Biomechanical evaluation of a new femoral stem design for total hip replacement in a canine model.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biomechanical properties of a novel total hip replacement femoral stem. METHODS: Eight pairs of femurs from dog cadavers were used. The femurs were separated into different groups. A novel femoral stem with a convex proximal portion (Stem B) was biomechanically evaluated and compared to awell-known veterinary collared stem (Stem A). Femoral stems were inserted into the contralateral femurs from the same dog, forming 16 constructs. A flexo-compression load was applied on the axial axis of each sample. Maximum strength, deflection, stiffness, and energy absorption were analysed. RESULTS: Group B constructs showed significantly higher values (p ? 0.05) for the variables, except stiffness. The mean maximum strength was 1,347 ± 357 N for Group A and 1,805 ± 123 N for Group B (p ? 0.0069). The mean deflection was5.54 ± 2.63 mm for Group A and 10.03 ± 3.99 mm for Group B (p ? 0.0056). For the energy variable, the force was 6,203 ± 3,488 N/mm for Group A and 12,885 ± 5,056 N/mm for Group B (p ? 0.0054). Stem B had greater maximum strength, deflection, and energy. CONCLUSIONS: The new stem was effective in neutralizing the impact of axial flexion-compression stresses during biomechanical tests in cadaveric models.

Heart structure, serum cholesterol, and adiposity of rats treated with a hypercaloric diet: effectiveness of Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck and swimming / Estrutura cardíaca, colesterol sérico e adiposidade de ratos submetidos a dieta hipercalórica: eficácia da Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck e da natação

This study evaluated the effects of the herbal medicine red orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and swimming for 84 days on the animal, heart, and abdominal fat weight and the histomorphometric aspects of heart and total cholesterol of Wistar rats. The rats were divided into seven experimental groups of 12 animals each, consisting of a normocaloric diet (Dn), hypercaloric diet (Dh), normocaloric diet and herbal medicine (DnH), hypercaloric diet and herbal medicine (DhH), normocaloric diet and swimming (DnS), hypercaloric diet and swimming (DhS), and hypercaloric diet, swimming, and herbal medicine (DhSH). The data were analyzed statistically by the Tukey test and considered significant when p < 0.05. Groups treated with the normocaloric diet had lower abdominal fat weight. The normocaloric diet and herbal medicine (DnH) provided the smallest thickness of the right ventricle. The hypercaloric diet (Dh) reduced the number of cardiomyocytes and the perimeter of cardiac muscle fibers. Swimming and the red orange extract acted synergistically by reducing the deleterious effects of the hypercaloric diet and increasing the thickness of the cardiac chambers and the number of cardiomyocytes. Only the supplementation with the red orange extract did not reduce abdominal fat in rats treated with a hypercaloric diet. Therefore, red orange alone did not promote beneficial changes in the studied data, but its association with swimming increased the number of cardiomyocytes and thickness of muscle fibers, which could contribute to preventing cardiovascular diseases and maintaining health, as well as the regular swimming and a normocaloric diet, which provided less adiposity.(AU)

Este estudo avaliou os efeitos do fitoterápico Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck e da natação durante 84 dias sobre o peso dos animais, do coração e da gordura abdominal e aspectos histomorfométricos do coração e colesterol total de ratos Wistar. Sete grupos experimentais, de 12 animais cada, que consistiram em dieta normocalórica (Dn), hipercalórica (Dh), dieta normocalórica e fitoterápico (DnF), dieta hipercalórica e fitoterápico (DhF), dieta normocalórica e natação (DnN), dieta hipercalórica e natação (DhN), e dieta hipercalórica, natação e fitoterápico (DhNF). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste de Tukey e considerados significativos quando p < 0,05. Os grupos tratados com dieta normocalórica tiveram menor peso da gordura abdominal. A dieta normocalórica e fitoterápico (grupo DnF) proporcionou menor espessura do ventrículo direito. A dieta hipercalórica (Dh) reduziu o número de cardiomiócitos e o perímetro das fibras musculares cardíacas. A natação e o extrato de laranja agiram de forma sinérgica ao reduzir os efeitos deletérios da dieta hipercalórica e aumentou a espessura das câmaras cardíacas e o número de cardiomiócitos. Somente a suplementação com extrato de laranja vermelha não reduziu a gordura abdominal em ratos tratados com dieta rica em calorias. Conclui-se que a laranja vermelha sozinha não promoveu alterações benéficas nos dados estudados, entretanto, associada com a natação, promoveu aumento no número de cardiomiócitos e espessura das fibras musculares, o que poderia contribuir com a prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares e a manutenção da saúde, assim como a prática regular de natação e dieta normocalórica, que proporcionaram uma menor adiposidade.(AU)

