Región selar: evaluación mediante resonancia magnética de lesiones tumorales y pseudotumorales de baja frecuencia / Sellar region: magnetic resonance imaging assessment of uncommon tumors and pseudotumors

OBJETIVO: El propósito de este artículo es destacar la utilidad de la resonancia magnética en la caracterización anatómica y patológica de la región selar haciendo hincapié en diagnósticos diferenciales de tumores no adenomatosos y pseudotumores poco frecuentes estudiados en nuestra institución. CONCLUSIÓN: La región selar es un espacio anatómico complejo, con múltiples tipos de tejidos a partir de los cuales puede surgir un amplio espectro de patologías. La resonancia magnética es el mejor método por imágenes para estudiar esta región debido a su alta resolución tisular, la caracterización de los patrones de crecimiento tumoral y el comportamiento biológico

OBJECTIVE: To show the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the anatomic and pathologic characterization of the sellar region, emphasizing the differential diagnosis of uncommon non-adenomatous tumors and pseudotumors studied in our institution. CONCLUSION: The sellar region is a complex anatomic space with diverse types of tissues from which a wide spectrum of diseases can arise. Magnetic resonance imaging's high tissue resolution and ability to characterize the patterns of tumor growth and biological behavior make it the best imaging technique to study this region

Sellar region: magnetic resonance imaging assessment of uncommon tumors and pseudotumors. / Región selar: evaluación mediante resonancia magnética de lesiones tumorales y pseudotumorales de baja frecuencia.

OBJECTIVE: To show the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the anatomic and pathologic characterization of the sellar region, emphasizing the differential diagnosis of uncommon non-adenomatous tumors and pseudotumors studied in our institution. CONCLUSION: The sellar region is a complex anatomic space with diverse types of tissues from which a wide spectrum of diseases can arise. Magnetic resonance imaging's high tissue resolution and ability to characterize the patterns of tumor growth and biological behavior make it the best imaging technique to study this region.

Influence of pH and sodium chloride on kinetics of thermal inactivation of the bacteriocin-like substance P34.

AIMS: To investigate the kinetics of thermal inactivation of the bacteriocin-like substance P34 at different pH and sodium chloride concentration. METHODS AND RESULTS: Samples of bacteriocin were treated at different time-temperature combinations in the range of 0-300 min and 90-120°C and the kinetic parameters for bacteriocin inactivation were calculated. For all treatments, the thermal inactivation reaction fitted adequately to first-order model. D- and k-values were smaller and higher, respectively, for pH 4·5 than for 6·0 or 7·0, indicating that bacteriocin P34 was less thermostable at lower pH. At 120, 115 and 100°C, the addition of sodium chloride decreased thermal stability. For other temperatures, addition of NaCl increased stability of the peptide. The presence of greater amount of the salt (50 g l(-1) ) resulted in a higher thermal stability of bacteriocin P34, suggesting that the reduction in water activity of the solution interfered on the stability of the peptide. CONCLUSIONS: Based on an isothermal experiment in the temperature range of 90-120°C, and by thermal death time models, bacteriocin P34 is less heat stable at low pH and has increased thermal stability in the presence of NaCl. Addition of NaCl improved the stability of the peptide P34 at high temperatures. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Studies on kinetics of thermal inactivation of bacteriocins are essential to allow their proper utilization in the food industry.

Síndrome diarreico y carcinoma de células renales / No disponible

No disponible

[Cystic lymphangioma of the adrenal glands. Case report]. / Linfangioma quístico de glándula suprarrenal. A propósito de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: Lymphangiomas are rare adrenal lesions, most of them asymptomatic. METHODS: We report one case of adrenal lymphangioma in a 41-year-old female patient with elevated serum catecholamine levels. RESULTS: Lymphangiomas are multicystic lesions covered by endothelium and with serous content, the differential diagnosis of which is mainly established with hemangioma and adenomatoid tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment is indicated in big lesions and symptomatic cases, which are left asymptomatic after surgery.

Nota sobre la interpretación de diagnósticos de PAAF de mama / No disponible

No disponible

[High grade transitional cell carcinoma with signet ring cell pattern. Case report]. / Carcinoma urotelial de alto grado vesical con patrón de células "en anillo de sello". A propósito de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: The presence of signet ring cells within a transitional cell carcinoma is a factor of poor prognosis. METHODS: We report the case of a 69-year-old male patient with the diagnosis of high grade transitional cell carcinoma with signet ring cell pattern, the presence of which could have been foreseen in serial cytological tests performed after the clinical debut. RESULTS: To achieve such a diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out the possibility of metastasis or infiltration of a neoplasia from other organ. CONCLUSION: Both the presence of an in situ neoplasia or the coexistence of infiltrative transitional cell tumor can help to determine primary origin of these neoplasias.

