Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Duodenales/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Duodenales/patología , Duodenoscopía , Granuloma Piogénico/diagnóstico por imagen , Granuloma Piogénico/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades Duodenales/cirugía , Granuloma Piogénico/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A large proportion of chronic diseases affecting older persons can be either prevented or significantly improved by improving nutrition. This places an increased burden on health care professionals caring for older persons. Screening for malnutrition at an early stage allows the intervention to be most successful. History, physical examination, and anthropometric measurements are essential parts of any nutritional evaluation. However, these tools can be highly subjective and rely heavily on the knowledge and experience of the evaluator. Incorporating biochemical measurements in the routine nutritional assessment provides an often-needed objective dimension. Interpreting these measurements must take into consideration the normal biological changes seen with aging. In this article, we review many of the biochemical parameters used in nutritional assessment and their relation to morbidity and mortality, with a special focus on normal changes seen with aging.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Pruebas de Química Clínica , Evaluación Nutricional , Desnutrición Proteico-Calórica/diagnóstico , Anciano , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análisis , Colesterol/sangre , Creatinina/orina , Humanos , Inmunidad , Leptina/análisis , Desnutrición Proteico-Calórica/inmunología , Desnutrición Proteico-Calórica/metabolismoRESUMEN
Protein-energy malnutrition is a prevalent problem in older persons. Its relation to increased morbidity and mortality has been well documented. Early recognition of malnutrition allows for a timely intervention. A large proportion of chronic diseases affecting older persons can be either prevented or significantly improved by improving nutrition, which underscores the importance of developing a screening system that can trigger a more comprehensive evaluation when indicated. Screening for malnutrition in older persons can be difficult because of the normal age-related changes in many of the commonly used parameters. A comprehensive nutritional evaluation includes a complete history and physical examination in addition to a more specific nutrition-oriented assessment. Specific nutritional assessment includes estimating food intake, anthropometric measurements, and evaluation of several biochemical parameters commonly affected by changes in nutritional status. In this article, we review the commonly used tools for nutritional assessment in older persons. The goal is to promote disease-free, active, and successful aging.
