RESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate the impact of a 16-week dance-based aerobic exercise program on lymphocyte function in healthy and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) women. We enrolled 23 women: 11 with T2DM and 12 non-diabetic controls. Initially, we performed anthropometry and body composition measurements, afterwards, plasma levels of C-reactive protein, lipids, and glucose were determined. We used flow cytometry to measure the CD25 and CD28 expression in circulating lymphocytes, T-regulatory (Treg) cell percentage, lymphocyte proliferation, and cytokines released by cultured lymphocytes. The T2DM group had a lower proportion of CD28+ cells and a higher percentage of Treg lymphocytes and proliferative capacity at the baseline compared with the control group. After 16 weeks of the program, differences in lymphocytes between the T2DM and the control groups disappeared. The dance program promoted IL-10 increase in both groups. We found decreased IL-4, IL-2, and IL-6 secretion in lymphocytes from the control group and increased IL-17 secretion and IL-10/IL-17 ratio in the T2DM group after the program. The program promoted marked changes in lymphocytes in diabetic women, leading to a balance between the different profiles.
RESUMEN
A obesidade infantil vem crescendo e se tornando um problema mundial. Na Odontologia, em relação à obesidade infantil, já foram realizados trabalhos tentando mostrar alguma correlação entre doença cárie e doença periodontal com resultados controversos. Em relação à obesidade infantil e à erupção dentária, alguns trabalhos demostraram evidências de interação, que se apresenta precoce nesses casos, sendo importante observar os trabalhos que avaliam tais correlações. O objetivo desta revisão é associar as relações fisiológi¬cas em crianças obesas e a erupção dentária. Existem alguns fatores que podem justificar a ocorrência dessa erupção precoce como alguns hormônios do sistema endócrino, a leptina e os hormônios sexuais em crianças que apresentam obesidade. Outro ponto é a aceleração na puberdade, concomitantemente com fechamento das epífises e crescimento de ossos longos e da face nessas crianças. A pré-disposição à inflamação crônica também pode influenciar no processo de erupção dentária em crianças obesas. Os profissionais envolvidos no atendimento integral de crianças devem avaliar informações importantes como a troca de dentes e a idade estimada para a erupção dos dentes permanentes, a fim de correlacioná-las, por exemplo, a fatores como a obesidade infantil
Child obesity has been increasing and becoming a worldwide problem. In Odontology, regarding to child obesity, studies have been done trying to show a correlation between dental caries and periodontal disease, but they have had controversial results. In relation to child obesity and dental eruption, studies that should be referred to have provided evidence of interaction between them, which appears at early stages in these cases. This revision aims at associating the physiological relations in obese children and dental eruption. There are some factors that can justify the occurrence of these precocious eruptions such as a few hormones from the endocrine system, leptin, and sexual hormones in obese children. Another point is the acceleration in puberty, simultaneously to the closing of the epiphysis and the growth of long bones and of these children's faces. The pre-disposition to chronic inflammation can also influence the process of dental eruption in obese children. The professionals involved in the full care of children must assess important information, such as tooth change and the estimated age for the eruption of permanent teeth, in order to correlate it to factors such as child obe¬sity, for instance