Diagnóstico inicial de leishmaniasis en una biopsia endoscópica digestiva. A propósito de 2 casos / Initial diagnosis of leishmaniasis in endoscopic gastrointestinal biopsy. Apropos of 2 cases

No disponible

Carcinoma urotelial de alto grado vesical con patrón de células "en anillo de sello". A propósito de un caso / No disponible

OBJETIVO: La presencia de células "en anillo de sello" constituye un factor de mal pronóstico en aquellas neoplasias uroteliales, generalmente de alto grado, que las presentan. MÉTODO: Presentamos el caso de un varón de 69 años diagnosticado de carcinoma urotelial de alto grado con patrón de células “en anillo de sello” cuyo diagnóstico pudo ser intuido en los estudios citológicos seriados que se realizaron tras el debut clínico. RESULTADOS: Para la realización de tal diagnóstico es preciso descartar la posibilidad de que estemos ante la metástasis o infiltración de una neoplasia de otra localización. CONCLUSIONES: La presencia de neoplasia "in situ" o bien la coexistencia de un componente urotelial infiltrante ayudan a determinar el origen primario de tales neoplasias (AU)

OBJECTIVE: The presence of signet ring cells within a transitional cell carcinoma is a factor of poor prognosis. METHODS: We report the case of a 69-year-old male patient with the diagnosis of high grade transitional cell carcinoma with signet ring cell pattern, the presence of which could have been foreseen in serial cytological tests performed after the clinical debut. RESULTS: To achieve such a diagnosis, it is necessary to rule out the possibility of metastasis or infiltration of a neoplasia from other organ. CONCLUSION: Both the presence of an in situ neoplasia or the coexistence of infiltrative transitional cell tumor can help to determine primary origin of these neoplasias (AU)

Angiosarcoma de mama. A propósito de un caso / Breast angiosarcoma. A case report

El angiosarcoma es una neoplasia infrecuente enla mama si bien constituye uno de los sarcomas másfrecuentes en esta localización existiendo en grannúmero de casos una estrecha relación entre su aparicióny el antecedente de radioterapia a nivel torácico.Aunque los datos clínicos y las pruebas deimagen pueden orientar el diagnóstico, será necesarioel estudio histológico e inmunohistoquímico paradeterminar el mismo. El pronóstico está determinadopor el grado histológico, constituyendo las lesionesde alto grado un grupo con muy mal pronóstico.Presentamos un caso de angiosarcoma de mamano relacionado con radioterapia previa y de crecimientoinsidioso que histológicamente mostrabapatrones de bajo, moderado y alto grado

Angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare neoplasmbut one of the most common sarcomas in thislocation, frequently associated with thoracicradiotherapy. Clinical data and imaging techniquesmay help the diagnosis, but histological andimmunohistochemical studies become necessary inmost cases. The prognosis depends on thehistological grade, neoplasms of high grade havinga worse prognosis. We report the case of a slowgrowth and variegate histological grade breastangiosarcoma having no relationship withradiotherapy

Hemangioendotelioma epitelioide hepático primario: un simulador de metástasis / Primary hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a metastatic-like tumor

El hemangioendotelioma epitelioide hepático es un tumor raro en el adulto, de etiología desconocida y origenvascular, que afecta más a mujeres. Suelen cursar asintomáticos o con síntomas poco específicos y con frecuenciasu diagnóstico es casual. La lesión suele ser múltiple, afecta a ambos lóbulos hepáticos y su tamaño esmuy variable. Las características de la lesión en las técnicas diagnósticas por imagen son superponibles a lasde un proceso metastático. El diagnóstico histológico requiere estudio inmunohistoquímico complementario yno aporta criterios de valor pronóstico. La evolución es imprevisible y letal en el 50% de los pacientes. La extirpaciónquirúrgica de la lesión y el transplante hepático son las opciones terapéuticas más útiles.Describimos las características clínico-patológicas de esta rara lesión, aportando un caso diagnosticado inicialmentede metástasis hepática

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor of adults of unknown etiology, that ismore common in women. It is usually asymptomatic or presents only non specific symptoms, making thediagnosis frequently casual. The lesions are usually multifocal and of variable sizes, involving both lobes. Thecharacteristics of the lesions shown by the imaging diagnostic techniques are superposable to those of of themetastatic disease. The histologic diagnosis requires immunohistological studies and does not contribute withprognostic criteria. The course is unexpected and 50 % of the patients die of the disease. Surgery and hepatictransplant are the most useful therapeutic options. We describe the clinicopathologic characteristics of this rarelesion and contribute with a case, thay was initially diagnosed as hepatic metastatic disease

Mielolipoma extradrenal de localización presacra. A propósito de un caso / Extra-adrenal myelolipoma of presacral localization. Report of a case

Los mielolipomas son tumores benignos constituidos por elementos hematopoyéticos en diferentes gradosmadurativos y sin alteraciones histológicas combinados en diferentes proporciones con tejido adiposo maduro.Son tumores generalmente asintomáticos si bien en la mitad de los casos se asocian a síntomas, consistentes endolor abdominal, hematuria, masa palpable e hipertensión. Los mielolipomas presentan la mayoría de las vecesuna localización adrenal siendo la localización presacra poco frecuente. El diagnóstico diferencial hay que establecerloclínicamente con otros tumores benignos y malignos de localización retroperitoneal e histológicamentecon la hematopoyesis extramedular.Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 54 años con un mielolipoma asintomático de localización presacra

Myelolipomas are benign tumor composed of mature and immature hematopoietic elements withouthistologic alterations admixed with mature adipose tissue in different proportions. Symptoms are only presentin one half of the patients consisting in abdominal pain, hematuria, palpable mass and hypertensión.Myelolipomas occur most often in the adrenal glands. Presacral extraadrenal location is rare. The differentialdiagnosis is prompted clinically with other retroperitoneal benign and malignant tumors and histologically withextramedullary hematopoiesis.We present the case of a 54 year old patient with an asymptomatic myelolipoma of presacral location

Bacteriocin-like substance production by Bacillus licheniformis strain P40.

