RESUMEN
This study aimed to assess the cortisol, body and reproductive development of prepubertal Holstein and Holstein-Gir ¾ heifers at 27 months of age maintained in an integrated livestock-forest (ILF) system for 60 summer days compared to the monoculture system in full sun (FS). The ILF system promoted changes (P=0.02) in the cortisol levels of Holstein-Gir ¾ heifers and did not affect weight gain in any of the breed groups studied. Animals in ILF system presented a lower (P=0.006) vulvar development for the rima height parameter and similar for the vulva width parameter. The ovarian follicular population of Holstein-Gir ¾ heifers in the ILF system was lower (P=0.004); however, for the Holstein heifers, no statistical difference was found, and numbers were higher (P=0.08) in the ILF system. None of the other ovarian parameters studied had any changes, and we also found important racial differences. Weight gain (P=0.003), vulvar development (P<0.001), and mean follicular size (P=0.008) were higher in the Holstein-Gir ¾ animals. Based on such results, the effect of the ILF system at 27 months of age on stress and reproductive parameters in the Holstein breed is considered positive, although negative effects have been detected on reproductive parameters in the Holstein-Gir ¾ breed.
RESUMEN
Cochliomyia hominivorax, from the family Calliphoridae, is responsible for causing most myiases in domesticated animals in Brazil. As alternatives to conventional treatments, essential oils (EOs) could possibly be used as natural control of ectoparasites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of EOs from Salvia sclarea L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lavandula hybrida Reverchon, Citrus bergamia Risso, Citrus paradisi L., Juniperus virginiana L., Copaifera reticulata Ducke, Illicium verum Hook f., Pelargonium roseum, Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt, Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud, Eugenia caryophyllus Spreng, Cinnamomum cassia Presl, Thymus vulgaris L. and Origanum vulgare L. against third-instar larvae of C. hominivorax. To evaluate the mortality rate, filter paper tests were performed at different concentrations and verified after 24 h and 48 h. Essential oils of T. vulgaris, O. vulgare and I. verum induced 100% mortality in the screening test, and their main active components (thymol, carvacrol and anethol, respectively) were also tested alone. In this new test, lethal concentrations (LC50) after 24 h and 48 h, respectively, were 407.1 and 314.2 µg.cm-² for T. vulgaris, 540.9 and 253.8 µg.cm-² for O. vulgare, 314.2 µg.cm-² (after 48 h) for I. verum, 255.6 and 102.3 µg.cm-² for thymol, 970.5 and 931.1 µg.cm-2 for carvacrol and 559.4 µg.cm-2 (after 48 h) for anethol. These results showed the potential of these EOs and their main components for development of ectoparasiticides for veterinary use, especially T. vulgaris EO and thymol.
Asunto(s)
Aceites Volátiles , Animales , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Timol/farmacología , Calliphoridae , Cimenos , Aceites de Plantas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To verify whether pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) associated with game therapy (GT) can potentiate improvements in PFM pressure, urinary loss, and perception of improvement in women with mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Materials and Methods: A randomized and blinded trial was conducted with 32 women aged between 45 to 70 years presenting diagnosis of MUI. They were randomly divided into two groups: PFMT group and PFMT+GT group. Interventions occurred twice a week during 8 weeks. Primary outcome was PFM pressure, assessed by manometry, and secondary outcomes were 1-hour pad-test, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and patients global impression of improvement for incontinence (PGI-I). Two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey analysis were performed. Results: Initially, no significant difference between groups was found in variables of age, body mass index, educational level, marital status, gynecological and obstetric variables, life habits, and sexual activity. Besides, at baseline clinical variables also showed similar results between groups for PFM pressure, 1-hour pad-test, and ICIQ-SF. Time-group interaction did not present statistically significant differences for PFM pressure (P = 0.56), 1-hour pad-test (P = 0.75), and ICIQ-SF (P = 0.30) in intergroup analysis. All women reported being "much better or better," considering the comparison of urinary complaints in the beginning and end of treatment. Conclusion: There were no statistically significant differences between groups for PFM pressure, 1-hour pad-test, and ICIQ-SF. However, both treatments proved to be effective for MUI symptoms. Perception of improvement was highly improved, according to women's report.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Ejercicio/normas , Diafragma Pélvico/fisiología , Incontinencia Urinaria/prevención & control , Anciano , Brasil , Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Terapia por Ejercicio/psicología , Femenino , Juegos Recreacionales , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del Tratamiento , Incontinencia Urinaria/fisiopatología , Incontinencia Urinaria/terapiaRESUMEN
