BONE QUALITY IN A YOUNG COHORT OF HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS.

CONTEXT: In HIV+ patients, several factors related to patient and antiretroviral therapy (ART) could determine early onset of bone mineral density (BMD) disturbances. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of bone quality according to gender in patients from the HIV Romanian cohort. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study in "Prof. Dr. Matei Bals" National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest between 2016-2018. SUBJECT AND METHODS: We collected data regarding HIV infection, ART history, viral hepatitis co-infections and we calculated patients body mass index (BMI). CD4 cell count, HIV viral load (VL), vitamin-D levels were determined. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were used to evaluate BMD. RESULTS: We enrolled 97 patients with the median age of 26 years. According to the DXA T-scores, 10 males and 8 females had osteopenia and 4 males and 4 females had osteoporosis. According to Z-scores 2 males and 1 female had osteoporosis. Hip DXA T-scores revealed osteopenia in 6 males and 9 females, whereas T and Z-scores showed osteoporosis in 2 males and 3 females. Lumbar spine (LS) T-score diagnosed osteopenia in 9 males and 6 females, while T and Z-scores revealed osteoporosis in 3 males and females. In males, low T-scores were associated with decreased BMI; low LS DXA Z-scores with low vitamin-D levels; low T and Z-scores and LS-BMD with high VL. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluating bone quality in patients with a long history of HIV infection, multiple factors should be taken into account.

Special forms in twin pregnancy - ACARDIAC TWIN/ Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence.

UNLABELLED: Twin pregnancy generally represents a high-risk pregnancy, but monozygous twin pregnancy is a real challenge for the obstetrician due to the serious complications that may occur during its evolution. A very rare, severe complication of monozygous twin pregnancy, which we recently dealt with in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, was a monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancy with acardiac twin (TRAP). One of the fetuses (acardiac twin) presented a rudimentary unfunctional heart or even no heart at all, underdeveloped inferior part of the body and head, being transfused by the other fetus with a normal heart (pumping twin) by one superficial arterio-arterial anastomosis through which blood pumped backwards. The understanding of these cases is mandatory in order to offer maximum survival and heath chances to the viable fetus. ABBREVIATIONS: RFA = radiofrequency ablation, TRAP = reversed arterial perfusion.

Special forms in twin pregnancy - asymmetric conjoined twins.

Twin pregnancies generally represent a high-risk pregnancy. However, monozygous twins are real challenges for obstetricians due to the complications that may occur. Among the particular cases of monozygous twins in the University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, a monochorial monoamniotic pregnancy with conjoined twins has been described. These particular medical circumstances require a deeper understanding of the vascular anatomical particularities. An accurate diagnosis implies a most detailed description of the morphological dynamics of the fetuses with the study of the impact of the vascular anomaly on their development so that the maximum chances of survival and the best outcome for the viable fetus can be obtained. The diagnosis of the most frequently associated anomalies is also extremely important.

The class II/1 anomaly of hereditary etiology vs. thumb-sucking etiology.

RATIONALE: The etiology of class II division 1 Angle anomaly comprises many entities, including heredity and the vicious habit of sucking the finger. A close connection between the etiology and the clinical features needs to be outlined, in order to have a more appropriate treatment approach. AIM: This study aims to find common clinical features for two groups of Class II division 1 etiological factors (heredity and the vicious habit of sucking the finger), outlining a characteristic dento-facial pattern for each etiological factor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 160 orthodontic cases were studied, taken randomly from the Department of Orthodontics in "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, between 2005 and 2011. From a total of 46 diagnosed with Class II/1, the following data were noted for each subject in a table: age, sex, etiology, facial symmetry, profile, size of the lower face, stage lip, labiomentonier ditch, menton, form of arches, palate, occlusion in the three plans, Spee curve, other dental anomalies. DISCUSSIONS: The facial asymmetry was found in a greater proportion within the finger-sucking group. Subjects in the finger sucking group have 100% pronounced convex profile, with pronounced lip stage and sharp curve of Spee, being known that the thumb-sucking stops the mandible growth and stimulates the upper jaw protrusion. CONCLUSIONS: The predominant etiological factor is heredity and the clinical features obvious for II/1 Angle anomaly are present in the highest proportion in the thumb-sucking group, but no significant differences were observed between the groups studied according to etiology.

The influence of some cations on PAF-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.

We investigated the influences of Li2CO3 1 g/kg i.p., MgSO4 1 g/kg i.p. and Zinc acexamate 100 mg/kg p.o. on gastric lesions induced by Platelet Activating Factor (PAF), 2 micrograms/kg i.v. in rats. Our data show that, Li+ has no a significant influence, while Mg2+ decrease significantly the PAF induced gastric lesions.

Influence of cloprostenol in the experimentally induced ulcer in rats.

We have tested the action of cloprostenol a relatively stable analogue of PGF2 alpha in experimentally induced gastric ulcer in rats by contention stress or indomethacin. Our results show that CIPG, administered at higher doses than those inducing an luteolytic effect, has a gastroprotective effect both in the contention stress-induced ulcer (2.30 + 0.26 in series III as compared to 3.80 +/- 0.73 in series III, p < 0.01) and in indomethacin-induced ulcer (2.69 +/- 0.38 in series V as compared to 3.61 +/- 0.34 in series IV, p < 0.01).

[Pharmacological studies of sulbactam and its association with semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotics]. / Cercetari farmacologice asupra sulbactamei si asocierii sale cu unele antibiotice beta-lactamice de semisinteza.

The acute toxicity, local tolerance and pharmacokinetic properties of sulbactame manufactured by the Iasi Antibiotic Investigation Centre, alone or in association with ampicillin or amoxicillin were tested. Some tests were made comparatively with the product Unasyn--Pfizer. The obtained data show that this beta-lactamase inhibitor has a low toxicity--DL50 i.p. in mice over 4,000 mg/kg, both alone or associated with the two semisynthetic beta-lactamic antibiotics. The local tolerance is good and the serum levels of the above mentioned associations are above towards the tested bacteria and are similar or very close to those of Unasyn. It is believed that the therapeutical use of the association sulbactame + ampicillin or sulbactame + amoxicillin is very useful in the beta-lactamase producing germs infection.