Virtual 3-dimensional representation of a completely edentulous patient for computer-aided static implant planning.

A technique is described to create a virtual 3-dimensional representation of an edentulous patient by aligning the facial, intraoral, and cone beam computed tomography scans guided by an additively manufactured scan body. Having the virtual patient facilitated the prosthetically driven implant planning, the additive manufacturing of the surgical implant guides, and the interim dental restorations.

Flexural strength of aged and nonaged interim materials fabricated by using milling, additive manufacturing, and a combination of subtractive and additive methods.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Interim dental restorations can be fabricated from additively manufactured ingots. However, the flexural strength and surface roughness of restorations fabricated by using this technique are unknown. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the influence of the manufacturing method (milling, additive manufacturing, or a combination of subtractive and additive methods) and accelerating aging on the flexural strength and surface roughness of interim dental materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A bar design (25×2×2 mm) was used to fabricate the specimens by using 3 methods: milling (M group), additive manufacturing (AM group), and a combination of subtractive and additive methods (AM+M group). In the M group, an interim material (CopraTemp PMMA) was used to fabricate the milled (350i imes-icore) specimens. In the AM group, specimens were fabricated by using a printer (Form3B+) and an interim resin (Temporary CB) according to the manufacturer's protocol. In the AM+M group, specimens were milled from AM ingots (Temporary CB) and with the same milling machine as in the M group. Two subgroups were created based on the artificial aging (thermocycling): nonaged and aged (n=10). Flexural strength was calculated by using a universal testing machine, followed by determination of the Weibull distribution. Surface roughness was measured by using a digital microscope. The Shapiro-Wilk test revealed that the flexural strength and surface roughness (Ra) data were normally distributed (P>.05). Two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc multiple comparison Tukey tests were used to examine the data (α=.05). The Shapiro-Wilk test revealed that the surface roughness area data were not normally distributed (P<.05). Therefore, the Kruskal-Wallis followed by pairwise multiple comparisons tests were selected (α=.05). RESULTS: Manufacturing methods (P<.001) and artificial aging (P=.043) were significant factors in the flexural strength measured. The M group had the highest flexural strength mean values (180 MPa), while the AM group showed the lowest flexural strength mean values (77 MPa). Additionally, nonaged specimens (128 MPa) had significantly higher flexural strength values than aged specimens (117 MPa). Manufacturing method (P<.001) was a significant factor in the surface roughness measured. The M group had the highest linear surface roughness mean values (0.86 µm), while the AM group showed the lowest linear surface roughness mean values (0.49 µm). CONCLUSIONS: Manufacturing method and thermocycling influenced the flexural strength and surface roughness of the groups tested.

Additively Manufactured Scan Bodies for Virtual Patient Integration: Different Designs, Manufacturing Procedures, and Clinical Protocols.

Additively manufactured intraoral scan bodies can be used to guide the alignment of a patient's digital file information, including facial and intraoral digital scans both with and without a cone beam computed tomography scan, and to obtain a 3D virtual patient's representation. The present manuscript reviews the different intraoral scan body designs, procedures involved in additive manufacturing, clinical protocols for fabricating an additively manufactured scan body, performing a patient's digital data collection, and completing the alignment techniques.

Additively manufactured scan body for transferring a virtual 3-dimensional representation to a digital articulator for completely edentulous patients.

A technique is described for obtaining a virtual 3-dimensional representation of completely edentulous patients with the virtual definitive casts mounted on the virtual articulator. An additively manufactured intraoral scan body was developed to record the definitive maxillary and mandibular casts and gothic arch interocclusal registration. The intraoral scan body guided the integration of the digital definitive casts and facial scans to obtain the virtual 3-dimensional patient's representation and facilitated the transfer of the definitive casts to the virtual articulator.

An additively manufactured intraoral scan body for aiding complete-arch intraoral implant digital scans with guided integration of 3D virtual representation.

This article describes a polymeric additively manufactured intraoral scan body that facilitates a complete-arch intraoral implant digital scan and guides the superimposition procedures between the facial and digital scans comprising the patient's 3D virtual representation. Furthermore, this novel intraoral scan body can be modified for the patient's specific arch dimensions, enhancing patient comfort and facilitating digitizing.

3D Virtual Patient Representation for Guiding a Maxillary Overdenture Fabrication: A Dental Technique.

This report describes a technique to obtain a 3D virtual representation of a maxillary edentulous patient guided by an additively manufactured intraoral scan body. The intraoral scan body incorporated a custom tray and occlusion rim which facilitated the acquiring of a digital definitive cast, maxillary occlusion rim position, interocclusal registration, and guided the integration of the facial scans. The technique simplified the design and manufacturing of the maxillary overdenture.

Additively Manufactured Ingot for Interim Dental Restorations Fabrication Using a Chairside Milling Machine.

This manuscript describes a technique to fabricate additively manufactured ingots for producing tooth- and implant-supported interim dental restorations using a chairside milling machine. The technique aimed to ease the additively manufactured interim restoration's manufacturing by using a chairside milling machine, optimize the manufacturing workflow time, and eliminate the surface roughness of additively manufactured restorations.

Three-dimensional virtual representation by superimposing facial and intraoral digital scans with an additively manufactured intraoral scan body.

A technique to merge facial and intraoral digital scans guided by an additively manufactured intraoral scan body is described. The technique facilitates facially driven treatment planning of restorative procedures in situations where a cone beam computed tomography scan is not indicated. Furthermore, the intraoral scan body can be customized to the size of the patient's arch to improve patient comfort and simplify the digitalization procedures.