Metabolic control level and glucose variability in adolescents with type 1 diabetes during low and high-intensity exercise.

OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to characterize the determinants of metabolic changes in young type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and to determine glycemic variability during low and high-intensity exercise. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 20 young male T1DM patients were divided into two subgroups characterized by levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c): HbA1c<7.3% (better HbA1c subgroup, n=10) and with levels HbA1c>7.3% (worse HbA1c subgroup, n=10). All participants performed a maximal oxygen uptake test and two efforts of various intensities (45 minutes of aerobic exercise and 30 minutes of mixed aerobic-anaerobic intensity exercise). Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) were used to control the glucose concentration. RESULTS: Changes in biomarkers describing the metabolic response were similar in both groups. A comparison of applied efforts exhibited that maximal capacity effort resulted in the highest values of blood glucose (BG) at the end (150.9-160.6 mg/dl) and 1 hour after the exercise (140.2-161.3 mg/dl). BG concentration before, during, 1 hour, and 24 hours after each exercise was insignificantly higher in the worse Hb1Ac group. CONCLUSIONS: HbA1c levels are insufficient to confirm whether the applied effort is performed in acceptable glycemic values. The CGM monitors allow for precise control of BG variations and accurate planning of physical activity by adjusting the insulin and carbohydrate consumption dose.

Viral folliculitis. Atypical presentations of herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and molluscum contagiosum.

BACKGROUND: Viral folliculitis is an infrequently reported entity. The patients described herein were seen over a 12-year period of practice in a referral dermatologic setting. The cases involve a variety of viral infections limited to the hair follicle. OBSERVATIONS: We describe 5 patients with a variety of viral folliculitides: 2 with herpetic sycosis caused by herpes simplex; 1 with herpex simplex folliculitis (this patient also had human immunodeficiency virus); 1 with herpes zoster without blisters; and 1 with molluscum contagiosum. CONCLUSIONS: These 5 cases demonstrate that viral folliculitis has varied causes and presentations. Clinicians should consider viral agents in the differential diagnosis of superficial infectious folliculitis, especially in cases that are refractory to antibacterial or antifungal therapy.

[Subpopulations of T and B lymphocytes in venous peripheral blood and blood draining from lesions in patients with gastroduodenal ulcer, and gastric and colonic cancer]. / Subpopulacje limfocytów T i B we krwi zylnej obwodowej i drenujacej zmiane u chorych na chorobe wrzodowa zoladka i dwunastnicy oraz raka zoladka i jelita grubego.

In 30 patients with gastric and colonic cancer and 30 patients with gastroduodenal ulcer treated in a surgery department the absolute number and per cent of leucocytes, number of lymphocytes, active T-rosettes, B-cells, T-cells, populations of helper T-cells, suppressor T-cells, and T4/T8 ratio were determined in peripheral venous blood and venous blood draining the lesion. On the basis of these studies it was found that in patients with gastroduodenal ulcer and gastric and colonic cancer a decrease occurs of the number of immunocompetent cells, particularly of T-cells and helper T-cells. In patients with cancer a decrease was observed in the region of tumour particularly of the size of helper B and T-cells populations.