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1.
Biosci Microbiota Food Health ; 43(4): 352-358, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39364130

RESUMEN

Single-strain Bifidobacterium species are commonly used as probiotics with low birth weight neonates. However, the effectiveness and safety of multi-strain Bifidobacterium supplementation are not well known. Thirty-six neonates weighing less than 2,000 g (558-1,943 g) at birth and admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit were randomly assigned to receive a single strain or triple strains of Bifidobacterium with lactulose enterally for 4 weeks from birth. The relative abundances of Staphylococcus and Bifidobacterium in the fecal microbiota at weeks 1, 2, and 4 were investigated. Based on the study results, no significant difference was detected between the two groups in the abundance of Staphylococcus; however, the triple-strain group had significantly high abundances of Bifidobacterium at weeks 2 and 4. The fecal microbiota in the triple-strain group had significantly lower alpha diversity (Bifidobacterium-enriching) after week 4 and was different from that in the single-strain group, which showed a higher abundance of Clostridium. No severe adverse events occurred in either group during the study period. Although no significant difference was detected between single- and multi-strain bifidobacteria supplementation in the colonization of Staphylococcus in the fecal microbiota of the neonates, multi-strain bifidobacteria supplementation contributed toward early enrichment of the microbiota with bifidobacteria and suppression of other pathogenic bacteria, such as Clostridium spp.

5.
Front Immunol ; 13: 853008, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35273620

RESUMEN

Although the introduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors represented a significant advance in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), traditional anti-TNFα antibodies are somewhat immunogenic, and their use results in the formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and loss of efficacy (secondary failure). Ozoralizumab is a trivalent, bispecific NANOBODY® compound that differs structurally from IgGs. In this study we investigated the suppressant effect of ozoralizumab and adalimumab, an anti-TNFα IgG, on arthritis and induction of ADAs in human TNF transgenic mice. Ozoralizumab markedly suppressed arthritis progression and did not induce ADAs during long-term administration. We also developed an animal model of secondary failure by repeatedly administering adalimumab and found that switching from adalimumab to ozoralizumab was followed by superior anti-arthritis efficacy in the secondary-failure animal model. Moreover, ozoralizumab did not form large immune complexes that might lead to ADA formation. The results of our studies suggest that ozoralizumab, which exhibited low immunogenicity in the animal model used and has a different antibody structure from that of IgGs, is a promising candidate for the treatment of RA patients not only at the onset of RA but also during secondary failure of anti-TNFα treatment.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Artritis Reumatoide , Adalimumab/farmacología , Adalimumab/uso terapéutico , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/farmacología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/uso terapéutico , Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G , Ratones , Ratones Transgénicos , Inhibidores del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral
7.
Commun Biol ; 2: 86, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30854478

RESUMEN

Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. The differentiation of osteoclasts from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) is induced by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a decoy receptor of RANKL, inhibits osteoclastogenesis by blocking RANKL signaling. Here we investigated the degradation of OPG in vitro. Osteoclasts, but not BMMs, secreted OPG-degrading enzymes. Using mass spectrometry and RNA-sequencing analysis, we identified high-temperature requirement A serine peptidase 1 (HtrA1) as an OPG-degrading enzyme. HtrA1 did not degrade OPG pre-reduced by dithiothreitol, suggesting that HtrA1 recognizes the three-dimensional structure of OPG. HtrA1 initially cleaved the amide bond between leucine 90 and glutamine 91 of OPG, then degraded OPG into small fragments. Inhibitory activity of OPG on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis was suppressed by adding HtrA1 in RAW 264.7 cell cultures. These results suggest that osteoclasts potentially prepare a microenvironment suitable for osteoclastogenesis. HtrA1 may be a novel drug target for osteoporosis.


