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1.
J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs ; 37(4): e12479, 2024 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39252544

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine the mental health conditions of adolescents in the city of Manizales, Colombia, and explore risk regarding gender-based differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Quantitative, nonexperimental, descriptive research with associative scope. A total of 316 adolescents were assessed using five scales to evaluate mental health conditions: the Perceived Stress Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Penn Alcohol Craving Scale and The Substance Dependence Severity Scale. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed, Chi square and Odds Ratio were tested. RESULTS: The findings indicated that being female is a risk factor for high levels of perceived stress, depressive episodes and anxiety. Additionally, adolescents who are not attending school are at higher risk for dependence and abuse of psychoactive substances. Conversely, being female acts as a protective factor against dependence on psychoactive substances. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest a higher tendency among the participants towards experiencing depressive episodes. Regarding perceived stress, 71.5% of the participants fell into the low category, while 70.6% experienced a current episode of generalized anxiety.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias , Humanos , Colombia/epidemiología , Adolescente , Femenino , Masculino , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Trastornos de Ansiedad/epidemiología
2.
Vaccine ; 42(26): 126319, 2024 Sep 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39244424

RESUMEN

Live vaccines are contraindicated in patients on immunosuppressive therapy. We conducted a retrospective study evaluating the administration of a live vaccine in patients with IBD on immunosuppressive therapy. The primary outcome was to determine clinical or disseminated disease episodes within three months of vaccine administration in patients who inadvertently received a live vaccine. Thirty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-two received the measles, mumps, and varicella (MMR) vaccine, nine received the live zoster vaccine, and one received the varicella vaccine (VAR). Three patients received both the MMR and VAR. The majority of our cohort (20, 57 %) were on anti-tumor necrosis factor, followed by azathioprine (12, 34 %) and vedolizumab (3, 9 %). Although live vaccines are contraindicated in patients on immunosuppressive therapy, none of the patients in this study reported any infections after inadvertent immunization. Further studies are required to address the safety and effectiveness of live vaccine administration in this population.

3.
PeerJ ; 12: e18196, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39346033

RESUMEN

Background: Systematizing reliable protocols and procedures for strength assessment in handball has allowed for a more thorough kinetic analysis and increased precision in detecting training-induced changes in muscular strength. The evaluation of upper limb strength with a bilateral standing press (BSP) exercise in handball players approximates blocking actions in the defensive phase, pushing and fixation. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the relative and absolute reliability of intra-session comparisons in an isometric peak muscle strength protocol in a bilateral standing press (BSP) exercise among female handball players. Methods: Sixteen young female handball players at an international level, aged between 22 ± 4 years, with no prior experience in using functional electromechanical dynamometers (FEMD) participated in this study. The participants initiated the assessment of maximum isometric force in a bipedal stance with a forward projection of the dominant foot between 20 and 30 cm. The knees were kept semi-flexed, and the hip extension of the non-dominant limb ranged from 15 to 20°. Bilateral anterior push of the upper limb was performed with shoulder abduction and elbow flexion at 90°, maintaining a pronated hand position. Participants were instructed to exert three sets of maximal force for 5 s in BSP exercise. Relative reliability was assessed using the model intraclass correlation (ICC) and absolute reliability was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV) and standard error of measurement (SEM). For this study, the parameters of maximum and mean muscle strength were considered. Results: The results demonstrated high relative reliability (ICC 0.93-0.97) and absolute reliability (SEM 0.19-2.79) y (CV 4.78-9.03) for both mean force and peak force, with no significant differences between the sets (p > 0.05), indicating a negligible effect size (0.01-0.12). Conclusion: The mean and peak isometric muscle strength for the BSP exercise controlled with FEMD in female handball players exhibits high relative and absolute reliability between series.