AIMS: To investigate the production of bacteriocin-like compounds by Bacillus spp. isolated from the Amazon basin. METHODS AND RESULTS: An antimicrobial substance produced by Bacillus licheniformis strain P40 was inhibitory to a broad range of indicator strains, such as Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus and clinical isolates of Streptococcus spp. The compound was stable at 100 degrees C, but lost its activity when treated at 121 degrees C/103.5 kPa for 15 min. It was resistant to the proteolytic action of trypsin and papain but sensitive to pronase E and was stable within a wide range of pH (3-11). The substance was bactericidal and bacteriolytic to L. monocytogenes. CONCLUSIONS: An antibacterial peptide produced by Bacillus licheniformis was characterized, presenting a broad spectrum of activity against pathogenic and spoilage organisms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The identification of a substance active against important pathogens addresses an important aspect of food safety.

Angiosarcoma primario de aurícula derecha: aportación de un caso y revisón de la literatura / Primary angiosarcoma of the right auricule: A case study and review of the literature

El angiosarcoma cardíaco es el tumor maligno más frecuente en el corazón, dentro de la extrema rareza que suponen las neoplasias en este órgano. Describimos un caso clínica y anatomopatológicamente representativo, originado en la aurícula derecha y tratado con trasplante cardíaco (AU)

[Study of urethritis in males using Papanicolaou smear]. / Estudio de las uretritis masculinas mediante la tinción de Papanicolaou.

Sexual pathogens, cell types and morphologic alterations of urethral epithelial cells were investigated by means of the Papanicolaou smear in 110 heterosexual men. Seventy-five patients with urethritis were included: 17 (22.6%) with gonococcal urethritis (GU) and 58 (77.3%) with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). Thirty-five males without symptoms or signs of urethritis comprised the control group. An increase in epithelial cell dissociation was observed in patients with urethritis. Non-specific inflammatory changes were statistically more common in patients with urethritis than in controls, and more severe in GU (65%) than in NGU (15.5%). Nuclear atypia was a common finding (43.5%) in infections due to C. trachomatis. Mucus was associated with the presence of urethritis although no differences regarding etiology were found. No polimorphonuclear neutrophils were observed in the exudate of three patients (5%) with NGU. There was a statistically significant presence of lymphocytes in patients with urethritis, particularly in GU (45%), more frequent than in NGU (15.5%). Erythrocytes were also significantly more frequent in urethritis, with a greater proportion in GU (94%) than in NGU (64%). Plasma cells, eosinophils, and histiocytes were only observed in a few patients with urethritis. The Papanicolaou smear had a sensitivity of 47% and a specificity of 90% in Chlamydia trachomatis infections.

Expression of neuropeptides and other neuroendocrine markers in human phaeochromocytomas.

AIMS: Phaeochromocytomas may produce several neuropeptides as they are considered neuroendocrine tumours. Nevertheless, studies are scarce and no clear predictive biologic value has been stablished in the case of neuropeptides expression. METHODS: We have investigated immunohistochemically the neuropeptides expression of a serie of 36 phaeochromocytomas: 25 sporadic, seven familial type MEN (multiple endocrine neoplasm) and four familial phaeochromocytomas not associated with MEN syndrome. The reactivity for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), chromogranin A, calcitonin, ACTH, somatostatin and HMB-45 was tested according to the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method using polyclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Phaeochromocytomas have a multiple synthetic activity as main neuroendocrine feature. Despite phaeochromocytoma tumour cells heterogeneity chromogranin and synaptophysin are the most common neuropeptides synthesised, as they are associated with the presence of neuroendocrine storage granules. We find a statistically significant higher synthesis of corticotrophin hormone in familial phaeochromocytomas than in sporadic forms, on the contrary the synthesis of VIP is statistically associated with sporadic forms of phaeochromocytomas. We also found a direct relation of ACTH and overexpression and malignant tumours and a positive relationship between NSE and benign forms of phaeochromocytomas.

Successful treatment of severe complicated measles with non-specific transfer factor.

Severe complicated measles has a high mortality rate and no specific treatment. Ten patients with complicated measles - 9 infants with respiratory failure and a 15 year old boy with encephalitis - received immunotherapy with Non-specific Transfer Factor (NTF). The patients had variable degrees of undernourishment and were severely ill when immunotherapy was started. 8/9 cases with respiratory failure were cured. One died of bronchoaspiration while recovering from the measles. The case with encephalitis showed no neurological sequelae two weeks after receiving the last dose of NTF. Treatment of complicated measles with NTF in these patients seemed very effective and deserves further trial.