Asunto(s)
Huesos/metabolismo , Microambiente Celular , Serina Peptidasa A1 que Requiere Temperaturas Altas/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Animales , Células de la Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular , Células Cultivadas , Microambiente Celular/genética , Serina Peptidasa A1 que Requiere Temperaturas Altas/genética , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Ratones , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteogénesis/genética , Osteoprotegerina/genética , Proteolisis , Análisis de Secuencia de ARN
8.
J Infect Chemother ; 25(8): 630-634, 2019 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30902556

RESUMEN

Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) is one of the many toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus. In Japan, PVL-positive S. aureus strains are mainly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Data regarding PVL-positive methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) are scarce. In this report, we describe a case of severe infection by PVL-positive MSSA. A 12-year-old healthy girl was admitted with high fever and pain in the lower back. Computed tomography revealed a diagnosis of psoitis and multiple venous thromboses. Blood cultures obtained after admission revealed infection with MSSA. Her fever continued despite adequate antibiotic therapy. On the fifth hospitalization day, she developed bladder dysfunction, and an abscess was noted near the third lumbar vertebra. She underwent an emergency operation and recovered. Bacterial analyses revealed that the causative MSSA was a PVL-producing single variant of ST8 (related to USA300clone), of sequence type 2149. PVL is known to cause platelet activation. This case demonstrates the need for detailed analyses of the causative strain of bacteria in cases of S. aureus infection with deep vein thrombosis, even in cases of known MSSA infection.


Asunto(s)
Toxinas Bacterianas/efectos adversos , Exotoxinas/efectos adversos , Leucocidinas/efectos adversos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/patogenicidad , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/complicaciones , Trombosis de la Vena/etiología , Trombosis de la Vena/microbiología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Japón , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología , Trombosis de la Vena/tratamiento farmacológico
9.
Kaku Igaku ; 42(4): 403-7, 2005 Dec.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16506648

RESUMEN

A case in which radiotherapy was requested for bone metastases from prostate carcinoma after hormonal and radiation therapy and diagnosed as insufficiency fracture of the sacrum on bone scan was reported. A 78-year-old man underwent endocrine therapy with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonists and radical radiotherapy toward pelvis for prostate cancer. The onset of buttock pain started from the nine-month after the beginning of radiotherapy, and was diagnosed as sacrum metastasis by MRI, and radiotherapy was requested again for pain control. However, on bone scan, butterfly-like changed accumulation was noted, therefore sacrum insufficiency fracture was suspected. Addition of CT inspection and reconfirmation of MRI were performed, and bone metastases became negative, and serial observation was performed of the painkilling effect after that. No tumor marker rise was seen after five months without sigh of new bone metastases and the final diagnosis became insufficient fracture. In order to avoid unnecessary treatment, we think that the view of bone scintigram for diagnosis of sacrum insufficient fracture should be known.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas Óseas/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas Óseas/etiología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/radioterapia , Sacro/lesiones , Medronato de Tecnecio Tc 99m , Anciano , Neoplasias Óseas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/antagonistas & inhibidores , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Próstata/tratamiento farmacológico , Cintigrafía , Radioterapia/efectos adversos
10.
J Magn Reson Imaging ; 15(1): 108-13, 2002 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11793465

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To determine whether the injection rate of contrast agent affects the dynamics of enhancement of the pulmonary parenchyma on magnetic resonance (MR) pulmonary perfusion imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers underwent enhanced MR pulmonary perfusion imaging to evaluate the effects of different injection rates. Injection rates were 1, 3, or 5 mL/second. Regions of interest (ROIs) were chosen in the lung and aorta to analyze the change in signal intensity over time. RESULTS: As the injection rate increased, the peak enhancement occurred significantly earlier (P = 0.0012), but the peak enhancement signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value was not affected (P = 0.25). With the 3- and 5-mL/second injection rates, images of both the pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation were obtained separately. However, with 1 mL/second, higher enhancement of the aorta was overlapped with peak enhancement of the lung tissue. CONCLUSION: The injection rate affects the enhancement profiles of the pulmonary parenchyma.


Asunto(s)
Medios de Contraste/administración & dosificación , Gadolinio DTPA/administración & dosificación , Inyecciones Intravenosas/métodos , Pulmón/irrigación sanguínea , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Adulto , Medios de Contraste/farmacocinética , Gadolinio DTPA/farmacocinética , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Factores de Tiempo
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