Heart structure, serum cholesterol, and adiposity of rats treated with a hypercaloric diet: effectiveness of Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck and swimming / Estrutura cardíaca, colesterol sérico e adiposidade de ratos submetidos a dieta hipercalórica: eficácia da Citrus sinensis (L) Osbeck e da natação

This study evaluated the effects of the herbal medicine red orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and swimming for 84 days on the animal, heart, and abdominal fat weight and the histomorphometric aspects of heart and total cholesterol of Wistar rats. The rats were divided into seven experimental groups of 12 animals each, consisting of a normocaloric diet (Dn), hypercaloric diet (Dh), normocaloric diet and herbal medicine (DnH), hypercaloric diet and herbal medicine (DhH), normocaloric diet and swimming (DnS), hypercaloric diet and swimming (DhS), and hypercaloric diet, swimming, and herbal medicine (DhSH). The data were analyzed statistically by the Tukey test and considered significant when p < 0.05. Groups treated with the normocaloric diet had lower abdominal fat weight. The normocaloric diet and herbal medicine (DnH) provided the smallest thickness of the right ventricle. The hypercaloric diet (Dh) reduced the number of cardiomyocytes and the perimeter of cardiac muscle fibers. Swimming and the red orange extract acted synergistically by reducing the deleterious effects of the hypercaloric diet and increasing the thickness of the cardiac chambers and the number of cardiomyocytes. Only the supplementation with the red orange extract did not reduce abdominal fat in rats treated with a hypercaloric diet. Therefore, red orange alone did not promote beneficial changes in the studied data, but its association with swimming increased the number of cardiomyocytes and thickness of muscle fibers, which could contribute to preventing cardiovascular diseases and maintaining health, as well as the regular swimming and a normocaloric diet, which provided less adiposity.

Este estudo avaliou os efeitos do fitoterápico Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck e da natação durante 84 dias sobre o peso dos animais, do coração e da gordura abdominal e aspectos histomorfométricos do coração e colesterol total de ratos Wistar. Sete grupos experimentais, de 12 animais cada, que consistiram em dieta normocalórica (Dn), hipercalórica (Dh), dieta normocalórica e fitoterápico (DnF), dieta hipercalórica e fitoterápico (DhF), dieta normocalórica e natação (DnN), dieta hipercalórica e natação (DhN), e dieta hipercalórica, natação e fitoterápico (DhNF). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste de Tukey e considerados significativos quando p < 0,05. Os grupos tratados com dieta normocalórica tiveram menor peso da gordura abdominal. A dieta normocalórica e fitoterápico (grupo DnF) proporcionou menor espessura do ventrículo direito. A dieta hipercalórica (Dh) reduziu o número de cardiomiócitos e o perímetro das fibras musculares cardíacas. A natação e o extrato de laranja agiram de forma sinérgica ao reduzir os efeitos deletérios da dieta hipercalórica e aumentou a espessura das câmaras cardíacas e o número de cardiomiócitos. Somente a suplementação com extrato de laranja vermelha não reduziu a gordura abdominal em ratos tratados com dieta rica em calorias. Conclui-se que a laranja vermelha sozinha não promoveu alterações benéficas nos dados estudados, entretanto, associada com a natação, promoveu aumento no número de cardiomiócitos e espessura das fibras musculares, o que poderia contribuir com a prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares e a manutenção da saúde, assim como a prática regular de natação e dieta normocalórica, que proporcionaram uma menor adiposidade.