RESUMEN
This investigation is vital contribution to the healthcare system utilizing techniques of nanobiotechnology. It interestingly applies chitosan capped CuO nanoparticles in the field of medicine and restorative dentistry. The CuO nanoparticles and CuO-Chitosan nanoparticles are prepared by co-precipitation, and their characterization is performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The average crystallite size of these nanoparticles has been found to be in the dimensions of <40 nm and <35 nm, respectively. CuO-Chitosan nanoparticles show significant enhancement in in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antidiabetic activity as compared to CuO nanoparticles. In addition, the successful amalgamation of CuO nanoparticles and CuO-Chitosan nanoparticles into dentine bonding agents results in providing efficient remedy against secondary caries. CuO-Chitosan nanoparticles reinforced dental adhesive discs cause significant upsurge in reduction of Lactobacillus acidophillus and Streptococcus mutans. Also, the augmentation of mechanical properties, water sorption and solubility plus slow and sustained release profile and slight variation of shear bond strength is attained. Taken together, the chemically synthesized CuO nanoparticles and CuO-Chitosan nanoparticles have proven to be promising candidates having enormous potential to be utilized in drug delivery and nanotheranostics.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Quitosano/química , Cobre/química , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Hipoglucemiantes/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Nanomedicina/métodos , Animales , Artemia , Bacillus subtilis/efectos de los fármacos , Bacillus subtilis/fisiología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Caries Dental/tratamiento farmacológico , Odontología , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/fisiología , Lactobacillus acidophilus/efectos de los fármacos , Lactobacillus acidophilus/fisiología , Nanopartículas del Metal/análisis , Nanopartículas del Metal/toxicidad , Nanopartículas del Metal/ultraestructura , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión , Tamaño de la Partícula , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/fisiología , Solubilidad , Espectrometría por Rayos X , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Streptococcus/efectos de los fármacos , Streptococcus/genética , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
To find the best option to treat White Spot Lesion in existing caries treatments, and to identify the selected articles discussing etiology of caries along with White spot lesion. Null hypothesis was that "Only anticariogenic agent can cure White Spot Lesion". PRISMA guidelines were used to conduct the systematic analysis. An electronic customized search was performed using mesh terminologies on PubMed database based on inclusion criteria that included studies with; any treatment option that can treat or prevent WSL; and minimally invasive treatment options that may be altered to treat WSL. While exclusion criteria comprised studies with treatment of rampant caries, severe early childhood caries and root caries. Inclusion criteria for etiological factors incorporated studies with factors that lead to white spot lesion or carious lesion. Finally, therapeutic agents of dental caries were analyzed. Only the use of anti-cariogenic agent cannot cure White Spot Lesion. Hence study fails to prove the null hypothesis. Although combination of anti-cariogenic agents with a re-mineralizing agent can provide additional options for the treatment or prevention of WSL.