RESUMEN
Over recent years, anti-TNFα have been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The principal secondary effect of anti-TNFα is tuberculosis infections. Another paradoxical effect, previously less well understood, is the development of sarcoid-like granulomatous reactions. We report the case of a 36 year old woman who had been treated for 9 years with anti-TNF alpha. She developed a pulmonary sarcoid-like gra-nulomatosis, complication that is rare but not exceptional in patients treated with TNF-blockers. Discontinuation of anti TNF usually led to recovery. It has been suggested that these reactions mainly occur with etanercept, but this requires further confirmation.
Asunto(s)
Etanercept/efectos adversos , Granuloma/inducido químicamente , Sarcoidosis Pulmonar/inducido químicamente , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Adulto , Antirreumáticos/efectos adversos , Antirreumáticos/uso terapéutico , Etanercept/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Granuloma/patología , Humanos , Sarcoidosis Pulmonar/patologíaRESUMEN
A new electron optic configuration is described in the specific granules of eosinophil leukocytes. Application of the ammonium silver nitrate impregnation after treatment of intact cells with formaldehyde-OsO4 solution reveals regular deposits of 50 A-electron-opaque particles which are localized in the axial region of the central core. They contain acid-extractable proteins that seem to include the eosinophil basic proteins which participate to the local immune response of the host.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Sanguíneas/ultraestructura , Gránulos Citoplasmáticos/ultraestructura , Eosinófilos/ultraestructura , Ribonucleasas , Animales , Proteínas Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Gránulos Citoplasmáticos/metabolismo , Proteínas en los Gránulos del Eosinófilo , Eosinófilos/metabolismo , Cobayas , Microscopía Electrónica , Unión Proteica , Tinción con Nitrato de PlataRESUMEN
CFA/I antigen was isolated and purified from E. coli, mutant 279 B-1-14, serotype 0128:H12, and had the following biochemical and biological features: a) amino-acid content was similar to that of purified antigen prepared from strain H10407; b) latex particles sensitization with purified CFA/I antigen produced bovine and human erythrocytes group A/II hemagglutination in carbohydrates presence; c) purified anti-CFA/I specific antibodies agglutinated CFA/I-positive enterotoxigenic E. coli strains; d) 3H-leucine-labelled CFA/I antigen adhered to rabbits intestinal mucosa at significant values; e) intestinal mucosa pretreating with purified CFA/I antigen, followed by 3H-leucine labelled enterotoxigenic bacteria infection, had a least 3 local effects: 1) intestinal mucosa protection against parental enterotoxigenic bacteria; 2) inhibition of CFA/I-positive bacteria adherence to intestinal mucosa; 3) release of approximately 96% intraluminally inoculated bacteria.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Bacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Enterotoxinas/biosíntesis , Escherichia coli/inmunología , Proteínas Fimbrias , Fimbrias Bacterianas/inmunología , Aminoácidos/análisis , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Antígenos Bacterianos/análisis , Adhesión Bacteriana , Escherichia coli/clasificación , Escherichia coli/patogenicidad , Escherichia coli/ultraestructura , Fimbrias Bacterianas/ultraestructura , Pruebas de Hemaglutinación , Inmunización , Intestino Delgado/microbiología , Microscopía Electrónica , Conejos , SerotipificaciónRESUMEN
Normal macrophages and Salmonella typhi ribosomal antigen-activated (immune) ones were studied by electron microscopy. Examination of fine sections from samples incubated between 30 and 120 minutes at 37 degrees C, emphasized phagocytic ability of activated macrophages (29-69% activated macrophages phagocytized 3.7-5.6 bacteria/cell, in contrast to 23-43% with 2.6-4.4 bacteria/phagocytized by non-immune cells). The ultrastructural studies of activated macrophages, performed by electron microscopy, showed the following aspects: a) macrophages with pseudopodiform prolongations, presenting the tendency of bacterial sequestration: b) phagosomes with ingested virulent germs; c). bacteria presenting various degrees of wall and cytoplasm alterations; d). mitochondria with multiple cristae; e). cells with well developed Golgi apparatus and the presence of lysosomes in great numbers; f). existence of a space between the phagosome membrane and the bacterial wall. Experimental results demonstrated: I. an increased phagocytic activity of Salmonella typhi ribosomal antigen-activated macrophages and II. activation expressed as ultrastructural modifications at the level of immune macrophages and also of the bacteria phagocytized by them.