Asunto(s)
Contracción Isométrica , Fuerza Muscular , Deportes , Humanos , Femenino , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Adulto Joven , Contracción Isométrica/fisiología , Deportes/fisiología , Adulto , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Atletas , Adolescente
4.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; : e31262, 2024 Aug 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39133030

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The International Society of Paediatric Oncology Society Global Mapping Program aims to describe the local pediatric oncology capacities. Here, we report the data from Latin America. METHODS: A 10-question survey was distributed among chairs of pediatric oncology services. Centers were classified according to patient volume into high- (HVC; 100 or more new cases per year), medium- (MVC; 31-99 cases), and low-volume centers (LVC; 30 cases or less), respectively. National referral centers (NRC) were identified. RESULTS: Total 307 centers in 20 countries were identified (271 responded), and 264 responses were evaluable, accounting for 78% of the expected cases (21,359 cases per year). Seventy-seven percent of patients are treated in public centers, including additional support by civil society organizations. We found that 66% of the patients are treated in 70 centers of excellence, including 21 NRC. There was a median of one pediatric oncologist every 21 newly diagnosed patients (44 for NRC), and in 84% of the centers, nurses rotated to other services. A palliative care team was lacking in 25% of the centers. LVC with public funding have significantly lower probability of having a palliative care team or trained pediatric oncology surgeons. Psychosocial, pharmacy, and nutrition services were available in more than 93% of the centers. No radiotherapy facility was available on campus in nine of 21 NRC. CONCLUSIONS: Most children with cancer in Latin America are treated in public HVC. There is a scarcity of pediatric oncologists, specialized nurses and surgeons, and palliative care teams, especially in centers with public funding.

6.
Sports (Basel) ; 12(7)2024 Jun 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39058066

RESUMEN

The purpose of the study was to analyze the test-retest reliability of an isometric and isometric/vibratory muscular strength protocol in the bilateral seated bench press (BSBP), bilateral seated rowing (BSR), unilateral seated right knee extension (USKER), and left knee extension (USKEL) tests controlled using functional electromechanical dynamometry (FEMD) in healthy young adults. A repeated measures design was used to determine the reliability of a muscular strength protocol in isometric and isometric vibration modes with FEMD. No significant differences were found in test-retest analysis (p > 0.05; ES < 0.20); and high reliability (CV = 4.65-5.02%; ICC = 0.99-0.98) was found for BSBP measures, and acceptable reliability (CV = 3.71-9.61%; ICC = 0.98-0.95) was found for BSR, USKER, and USKEL. Furthermore, the coefficients between the two measures were strong (r = 0.963-0.839) and highly significant (p = 0.001) for maximal strength in the isometric and maximal isometric/vibratory assessment of muscle strength in all muscle strength tests. This study demonstrates that isometric and maximal isometric/vibratory strength in the BSBP, BSR, USKER, and USKEL tests can be measured with high reliability and reproducibility using the FEMD.

7.
AIMS Public Health ; 11(2): 577-600, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39027399

RESUMEN

This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of exercise, physical activity, and sports on physical fitness in adults with Down syndrome (DS). A literature search was conducted across four databases EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The PEDro scale and the Cochrane risk of bias tool were used to assess the quality and risk of the studies, respectively. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42023449627). Of the 423 records initially found, 13 were finally included in the systematic review, in which 349 adults with DS participated. 92% of the articles declared at least one significant difference post-intervention. The available evidence indicates that exercise, physical activity, and sports have a positive effect on some variables of physical fitness, especially strength, balance, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, and functional capacity. Furthermore, it should be considered as an additional treatment or complementary therapy to improve the functionality and quality of life of adults with DS.

