In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of silymarin/hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposites and its cytotoxic effect using brine shrimp lethality assay.

Silymarin, a bioactive compound, is one of the most prominent drugs used in liver diseases. Chitosan and hydroxyapatite (HAP) are the major materials used employed in many biomedical processes like drug delivery, osteointegration, etc. The nanoparticles and nanocomposites are advanced materials with many biomedical applications in diagnosis and therapeutics. In this study, HAP and chitosan were used as a polymeric material, silymarin as a bioactive compound, and other nanoparticle based combinations. The prepared individual materials and nanocomposites were used for the anti-inflammatory activity and brine shrimp lethality assay. The results clearly show that the nanocomposites are good anti-inflammatory agents with lower toxicity.

Acceleration of Intruding Anterior Tooth by Alveolar Corticotomy.

True intrusion is one of the difficult and complex goals to achieve which requires clinical judgment, skills, and experience. Intrusion requires less force level than other tooth movement, but it requires delicacy since the entire stress is concentrated in the apex of the root. Although true intrusion alone is not challenging, eliminating the adverse effect while intruding requires tedious skills of the clinician. A 17-year-old male patient with Class I malocclusion with open bite has a prominent maxillary cortical bone. He had a convex profile with an unpleasant smile. To reduce the bulkiness of cortical bone and to intrude the upper anterior, so the decision was made to perform corticotomy.

An Evaluation of Retentive Ability and Deformation of Acetal Resin and Cobalt-Chromium Clasps.

AIM: To compare the retentive ability and deformation of Acetal resin with Cobalt-Chromium clasps via Insertion Removal apparatus after subjecting them to stimulate clinical use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Materials used for this study are commercially available Cobalt-Chromium alloy namely Wironit, Bego, Germany and Acetal resin namely Biodentaplast, Bredent, Germany. The test samples were divided into two major groups based on the type of materials used in the study. Each major group is further subdivided into two sub groups based on the retentive undercut depths used to engage the clasps. So a total of 20 specimens were prepared, comprising of 5 specimens in each sub group. Then the specimens were tested for retention force and deformation. RESULTS: The results of this study indicate that acetal resin clasps are resistant to deformation and may offer a clinical advantage over the conventional metal clasps. The retentive force of acetal resin clasps did not decrease over the cycling periods. This would be attributed to the resilient nature of acetal resin. Under the conditions of the present study cobalt chromium clasps lost retentive force within 730 cycles of placement and removal and continued to lose retentive force during the remaining test period. CONCLUSION: This invitro study demonstrated that retentive force of cobalt chromium clasp is superior to that of Acetal resin for removable partial dentures. As acetal resin clasps exhibits greater flexibility and long term retentive resiliency, it can be used for removable partial dentures where aesthetics or periodontal health is a primary concern.

Bonebiomarkers in periodontal disease: a review article.

Periodontitis, is an inflammatory state of the tooth supporting structures and if left untreated, the disease continues to progressive bone destruction and subsequent tooth loss. The increasing prevelance of periodontal disease paved way to the development of new diagnostic tests that could detect the presence of active disease,the course of the disease and its response to treatment. Bone is a metabolically active tissue and undergo continuous remodelling, a process that largely relies on the activity of osteoclasts to remove bone and of osteoblasts to form bone. In health ,bone resorption and formation are coupled to each other and its long term maintenance of skeletal balance is brought about by the systemic hormones and local mediators.In contrasts,during disease there is a pronounced in balance in bone turnover. Bone biomarkers which are produced either in health or in disease state are tell tale markers which would be used to monitor the health status. This review highlights, the recent advances in the use of biomarkers of bone remodelling,that could facilitate the screening, diagnosis and management of periodontal diseases.

Parry-romberg syndrome: a case of late onset with rapid progression.

Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS) or progressive hemifacial atrophy is rare, poorly understood condition with an unclear aetiology and characterized by slow and progressive atrophy affecting one side of the face. PRS is a syndrome with diverse presentation and the most common early sign is a painless cleft, the "coup de sabre" near the midline of the face which marks the boundary between the normal and atrophic tissues. Characteristically, the atrophy starts in the first decade of life and progresses slowly for several years before it becomes quiescent. This article describes a case of PRS in a 19-year-old female patient affecting the right side of the face which is unique in the fact that it had a late onset with rapid progression.

A hard tissue cephalometric comparative study between hand tracing and computerized tracing.

AIMS: To analyze and compare the angular and linear hard tissue cephalometric measurements using hand-tracing and computerized tracings with Nemoceph and Dolphin software systems. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 30 cephalograms were randomly chosen for study with the following criteria, cephalograms of patients with good contrast, no distortion, and minimal radiographic artifacts were considered using the digital method (Kodak 8000 C) with 12 angular and nine linear parameters selected for the study. Comparisons were determined by post-hoc test using Tukey HSD method. The N-Par tests were performed using Kruskal-Walli's method. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: ANOVA and post-hoc. RESULTS: The results of this study show that there is no significant difference in the angular and linear measurements recorded. The P values were significant at 0.05 levels for two parameters, Co-A and Co-Gn with the hand-tracing method. This was significant in ANOVA and post-hoc test by Tukey HSD method. CONCLUSIONS: This study of comparison provides support for transition from digital hand to computerized tracing methodology. In fact, digital computerized tracings were easier and less time consuming, with the same reliability irrespective of each method of tracing.

Composite compound odontoma-a case report.

Composite Compound Odontoma is a rare odontogenic tumour most commonly occuring in the anterior region of maxilla. An 11-year-old female patient reported a complaint of missing left central incisor. Clinical and diagnostic investigation revealed an odontogenic mass in the region of 21. This rare case report appraises the clinical diagnosis, surgical and orthodontic intervention which was planned and performed for its management.

Anterior maxillary intrusion and retraction with corticotomy-facilitated orthodontic treatment and burstone three piece intrusive arch.

An adult patient with proclination and spacing was performed orthodontic treatment combined with corticotomy and the burstone three piece intrusive arch who desired a shortened treatment period. The patient had Angle's Class I malocclusion with flaring of the maxillary and mandibular incisors. Pre adjusted edgewise appliance (MBT prescription) was fixed to the maxillary and mandibular teeth. Then corticotomy was performed on the cortical bone of the buccal sides in the maxillary anterior regions. Intrusion and retraction initiated immediately after the corticotomy. The intrusive arch was adjusted once in every 2 weeks. The total treatment time for intrusion was 5 months. Cephalometric superimpositions showed no anchorage loss, and panoramic radiographs showed neither significant reduction in the crestal bone height nor marked apical root resorption. A corticotomy-facilitated orthodontic treatment shortened treatment period without any anchorage loss or adverse effects.