RESUMEN
Captopril was tested for pharmacokinetics. Its hypotensive effect was compared with plasma renin activity (PRA) and blood captopril levels in single and prolonged administrations of its various doses in 58 hypertensive patients. When a single dose (25 mg) of captopril was given, a relationship was found between its hypotensive effect and higher blood concentration, baseline PRA. The detection rate of its antihypertensive effect was not related to the baseline PRA. The efficient and safe dose of captopril was shown to be 75-150 mg daily, maintaining its blood concentration within ranges of 75-175 ng/ml.
Asunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Captopril/administración & dosificación , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Captopril/farmacocinética , Captopril/farmacología , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Renina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Renina/sangreRESUMEN
Nifedipine and verapamil (10 mg/kg orally) were found to induce a significant increase of renin activity, a decrease of aldosterone and ionized calcium levels in blood plasma in spontaneously hypertensive rats. A preliminary administration of a hypertonic solution of sodium chloride decreased renin activity, ionized calcium and aldosterone levels that contributed to the enhancement of the hypotensive effect of calcium antagonists. It was established that nifedipine by its effect on the parameters of hemodynamics and the condition of renin-angiotensin system as well as the blood plasma ionized calcium level is superior to verapamil.
Asunto(s)
Aldosterona/sangre , Calcio/sangre , Hemodinámica/efectos de los fármacos , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Nifedipino/uso terapéutico , Renina/sangre , Verapamilo/uso terapéutico , Animales , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Hipertensión/sangre , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Iones , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas SHR , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
A single dose of capoten (25 mg) and prazosin (I mg) was given to 82 patients with stable pulmonary hypertension and chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases and to 34 patients with the above condition and arterial hypertension. Systolic and diastolic pressure in the system of the pulmonary artery and total pulmonary and total peripheral resistance were decreased; capoten exhibited more pronounced hypotensive effect. Unidirectional changes were revealed in the course treatment. Combined use of capoten, prazosin and euphilline produced the additional hypotensive effect on pulmonary circulation. Capoten and prazosin had no direct broncholytic effect.