para TCP versus 0,834 kg/dia para CON). Os animais que receberam TCP melhoraram (P = 0,021) a eficiência alimentar em 12,6%. Os animais que receberam TCP tenderam a ter melhor (P = 0,094) escore fecal nos primeiros 27 dias de confinamento. Não houve efeitos significativos da TCP sobre o comportamento alimentar e características de carcaça. Com base nos resultados observados nesse estudo, existe um grande potencial de utilização do TCP para melhorar a produtividade em bovinos de corte.(AU)

Performance and feed efficiency of beef cattle fed high energy diet with probiotic consortium technology / Desempenho e eficiência alimentar de bovinos de corte alimentados com dieta de alto nível energético recebendo a tecnologia do consórcio probiótico

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic consortium on feed intake, feeding behavior, feed efficiency, fecal score, weight gain and carcass traits in finishing Nellore heifers fed high energy diets in feedlot. Twenty-four Nellore heifers were distributed in 12 pens with two animals each, being six pens per treatment. In the control treatment (CON) the animals were fed exclusively with the base diet, which contained 35% corn silage and 65% concentrate. In the treatment with probiotic consortium technology (TCP), the animals received the base diet and a single dose of 75 mL/animal/day of Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) top-dressed in the morning feeding. There was no period of adaptation to the diet. The experiment lasted 93 days. The use of TCP did not affect (P = 0.980) the dry matter intake. The average daily gain was 12.5% greater (P = 0.025) in the animals treated with TCP (0.941 kg/day for TCP versus 0.834 kg/day for CON). The animals that received TCP improved (P = 0.021) the feed efficiency by 12.6%. The animals that received TCP tended to have a better (P = 0.094) fecal score within the first 27 days of feedlot. There were no significant effects of TCP on the feeding behavior and carcass traits. Based on the results, there is a great potential of using TCP to improve productivity in beef cattle.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do consórcio probiótico sobre consumo de alimento, comportamento alimentar, eficiência alimentar, escore fecal, ganho de peso e características de carcaça na terminação em confinamento de novilhas Nelore alimentadas com dieta de alta energia. Vinte e quatro novilhas da raça Nelore foram distribuídas em 12 baias com dois animais cada, sendo seis baias para cada tratamento. A dieta base continha 35% de silagem de milho e 65% de concentrado. No tratamento controle (CON) os animais foram alimentados exclusivamente com a dieta base. No tratamento com tecnologia de consórcio probiótico (TCP), os animais receberam, além da dieta base, uma dose única de 75 mL/animal/dia de Bio Ciclo Completo (Global Saúde Brasil) sobre a ração na alimentação matinal. Nenhum período de adaptação à dieta foi realizado. O período experimental durou 93 dias. O uso de TCP não alterou (P = 0,980) o consumo de matéria seca em relação ao CON. O ganho médio diário foi 12,5% maior (P = 0,025) nos animais tratados com TCP (0,941 kg/dia para TCP versus 0,834 kg/dia para CON). Os animais que receberam TCP melhoraram (P = 0,021) a eficiência alimentar em 12,6%. Os animais que receberam TCP tenderam a ter melhor (P = 0,094) escore fecal nos primeiros 27 dias de confinamento. Não houve efeitos significativos da TCP sobre o comportamento alimentar e características de carcaça. Com base nos resultados observados nesse estudo, existe um grande potencial de utilização do TCP para melhorar a produtividade em bovinos de corte.

Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), external morphometrics and fertility in Tabapuã cows.

The intense selection of characteristics related to animal performance may affect the reproductive efficiency of beef cows negatively. Selection for fertility along with production traits is, therefore, readily justifiable. The objective of the present study was to evaluate possible relationships among AFC, serum AMH concentrations and external morphometrics with reproductive efficiency in Tabapuã (a Brazilian Bos indicus beef breed) females. Antral follicle counts and external morphometrics were measured in nulliparous (n = 162), primiparous (n = 80) and multiparous (n = 351) cows, from four farms. Age at first parturition (AFP), parturition interval (PI), maternal ability (MA), precocity, rusticity and survival (PRS) and overall reproductive efficiency (RE) were evaluated according to the Brazilian Association of Zebu Breeders (ABCZ) data bank indexes. A single blood sample per animal was collected at random stages of the reproductive cycle from a subset of animals (nulliparous = 84, primiparous and multiparous = 136) to determine serum AMH concentrations. The AFC classes were defined as lesser (<28), intermediate (28-50) and greater (>50). Correlations between all variables and the effects of parity and AFC on reproductive traits, AMH and external genitalia size were analyzed by the PROCORR and by the PROCGENMOD procedures of SAS® (SAS, Cary, NC, USA), respectively. Antral follicle count did not differ (P = 0.71) among nulliparous (38.6 ±â€¯23.96) primiparous (47.54 ±â€¯26.16) and multiparous (41.08 ±â€¯25) cows and was negatively correlated with pregnancy interval (PI), such that, as PI decreased (r = -0.28; P < 0.005), AFC increased. Vulva width was not affected (P = 0.08) by parity and was larger (P < 0.05) for females in the greater AFC class (8.81 ±â€¯0.12 cm) compared with the intermediate (8.42 ±â€¯0.11 cm) and lesser (8.38 ±â€¯0.13 cm) classes. As vulva width increased, parturition interval decreased (r = -0.15; P < 0.005) and overall reproductive efficiency increased (r = 0.17, p < 0.005). Thoracic depth was associated with greater AFCs (r = 0.10; P < 0.001). Anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) for animals in the greater AFC class (1.15 ±â€¯0.09 ng/mL) compared with the lesser (0.44 ±â€¯0.02 ng/mL) and intermediate (0.73 ±â€¯0.05 ng/mL) classes. Vulva width, AFC, external morphometrics and AMH concentrations were moderately associated, considering the low heritability of fertility traits, and should be studied further to be considered in the selection for fertility in Bos indicus cattle.