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Activación de Macrófagos/inmunología , Ribosomas/inmunología , Salmonella typhi/inmunología , Animales , Antígenos Bacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Líquido Ascítico/citología , Fraccionamiento Celular , Cobayas , Inmunización , Macrófagos/inmunología , Macrófagos/ultraestructura , Microscopía Electrónica , Fagocitosis/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Experimental results of the present study evidenced the following aspects: a) the antigen, prepared from type I Escherichia coli purified fimbriae (H. 2946 strain), induced immunity at urinary tract level; b) the immunoprotection induced by oral vaccination with multiple doses of fimbriated antigen produced a significant decrease of acute pyelonephritis in newborn guinea pigs and at the same time, a local protection of the urinary tract; c) the immunoprophylaxis by vaccine prepared from fimbriae represents a preferential solution for urinary tract infections prevention in general and especially in children; d) the frequency distribution differences between "protected" and "non-protected" animals were evaluated by chi-square--test with YATES correction and proved to be statistically significant at probability levels.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas Bacterianas/inmunología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/prevención & control , Escherichia coli/inmunología , Fimbrias Bacterianas/inmunología , Inmunización , Pielonefritis/prevención & control , Enfermedad Aguda , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Vacunas Bacterianas/aislamiento & purificación , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Escherichia coli/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/inmunología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Fimbrias Bacterianas/ultraestructura , Cobayas , Microscopía Electrónica , Pielonefritis/inmunología , Pielonefritis/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Leucemia Prolinfocítica de Células T/tratamiento farmacológico , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Citotoxicidad Inmunológica/efectos de los fármacos , Evaluación de Medicamentos , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunidad Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Asesinas Naturales/efectos de los fármacos , Células Asesinas Naturales/inmunología , Leucemia Prolinfocítica de Células T/inmunología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fosfolípidos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The present paper is a histological, histochemical and electron microscopic study of biopsied specimens from both right and left Achilles tendon, sural nerve and gastrocnemius muscle in a case of peripheral neuropathy with decreased sensory conduction velocity within a cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis confirmed biochemically in a 29-year-old woman. The tendon specimens contained large deposits of complex, non-homogeneous lipids, distributed intra- and extracellularly. The right sural nerve specimen showed a very severe neuropathy with massive diffuse myelinated fiber loss, presence of foamy macrophages and lipid droplets in Schwann cells. Segmental de- and remyelination was noted in 17% of the teased myelinated fibers. No onion bulbs were observed. Two years later, the left sural nerve specimen revealed a mild diffuse myelinated fiber loss, a more active segmental de- and remyelination (23%) without onion bulbs, and an active regeneration. Lipid storage aspects were absent. The gastrocnemius muscle specimens exhibited slight alterations of neurogenic origin. The pathogenesis of this neuropathy is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Axones/patología , Lípidos/análisis , Degeneración Nerviosa , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/patología , Células de Schwann/ultraestructura , Xantomatosis/patología , Tendón Calcáneo/análisis , Tendón Calcáneo/ultraestructura , Adulto , Biopsia , Femenino , Humanos , Músculos/análisis , Músculos/ultraestructura , Células de Schwann/metabolismo , Nervio Sural/análisis , Nervio Sural/ultraestructuraAsunto(s)
Colesterol/farmacología , Diploidia , Endotoxinas/farmacología , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Glicósidos/farmacología , Colagenasa Microbiana/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Salmonella typhimurium , Saponinas/farmacología , Células Cultivadas , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/ultraestructura , Humanos , Sustancias Macromoleculares , Microscopía Electrónica , Intercambio de Cromátides Hermanas/efectos de los fármacosAsunto(s)
Células Cultivadas/efectos de los fármacos , Diploidia , Glicósidos/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales , Plantas Tóxicas , Saponinas/farmacología , Veratrum , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cromosomas Humanos/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Humanos , Sustancias Macromoleculares , Microscopía Electrónica , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Citotoxicidad Celular Dependiente de Anticuerpos/efectos de los fármacos , Monocitos/inmunología , Fagocitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Procaína/farmacología , Línea Celular , Humanos , Células Asesinas Naturales/efectos de los fármacos , Células Asesinas Naturales/inmunología , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/inmunología , Monocitos/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
A case of Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome, displaying the characteristic signs (ataxia, congenital cataract and mental retardation) is presented. Electrophysiological examination pointed to the presence of a sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy with an underlying mixed process of segmental demyelination and axonal degeneration (probably secondary). The sural nerve and gastrocnemius biopsy confirmed these data, showing that in this case the segmental demyelination process was accompanied by axonal degeneration.