8.
Biomaterials ; 311: 122686, 2024 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38971122

RESUMEN

Shear stress generated by the flow of blood in the vasculature is a potent regulator of endothelial cell function and vascular structure. While vascular responses to flow are complex and context-dependent, endothelial cell signaling in response to shear stress induced by laminar flows is coordinated by the transcription factor KLF2. The flow-dependent expression of KLF2 in endothelial cells is associated with a quiescent, anti-inflammatory phenotype and has been well characterized in two-dimensional systems but has not been studied in three-dimensional in vitro systems. Here we develop engineered microvascular networks (MVNs) that incorporate a KLF2-based endothelial cell flow sensor within a microfluidic chip, apply continuous flow using an attached microfluidic pump, and study the effects of this flow on vascular structure and function. We found that application of flow to MVNs for 48 h resulted in increased expression of the KLF2 reporter, larger vessel diameters, and decreased vascular branching and resistance. Notably, vessel diameters after the application of flow were independent of initial MVN morphologies. Finally, we found that MVNs exposed to flow have improved vascular barrier function and decreased platelet adhesion. MVNs with KLF2-based flow sensors represent a novel, powerful tool for evaluating the structural and functional effects of flow on engineered three-dimensional vascular systems.


Asunto(s)
Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel , Microvasos , Ingeniería de Tejidos , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/genética , Humanos , Microvasos/metabolismo , Microvasos/citología , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodos , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Células Endoteliales/citología , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Animales , Estrés Mecánico
9.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr ; 52(3): 221-229, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38863050

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Addiction behaviors are primary contributors to mental health issues among adolescents, often utilized as coping mechanisms or emotional regulation tools. This study aimed to establish the content validity of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) for Colombian adolescents, recognized for its representation of the cognitive-emotional aspects of craving. METHODOLOGY: This quantitative research focused on instrument validation. Seven subject matter experts evaluated the scale in terms of pertinence, relevance, usefulness, sufficiency, clarity, and appearance. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 22, calculating internal consistency and the Content Validity Index. Qualitative feedback from experts was compiled in an Excel matrix, facilitating grammatical and semantic adjustments to the instrument. RESULTS: Cronbach's Alpha values for each item and the scale exceeded 0.8. Content Validity Index scores exceeded 0.7 in four out of five evaluated criteria. These results supported retaining all scale items in the Colombian version. CONCLUSIONS: The content validation process yielded an instrument that satisfied expert opinion regarding conceptual constructs and explanatory power for the Colombian adolescent population.


Asunto(s)
Ansia , Humanos , Adolescente , Colombia , Masculino , Femenino , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Conducta Adictiva/psicología , Conducta Adictiva/diagnóstico
10.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 273(Pt 2): 132898, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38844280

RESUMEN

This study explored the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using novel biohydrogel composites comprising chitosan, and a photocatalyst consisting in TiO2 P25 decorated with Au and/or Cu mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) to boost its optical and catalytic properties. Low loads of Cu and Au (1 mol%) were incorporated onto TiO2 via a green photodeposition methodology. Characterization techniques confirmed the incorporation of decoration metals as well as improvements in the light absorption properties in the visible light interval (λ > 390 nm) and electron transfer capability of the semiconductors. Thereafter, Au and/or Cu NP-supported TiO2 were incorporated into chitosan-based physically crosslinked hydrogels revealing significant interactions between chitosan functional groups (hydroxyls, amines and amides) with the NPs to ensure its encapsulation. These materials were evaluated as photocatalysts for the HER using water and methanol mixtures under simulated sunlight and visible light irradiation. Sample CuAuTiO2/ChTPP exhibited a maximum hydrogen generation of 1790 µmol g-1 h-1 under simulated sunlight irradiation, almost 12-folds higher compared with TiO2/ChTPP. Also, the nanocomposites revealed a similar tendency under visible light with a maximum hydrogen production of 590 µmol g-1 h-1. These results agree with the efficiency of photoinduced charge separation revealed by transient photocurrent and EIS.


Asunto(s)
Quitosano , Cobre , Hidrogeles , Hidrógeno , Luz Solar , Titanio , Quitosano/química , Titanio/química , Catálisis , Hidrógeno/química , Cobre/química , Hidrogeles/química , Oro/química , Procesos Fotoquímicos , Nanocompuestos/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química
11.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol ; 14: 1339285, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38720961

RESUMEN

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), often referred to as nature's antibiotics, are ubiquitous in living organisms, spanning from bacteria to humans. Their potency, versatility, and unique mechanisms of action have garnered significant research attention. Unlike conventional antibiotics, peptides are biodegradable, adding to their appeal as potential candidates to address bacterial resistance in livestock farming-a challenge that has been under scrutiny for decades. This issue is complex and multifactorial, influenced by a variety of components. The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed a comprehensive approach known as One Health, emphasizing the interconnectedness of human-animal-environment relationships in tackling such challenges. This review explores the application of AMPs in livestock farming and how they can mitigate the impact of this practice within the One Health framework.


