RESUMEN
Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC) is extremely rare, and although distant metastasis has been reported, to date, there are no reports regarding metastasis to the nasal septum. We report a rare case of PCACC that metastasized to the nasal septum 17 years after the first surgery in a 59-year-old woman. She initially presented with a mass under the skin of her left mammary papilla. After a biopsy revealed the presence of an adenoid cystic carcinoma, the tumor was excised and definitively diagnosed as a PCACC. Five years after surgery, the patient presented with left lung metastasis and underwent a partial resection of the left lung. However, 8 years after this procedure, the patient had to undergo a partial resection of the right lung because of right lung metastasis. Four years thereafter, the patient presented with nasal septal metastasis. The tumor was excised successfully using a combined technique integrating intranasal and extranasal approaches. The patient is currently undergoing regular follow-up tests. Thus, in such cases, lifelong follow-up is necessary while checking for both distant metastasis and instances of local recurrence.
RESUMEN
Recent studies have revealed that tracking single cells using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy is an optimal tool for spatiotemporal evaluation of proteins of interest. Using this approach with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism, we previously found that heterochromatin regions involved in epigenetic regulation differ between individual cells. Determining the regularity of this phenomenon requires measurement of spatiotemporal epigenetic-dependent changes in protein levels across more than one generation. In past studies, we conducted these analyses manually to obtain a dendrogram, but this required more than 15 h, even for a single set of microscopic cell images. Thus, in this study, we developed a software-based analysis system to analyze time-lapse cellular images of S. cerevisiae, which allowed automatic generation of a dendrogram from a given set of time-lapse cell images. This approach is divided into two phases: a cell extraction and tracking phase, and an analysis phase. The cell extraction and tracking phase generates a set of necessary information for each cell, such as geometrical properties and the daughter-mother relationships, using image processing-based analysis techniques. Then, based on this information, the analysis phase allows generation of the final dendrogram by analyzing the fluorescent characteristics of each cell. The system is equipped with manual error correction to correct for the inevitable errors that occur in these analyses. The time required to obtain the final dendrograms was drastically reduced from 15 h in manual analysis to 0.8 h using this novel system.