Resumo Objetivo: Validar o instrumento de avaliação do letramento em saúde Health Literacy Questionnaire para o português brasileiro. Métodos: Para a adaptação transcultural e validação das propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ-Br), foi utilizado o protocolo estabelecido pelos autores do instrumento original. O HLQ-Br foi respondido por 794 adultos de três regiões do Brasil. A Análise Fatorial Confirmatória foi realizada por meio do Diagonally Weighted Least Squares e a confiabilidade foi verificada pelos indicadores alfa de Cronbach e confiabilidade composta. Resultados: A avaliação cognitiva do HLQ-Br mostrou que os itens do instrumento foram facilmente compreendidos pelos participantes. A análise confirmatória apresentou índices de ajuste satisfatórios: χ2WLSMV (866 GL) = 1698,53, p<0,0001; CFI = 0,978; TLI = 0,976 e RMSEA = 0,035 [0,032; 0,037, IC de 90%]. O alfa de Cronbach e confiabilidade composta foram >0,76 em oito das nove escalas do instrumento. Conclusão: O HLQ-Br apresentou equivalência com a versão original e propriedades psicométricas satisfatórias. Pode ser aplicado para avaliar o letramento em saúde da população brasileira na prática clínica, ensino e pesquisa. O uso do HLQ-Br nas práticas de saúde pode auxiliar a incorporar o letramento em saúde nas práticas de saúde no Brasil.
Resumen Objetivo: Validar el instrumento de evaluación del nivel de conocimientos en salud Health Literacy Questionnaire al portugués brasileño. Métodos: Para la adaptación transcultural y validación de las propiedades psicométricas de la versión brasileña del Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ-Br), se utilizó el protocolo establecido por los autores del instrumento original. El HLQ-Br fue respondido por 794 adultos de tres regiones de Brasil. El análisis factorial confirmatorio fue realizado mediante el Diagonally Weighted Least Squares y la fiabilidad fue verificada por el indicador alfa de Cronbach y fiabilidad compuesta. Resultados: La evaluación cognitiva del HLQ-Br demostró que los ítems del instrumento fueron fácilmente comprendidos por los participantes. El análisis confirmatorio presentó índices de ajustes satisfactorios: χ2WLSMV (866 GL) = 1698,53, p<0,0001; CFI = 0,978; TLI = 0,976 y RMSEA = 0,035 [0,032; 0,037, IC de 90%]. El alfa de Cronbach y la fiabilidad compuesta fueron >0,76 en ocho de las nueve escalas del instrumento. Conclusión: El HLQ-Br presentó equivalencia con la versión original y propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias. Puede aplicarse para evaluar el nivel de conocimientos en salud de la población brasileña en la práctica clínica, educación e investigación. El uso del HLQ-Br en las prácticas de salud puede ayudar a incorporar la instrucción en salud en las prácticas sanitarias en Brasil.
Abstract Objective: To validate the health literacy assessment instrument Health Literacy Questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: We used the protocol established by the original authors of the instrument for transcultural adaptation and validation of the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ-Br). The HLQ-Br was answered by 794 adults from three regions of Brazil. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed by means of the Diagonally Weighted Least Squares and reliability was verified by Cronbach's Alpha and Composite Reliability indicators. Results: Cognitive evaluation of the HLQ-Br showed that the items of the instrument were easily understood by the participants. The confirmatory analysis presented satisfactory fit indices: χ2WLSMV (866 df) = 1698.53, p <0.0001; CFI = 0.978; TLI = 0.976, and RMSEA = 0.035 [0.032; 0.037, 90%CI]. Cronbach's Alpha and Composite Reliability > 0.76 on eight of the nine scales of the instrument. Conclusion: The HLQ-Br presented equivalence to the original version and satisfactory psychometric properties. It can be applied in the evaluation of Brazilian population HL in clinical practice, teaching and research. The use of HLQ-Br in health practices can aid in the incorporation of health literacy into health care practices in Brazil.
