RESUMEN
The copper-indium-sulfide (CIS) ternary colloids were synthesized in "green" water solvent at room temperature employing mercapto-alkyl carboxylic linker molecules such as thioglycolic acid (TGA), thioacetic acid (TAA), 2-mercaptopropionic acid (2-MPA) and l-cysteine (Cys). The stability of the CIS colloids is strongly influenced by the structures of linker molecules, and short linker molecules induce strong adsorption of the CIS colloids on the TiO2, exhibiting strong visible-light absorption and high photo-conductivities. Effects of linker molecules capping CIS colloids on the solar cell performances were demonstrated. The solar cell performances for the CIS-TiO2 improve as an increase of photo-conductivity of the CIS-TiO2 electrodes. In particular, the CIS(TAA)-TiO2 photoelectrode employing the shortest linker molecules (TAA) exhibited the highest PCE yielding with 6.33% (short-circuit current: 14.0â¯mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage: 0.91â¯V and fill factor: 48.0%).
RESUMEN
We succeeded in inducing conjugation of Spirogyra castanacea by incubating algal filaments on agar plate. Conjugation could be induced using clone culture. The scalariform conjugation was generally observed, while lateral conjugation was rarely. When two filaments formed scalariform conjugation, all cells of one filament behaved as male and those of other filament did as female. Very rarely, however, zygospores were formed in both of pair filaments. The surface of conjugation tube was stained with fluorescently labeled-lectins, such as Bandeiraea (Griffonia) simplicifolia lectin (BSL-I) and jacalin. BSL-I strongly stained the conjugation tubes, while weakly did the cell surface of female gamete first and then that of male gamete. Jacalin stained mainly the conjugation tubes. Addition of jacalin inhibited the formation of papilla, suggesting some important role of jacalin-binding material at the initial step of formation of the conjugation tubes.