Asunto(s)
Péptidos Antimicrobianos , Ganado , Salud Única , Ganado/microbiología , Animales , Humanos , Péptidos Antimicrobianos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos
12.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 268(Pt 2): 131647, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38653432

RESUMEN

Herein, we describe a detailed protocol to extract the mucilage from different species of the genus Opuntia spp. (i.e., Opuntia Ficus (OFi), Opuntia Dillenii (ODi) and Opuntia Robusta (ORo)). The extracted mucilage was characterized by NMR, FTIR-ATR, HPLC, and TGA. OFi was found to have the highest phenolic content, 7.84 ± 1.93 mg catechol/g mucilage. The mucilage from the three species were characterized by having a high content of monosaccharides, being mannose and glucose the most abundant components (ca. 48-73 % and 23-35 %, respectively). In the context of biomass revalorization, the mucilage was proven to serve as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNP/mucilage). The synthesis was optimized with a mucilage concentration of 2 mg/mL using 12.5 µL of KAuCl4 and was carried out at 80 °C for 90 min. This protocol afforded spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 9.7 ± 4.0 nm that were stable for at least 14 days, as demonstrated by TEM. Synthesized AuNP/mucilage was evaluated as a plasmonic catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol as model reaction, showing a considerable enhancement in its kapp of 97 % under white light and a decrease of 24.8 % in its activation energy.


Asunto(s)
Oro , Opuntia , Mucílago de Planta , Opuntia/química , Mucílago de Planta/química , Oro/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Fenoles/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Monosacáridos/química , Monosacáridos/análisis
13.
Pediatr Blood Cancer ; 71(6): e30973, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38556746

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Latin American countries are improving childhood cancer care, showing strong commitment to implement the Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer, but there are scant publications of the situation at a continental level. METHODS: As part of the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Global Mapping project, delegates of each country participating in the Latin American Society of Pediatric Oncology (SLAOP) and chairs of national pediatric oncology societies and cooperative groups were invited to provide information regarding availability of national pediatric cancer control programs (NPCCP), pediatric oncology laws, pediatric oncology tumor registries, and training programs and support to diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS: Nineteen of the 20 countries participating in SLAOP responded. National delegates reported nine countries with NPCCP and four of them were launched in the past 5 years. National pediatric tumor registries are available in eight countries, and three provided published survival results. Fellowship programs for training pediatric oncologists are available in 12 countries. National delegates reported that eight countries provide support to most essential diagnosis and treatments and 11 provide partial or minimal support that is supplemented by civil society organizations. Seven countries have a pediatric oncology law. There are three international cooperative groups and four national societies for pediatric oncology. CONCLUSION: Despite many challenges, there were dramatic advances in survivorship, access to treatment, and availability of NPCCP in Latin America. Countries with highest social development scores in general provide more complete support and are more likely to have NPCCP, training programs, and reported survival results.

14.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 44(1): 303-309, Feb. 2024. tab
Artículo en Inglés | IBECS | ID: ibc-231299

