[Hypoglycemia in newborn of the diabetic mother in relation to some indicators of perinatal hypoxia]. / Wystepowanie hipoglikemii u noworodków matek z cukrzyca a wybrane wskazniki niedotlenienia okoloporodowego.

DESIGN: To examine whether perinatal hypoxia increases the risk of occurrence of hypoglycaemia--between first and second hour of life--in newborn of the diabetic mother. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study material consisted of 151 newborns born to 58 pregestational and 93 gestational diabetes mothers. The occurrence of hypoglycaemia was examined in accordance with some perinatal hypoxia indicators such as: 1 and 5 minutes Apgar scores, umbilical arterial blood gas analysis and cord blood erythropoietin (EPO) level. RESULTS: Newborns of the diabetic mothers in whom hypoglycaemia was recognised had lower 1 minutes Apgar scores, lower pH values, higher pCO2 values and higher EPO levels than those, in whom normoglycaemia was recognised. CONCLUSIONS: Low 1 minutes Apgar scores and occurrence of even mild perinatal hypoxia are factors increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia in the group of newborns of the diabetic mothers in the time between first and second hour of life.

Prevalence and forms of congenital anomalies in twins born in Pomeranian District during the period from 1.07.1997 to 31.12.1998. Polish Register of Congenital Anomalies.

The authors have analysed the frequency and structure of congenital anomalies in children born in the Pomeranian district in the period from 01.07.1997 to 31.12.1998. Among a total of 28.361 births in that area, 748 (2.64%) were affected by congenital anomalies. Among 28.361 births, 620 (2.18%) were from multiple pregnancies. 23 (3.71%) among births from multiple pregnancies were affected by congenital malformations. The prevalence rate of inborn anomalies in births from multiple pregnancy in our area were higher (3.71%) in comparison to births from singleton pregnancy (2.61%). It implies that children born from multiple pregnancy are at higher risk of developing congenital anomalies.

[Arterial blood pressure 3-8 years after EPH gestosis in mothers and their children]. / Cisnienie tetnicze krwi w 3-8 lat po przebytej gestozie EPH u matek i urodzonych przez nie dzieci.

The analysis covered 61 women with a history of EPH gestosis and 63 children born to them as well as 30 healthy women with normal arterial blood pressure during pregnancy and their 30 children aged 3-8 years. Hypertension exceeding 145/95 mm Hg was found in 26 mothers out of 61 at the moment of examination. In the other 35 patients from the EPH gestosis group arterial blood pressure was still within the norm, but diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values were significantly higher than in the control group. The values of DBP in children from mothers with EPH gestosis were higher than the values of DBP in children from the control group. However significantly higher values were observed only in children from mothers with constantly elevated blood pressure.

[Nurses in occupational health services in Poland]. / Pielegniarki w sluzbach medycyny pracy w Polsce.

Nurses belong to the largest professional group in the subsystem of health service. They take care of workers, keep contact with them on a regular basis and they are familiar with workers' health and social problems. A comprehensive preventive care of workers, not only limited to medical examinations, is the essence of occupational health nursing. The standard of occupational health nursing depends on continuous postgraduate training of nurses and on a highly qualified managerial staff. Well trained nurses can overtake the responsibility of a wide range of preventive tasks in order to aid and ease other health service workers of some of their duties.

[Effect of thyroxine on lung maturation in rabbit fetuses]. / Wplyw tyroksyny na dojrzewanie pluc plodów króliczych.

The material comprised 11 pregnant rabbits and 95 fetuses stemming from these rabbits. On the 27-th day of pregnancy laparotomy was performed and 1 microgram of thyroxin was administered to the amniotic sac of each fetus in one uterine horn. The fetuses in the second uterine horn, considered as control group, received 0.9% NaCl into their amniotic sac. On the 28-th day cesarean section was carried out, the fluid was collected, the fetuses were taken out, they were weighed and after the lapse of 45 minutes sacrificed by decapitation. The isolated lungs of the fetuses and the amniotic fluid provided the material for further studies. In the amniotic fluid, the content of lecithin and sphingomyelin was determined by thin-layer chromatography. The lungs of fetuses furnished material being used for accomplishing the following types of investigations: determination of mass weight of the wet lungs, and lungs mass after drying, biochemical examination--lecithin and sphingomyelin content in lung homogenates by thin-layer chromatography; histological examination: hematoxylin and eosin stainings by PAS method, argentation by Perdrau method, oil red, toluidine blue stainings as well as electron microscope examination. It has been disclosed that thyroxin administered into the amniotic sac accelerates the fetal lung maturation in rabbits, expressed by higher content of lecithin and by higher ratio of lecithin to sphyngomyelin in fetal lung homogenates at biochemical examinations; it exerts positive effect on the body mass of fetuses and the fetal lung mass, but it fails to influence the lung hydration degree, the sphyngomyelin content in lung homogenates as well as the content of lecithin in the amniotic fluid. The results of histological examination under light microscope have revealed that the lungs of rabbit fetuses in thyroxin group displayed in 70% morphological maturation. The fetal lungs from the control group hardly in 21.1% showed complete maturation. In electron microscopy the fetal lungs in thyroxin group demonstrated more advanced maturation than in the control group, the interalveolar septa were constructed of smaller number of cells, there was a larger number of mature pneumocytes of II type with more abundant lamellar structures, in the alveolar lumen the surfactant appeared markedly more profusely.