RESUMEN
The high incidence of chronic digestive diseases is recorded in chemical industry workers exposed to the isolated action of noxious substances. The aim of the investigation was to make a hygienic assessment of the risk for occupational digestive diseases in chemical industry workers exposed to a combination of noxious drugs. The working conditions and the prevalence of digestive diseases were studied in 4120 workers engaged in chemical and auxiliary processes. Under the isolated action of noxious substances, the workers had an average of 35% increase in the incidence of digestive diseases than unexposed ones (p < 0.05). Under the combined action of hazardous substances, the incidence of digestive diseases was 1.7-fold greater (p < 0.05) than in the unexposed subjects and 1.2-fold greater in those under isolated action. The odd ratio and relative risk for digestive diseases in the workers exposed to a combination of noxious substances were 4.0-11.1 and 3.5-10.7 times higher, respectively (p < 0.05) than in the unexposed subjects.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/efectos adversos , Industria Química , Enfermedades del Sistema Digestivo/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Adulto , Enfermedades del Sistema Digestivo/inducido químicamente , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Higiene , Incidencia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/inducido químicamente , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Siberia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The authors demonstrated that a complex of occupational hazards on chemical enterprise of nitrogenous compounds production causes higher level of occupationally mediated diseases of gastrointestinal tract in the workers exposed.
Asunto(s)
Industria Química , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/epidemiología , Compuestos de Nitrógeno/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Siberia/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Findings are that prevalence of COLD among workers of chemical industrial complex in Kemerovo city, who contact organic chemicals, is 1.6 times higher than that among those in contact with irritants and 5.4 times higher than that in reference group. Chemical industry workers develop dysbalance of pro- and antioxidant processes, that is maximal in those contacting organic solvents.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/efectos adversos , Industria Química , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Broncoconstricción/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/fisiopatología , Factores de Riesgo , Siberia/epidemiología , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
The authors studied influence of chemical hazards with various characteristics on bronchial permeability. Workers exposed to organic chemicals demonstrated respiratory complaints and spirometric signs of bronchial obstruction 1.3-1.8 times more frequently. Longer length of service in hazardous conditions is associated with higher occurrence of bronchial obstruction and more intensive changes of lipid peroxidation.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Ocupacionales del Aire/efectos adversos , Espasmo Bronquial/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Profesionales/fisiopatología , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Espasmo Bronquial/inducido químicamente , Espasmo Bronquial/metabolismo , Broncoconstricción/fisiología , Femenino , Humanos , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Profesionales/metabolismoRESUMEN
In periods of reconstruction of chemical enterprises, hazardous compounds concentrations may exceed MAC, they are also characterized by contamination of the skin with toxic substances, welding aerosols discharge into the working zone, and microclimate distabilization. The workers' health states display functional shifts with concomitant decrease of labour productivity, increase heart rates, a higher 11-oxycorticosteroids contents in saliva and peroxidase activity. Morbidity with temporary disability also increases. A range of health improving measures is needed to be performed at the stages of preventive sanitary control.
