BMP-2 and IL-1ß as Markers of Nasal Mucosa Inflammation in Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is characterized by chronic inflammation and hyperplasia of the nasal mucosa. The key mechanism for polyp formation is the expression of molecules that regulate proliferation and inflammation. We studied immunolocalization of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and IL-1ß in the nasal mucosa in patients aged 35-70 years (n=70, mean age 57.4±1.52 years). The typology of polyps was determined depending on the distribution of inflammatory cells, subepithelial edema, the presence of fibrosis and cysts. The immunolocalization of BMP-2 and IL-1ß had the same pattern in edematous, fibrous, and eosinophilic (allergic) polyps. Goblet and connective tissue cells, microvessels and terminal sections of the glands were positively stained. BMP-2+ and IL-1ß+ cells predominated in polyps of the eosinophilic type. BMP-2/IL-1ß can be considered as a specific marker of inflammatory remodeling of the nasal mucosa in refractory rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

[Expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic molecules in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity with polypous rhinosinusitis]. / Ekspressiya pro- i antiapoptoticheskikh molekul v slizistoi obolochke polosti nosa pri polipoznom rinosinusite.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of proapoptotic (p53, p21) and antiapoptotic (MDM2) factors, as well as the distribution of proliferating PCNA-immunoreactive cells in the nasal mucosa in various types of polyposis rhinosinusitis (PRS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied the immunolocalization of proapoptotic (p53, p21) and antiapoptotic (MDM2) factors, as well as the distribution of proliferating PCNA immunoreactive cells in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity for various types of polypous rhinosinusitis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Comparing with the control group, increased expression of all factors is detected. The main portion of marked cells is located in the loose connective tissue of the lamina propria of mucous membrane, a relatively small number of cells are detected in the epithelial layer. The edematous, eosinophilic (allergic) type of PRS is characterized by the expression of p53 and PCNA and by the reduction of MDM2 immunoreactive cells, while the expression of p53 and p21 is reduced in fibroinflammatory (neutrophilic) type. CONCLUSION: PRS is accompanied by epithelial metaplasia, by formation of inflammatory cell infiltrates, fibrosis and edema. The results are discussed in connection with the data on the regulatory role of apoptosis in the pathomorphism of chronic productive inflammation.