Asunto(s)
Psicometría , Traducción , Estudio de Validación , Alfabetización en SaludRESUMEN
Objective: To verify the comprehension of the education handout and the level of Functional Health Literacy of individuals with cardiac pacemaker (PM) and whether there is correlation between the comprehension and Functional Health Literacy (FHL). Method: Cross-sectional study with 63 individuals with PM who answered to comprehension tests of the handout, literacy assessment (SAHLPA-50) and cognition (MMSE). Measurements of dispersion, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were calculated. Results: Most women, study time ≤ 9 years, 66.21 (average age) presented no cognitive changes. An adequate literacy level was evidenced in 50.8% individuals with PM and satisfactory comprehension of the handout. No correlation was identified between FHL, handout comprehension, age, years of study and cognition. Conclusion: The handout comprehension assessed by individuals with appropriate FHL indicated that it can be a printed material suitable for use, aiming to improve care process and knowledge of individuals with PM.
Objetivo: Verificar a legibilidade de prospecto facilitador da aprendizagem e o nível de Letramento Funcional em Saúde de indivíduos com marcapasso cardíaco (MP) e se há correlação entre a legibilidade e Letramento Funcional em Saúde (LFS). Método: Estudo transversal com 63 indivíduos com MP, que responderam testes de legibilidade do prospecto, de avaliação do letramento (SAHLPA-50) e cognição (MEEM). Foram calculadas medidas de dispersão, correlação de Pearson e regressão linear múltipla. Resultados: Maioria mulheres, tempo de estudo ≤ 9 anos, idade média de 66,21 anos, sem alteração cognitiva. Evidenciado nível adequado de letramento em 50,8% dos indivíduos com MP e legibilidade satisfatória do prospecto. Não foi identificada correlação entre LFS, legibilidade do prospecto, idade, anos de estudo e cognição. Conclusão: A legibilidade do prospecto avaliada por indivíduos com adequado LFS indicou que pode ser um impresso educativo apropriado para uso, visando aprimorar o processo de cuidar e o conhecimento dos indivíduos com MP.
Asunto(s)
Educación en Salud/normas , Alfabetización en Salud/normas , Marcapaso Artificial , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Comprensión , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Educación en Salud/métodos , Alfabetización en Salud/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the comprehension of the education handout and the level of Functional Health Literacy of individuals with cardiac pacemaker (PM) and whether there is correlation between the comprehension and Functional Health Literacy (FHL). Method: Cross-sectional study with 63 individuals with PM who answered to comprehension tests of the handout, literacy assessment (SAHLPA-50) and cognition (MMSE). Measurements of dispersion, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were calculated. Results: Most women, study time ≤ 9 years, 66.21 (average age) presented no cognitive changes. An adequate literacy level was evidenced in 50.8% individuals with PM and satisfactory comprehension of the handout. No correlation was identified between FHL, handout comprehension, age, years of study and cognition. Conclusion: The handout comprehension assessed by individuals with appropriate FHL indicated that it can be a printed material suitable for use, aiming to improve care process and knowledge of individuals with PM.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la comprensibilidad de prospecto de facilitación del aprendizaje y nivel de Instrucción Funcional en Salud de individuos con marcapasos cardíaco (MP), y la existencia de correlación entre comprensibilidad e Instrucción Funcional en Salud (IFS). Método: Estudio transversal, con 63 individuos con MP, que respondieron testes de comprensibilidad del prospecto, de evaluación de instrucción (SAHLPA-50) y cognición (MEEM). Se calcularon medidas de dispersión, correlación de Pearson y regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: Mayoría de mujeres, escolarización ≤ 9 años, media etaria de 66,21 años, sin alteraciones cognitivas. Evidenciado nivel adecuado de instrucción en 50,8% de individuos con MP y comprensibilidad satisfactoria del prospecto. No se identificó correlación entre IFS, comprensibilidad del prospecto, escolarización y cognición. Conclusión: La comprensibilidad del prospecto evaluada por individuos con IFS adecuada indicó que resulta potencial impreso educativo utilizable, en pos de mejorar el proceso de cuidar y el conocimiento de los individuos con MP.
RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a legibilidade de prospecto facilitador da aprendizagem e o nível de Letramento Funcional em Saúde de indivíduos com marcapasso cardíaco (MP) e se há correlação entre a legibilidade e Letramento Funcional em Saúde (LFS). Método: Estudo transversal com 63 indivíduos com MP, que responderam testes de legibilidade do prospecto, de avaliação do letramento (SAHLPA-50) e cognição (MEEM). Foram calculadas medidas de dispersão, correlação de Pearson e regressão linear múltipla. Resultados: Maioria mulheres, tempo de estudo ≤ 9 anos, idade média de 66,21 anos, sem alteração cognitiva. Evidenciado nível adequado de letramento em 50,8% dos indivíduos com MP e legibilidade satisfatória do prospecto. Não foi identificada correlação entre LFS, legibilidade do prospecto, idade, anos de estudo e cognição. Conclusão: A legibilidade do prospecto avaliada por indivíduos com adequado LFS indicou que pode ser um impresso educativo apropriado para uso, visando aprimorar o processo de cuidar e o conhecimento dos indivíduos com MP.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Marcapaso Artificial , Educación en Salud/normas , Alfabetización en Salud/normas , Educación en Salud/métodos , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Comprensión , Alfabetización en Salud/métodos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE:: to analyze the functional health literacy (FHL), i.e., understanding and knowledge about chronic renal disease of 60 patients in pre-dialytic treatment. METHOD:: this is a cross-sectional study. FHL was measured by B-TOFHLA; and the knowledge, by questionnaire. Pearson correlation and Chi-square tests were carried out as well as linear regression models. RESULTS:: all respondents presented inadequate FHL, and most showed insufficient knowledge about the disease and treatment. Low schooling was a predictive factor for worst FHL scores. Insufficient knowledge was related to age and compromised cognition. CONCLUSION:: although association between predictive variables has not been found, limited capability to obtain and use health-related information and insufficient knowledge about their own condition and treatment can contribute to worse outcomes for CKD. Appropriate intervention strategies are necessary to deal with limited FHL and also greater knowledge and ability of professionals to deal with the matter.
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Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Alfabetización en Salud/normas , Conocimiento , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/psicología , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Estudios Transversales , Complicaciones de la Diabetes , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/etiología , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o letramento funcional em saúde (LFS) e o conhecimento sobre doença renal crônica de 60 pacientes em tratamento pré-dialítico. Método: estudo transversal. O LFS foi mensurado pelo instrumento B-TOFHLA; e o conhecimento, por questionário. Foram realizados testes de correlação de Pearson e Qui-quadrado e modelos de regressões lineares. Resultados: todos entrevistados apresentaram LFS inadequado, e a maioria apresentou conhecimento insuficiente em relação à doença e ao tratamento. Menor escolaridade foi fator preditivo para piores escores de LFS. Conhecimento insuficiente foi relacionado à idade e ao comprometimento cognitivo. Conclusão: embora não tenha sido encontrada associação entre as variáveis preditivas, a limitada capacidade de obter e usar informações relacionadas à saúde e o conhecimento insuficiente em relação à própria doença e tratamento podem contribuir para piores desfechos de DRC. São necessárias estratégias de intervenções adequadas ao limitado LFS e maior conhecimento e habilidade dos profissionais para lidar com o assunto.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la alfabetización funcional en salud (AFS) y el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad renal crónica de 60 pacientes en prediálisis. Método: estudio transversal. La AFS se midió mediante un instrumento llamado B-TOFHLA, y el conocimiento se midió con un cuestionario. Se realizaron pruebas de correlación de Pearson, el chi-cuadrado, y modelos de regresión lineal. Resultados: todos los encuestados tuvieron AFS inapropiado y la mayoría tuvo conocimiento insuficiente sobre la enfermedad y el tratamiento. Un menor nivel educativo fue factor predictor de peores puntuaciones de AFS. El conocimiento insuficiente se relaciona con la edad y el deterioro cognitivo. Conclusión: aunque no se ha encontrado ninguna asociación entre las variables predictoras, la limitada capacidad para obtener y utilizar información relacionada con la salud y la falta de conocimiento sobre la enfermedad y el tratamiento pueden contribuir a resultados peores de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). Se requieren estrategias de intervenciones adecuadas a la limitada AFS, y al mayor conocimiento y capacidad de los profesionales para tratar el asunto.
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the functional health literacy (FHL), i.e., understanding and knowledge about chronic renal disease of 60 patients in pre-dialytic treatment. Method: this is a cross-sectional study. FHL was measured by B-TOFHLA; and the knowledge, by questionnaire. Pearson correlation and Chi-square tests were carried out as well as linear regression models. Results: all respondents presented inadequate FHL, and most showed insufficient knowledge about the disease and treatment. Low schooling was a predictive factor for worst FHL scores. Insufficient knowledge was related to age and compromised cognition. Conclusion: although association between predictive variables has not been found, limited capability to obtain and use health-related information and insufficient knowledge about their own condition and treatment can contribute to worse outcomes for CKD. Appropriate intervention strategies are necessary to deal with limited FHL and also greater knowledge and ability of professionals to deal with the matter.