RESUMEN

Introduction: Depression is related with poor musclestrength, and deficiencies of microelements such as Zinc (Zn).Otherwise, Zn is related with muscle strength, but there is noevidence of the relations between muscle strength and Znlevels in depression. Objective: To determine the association between serum Zn levels, handgrip muscle strength, and depression. Methods: An observational, analytical case-control study. 102 depressive patients hospitalized at the San Juan de DiosClinic in Manizales, and 36 controls with no personal historyof mental illness were evaluated for depression severity,serum Zn levels, and handgrip muscle strength. The groupswere matched by sex, age, educational level, and socioeco-nomic stratum. The severity of depression was assessed us-ing the Montgomery–Asberg Rating Scale (MADRS). Serum Znlevels were determined, and handgrip muscle strength wasassessed using dynamometer. Descriptive analysis, logistic reression and linear models were performed with depressionand severity of depression as dependent variables. Results: Lower Zn levels and reduced handgrip musclestrength were related to the presence of depression with thelogistic model. Lower handgrip muscle strength and severityof depression were associated with the linear model. Conclusion: An association was found between depressionand low Zn levels, and an inverse association between severityof depression and handgrip muscle strength. Future studiesshould investigate causality, and to evaluate the relationshipbetween depression, muscle strength and nutritional status.(AU)


Introducción: La depresión se encuentra relacionada con una disminución de la fuerza muscular y deficiencia de microelementos como el Zinc (Zn). De otra parte, el Zn está relacionado con la fuerza muscular, sin embargo, no hay evidencia si existe una asociación entre fuerza muscular y Zn en depresión. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre niveles séricos de Zn, fuerza muscular y depresión. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico de casos y controles. Participaron 102 pacientes hospitalizados en la Clínica San Juan de Dios de Manizales y 36 controles sin historia personal de enfermedad mental. Fueron evaluados la severidad de la depresión, los niveles séricos de Zn y la fuerza de agarre manual. Los grupos fueron pareados por edad, sexo, escolaridad y estrato socioeconómico. La severidad de la depresión se evaluó con la escala de depresión Montgomery-Asberg (MADRS), se determinaron niveles séricos de Zn y la fuerza muscular fue evaluada con por dinamometría. Se realizo un análisis descriptivo, y modelos de regresión logística y regresión lineal con depresión y severidad de la depresión como variables dependientes.Resultados: El modelo de regresión logística encontró una asociación entre los niveles bajos de Zn y la fuerza muscular con la presencia de depresión. El modelo de regresión lineal encontró una relación entre menor fuerza de agarre y severidad de la depresión.Conclusión: Existe una asociación entre depresión y niveles bajos de Zn, y una relación inversamente proporcional entre severidad de la depresión y menor fuerza muscular. Estudios en el futuro deben investigar relaciones de causalidad y evaluar la relación entre depresión, fuerza muscular y estado nutricional.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Fuerza Muscular , Zinc/administración & dosificación , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Depresión , Recolección de Muestras de Sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Colombia
15.
Clin Transl Gastroenterol ; 15(4): e00688, 2024 Apr 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38349178

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Studies suggest that the generation of durable T-cell immunity following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination protects against severe disease. The aim of this study was to measure cell-mediated immune response (CMIR) 1-2 months and 6 months after a third dose of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. METHODS: This prospective study (HumoRal and CellULar initial and Sustained immunogenicity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]) evaluated CMIR at 28-65 days (t 1 ) after dose 2, 28-65 days (t 2 ) (n = 183) and 6 months (±45 days) (t 3 ) (n = 167) after a third dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. A small cohort had blood sample available 28-65 days (t 4 ) (n = 55) after a fourth dose. Primary outcomes were CMIR at (t 2 ) and (t 3 ). Secondary outcomes included the effect of immunosuppressing IBD medications on CMIR and response at (t 4 ). RESULTS: All patients had measurable CMIR at all time points. CMIR increased at t 2 compared with that at t 1 (median 1,467 responding cells per million (interquartile range [IQR] 410-5,971) vs 313 (94-960) P < 0.001). There was no significant waning in t 2 vs t 3 or significant boosting at t 4 . Those on anti-tumor necrosis factor monotherapy had a higher CMIR compared with those not on this therapy at t 2 (4,132 [IQR 1,136-8,795] vs 869 [IQR 343-3,221] P < 0.001) and t 3 (2,843 [IQR 596-6,459] vs 654 [IQR 143-2,067] P < 0.001). In univariable analysis, anti-tumor necrosis factor monotherapy was associated with a higher CMIR at t 2 ( P < 0.001) and t 3 ( P < 0.001) and confirmed in a multivariable model ( P < 0.001). DISCUSSION: A third dose of a COVID-19 vaccine boosts CMIR, and the response is sustained in patients with IBD.


Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Inmunidad Celular , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/inmunología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios Prospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/inmunología , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/inmunología , Vacunas contra la COVID-19/administración & dosificación , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , Inmunidad Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inmunogenicidad Vacunal , Inhibidores del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Anticuerpos Antivirales/inmunología , Vacuna BNT162/administración & dosificación , Vacuna BNT162/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Inmunosupresores/administración & dosificación , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Anciano
16.
Pediatr Ann ; 53(2): e62-e69, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38302126

RESUMEN

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder that has a high prevalence in patients with craniofacial, neurocognitive, and neuromuscular disorders. Currently, the treatments for this population are diverse and depend on the individual conditions of the patient and the severity of the case. However, there are no multidisciplinary dental treatment guidelines. The aim of the present study was to determine the multidisciplinary dental treatment alternatives in patients with craniofacial, neurocognitive, and neuromuscular disorders with a diagnosis of OSA through evidence-based medicine. A systematic review of the literature has been performed by searching scientific articles in the PubMed, Cochrane, Ovid, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases, through controlled and uncontrolled language. Articles were classified according to the level of evidence and grades of recommendation through the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. A total of 19,439 references were identified, of which 15 articles met the predetermined requirements to be included in the investigation. The articles included for this systematic review showed that mandibular distraction osteogenesis and adenotonsilectomy are the first-choice therapies for craniofacial and neurocognitive disorders. However, for neuromuscular disorders, the findings reported were not enough to provide information about surgical or nonsurgical alternatives. Despite the reported high frequency of OSA in those children with craniofacial, neurocognitive, and neuromuscular disorders, the evidence on the surgical and nonsurgical therapeutic success for OSA in these patients is scarce. It is necessary to perform future studies to investigate successful therapies for OSA in children. [Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(2):e62-e69.].


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Neuromusculares , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño , Niño , Humanos , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/complicaciones , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/diagnóstico , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/terapia , Enfermedades Neuromusculares/complicaciones , Enfermedades Neuromusculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Neuromusculares/terapia
17.
Environ Res ; 247: 118204, 2024 Apr 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38224938

RESUMEN

The synthesis of CuAu-based monometallic (MNPs) and bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) supported on chitosan-based hydrogels for their application as catalysts is presented. The hydrogels consisted of chitosan chains cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (TPP) in the form of beads with an approximate average diameter of 1.81 mm. The MNPs and BNPs were obtained by the adsorption of metallic ions and their subsequent reduction with hydrazine, achieving a metallic loading of 0.297 mmol per gram of dry sample, with average nanoparticle sizes that were found between 2.6 and 4.4 nm. Both processes, metal adsorption and the stabilization of the nanoparticles, are mainly attributed to the participation of chitosan hydroxyl, amine and amide functional groups. The materials revealed important absorption bands in the visible region of the light spectra, specifically between 520 and 590 nm, mainly attributed to LSPR given the nature of the MNPs and BNPs inside the hydrogels. Subsequently, the hydrogels were evaluated as catalysts against the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) into 4-aminophenol (4AP), followed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The kinetic advance of the reaction revealed important improvements in the catalytic activity of the materials by synergistic effect of BNPs and plasmonic enhancement under visible light irradiation, given the combination of metals and the light harvesting properties of the nanocomposites. Finally, the catalytic performance of hydrogels containing BNPs CuAu 3:1 showed an important selectivity, recyclability and reusability performance, due to the relevant interaction of the BNPs with the chitosan matrix, highlighting the potential of this nanocomposite as an effective catalyst, with a potential environmental application.


Asunto(s)
Quitosano , Nanopartículas del Metal , Hidrogeles/química , Quitosano/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Plata/química , Catálisis
18.
Repert. med. cir ; 33(2): 115-116, 2024.
Artículo en Español | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1556313

RESUMEN

La Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud FUCS creó en 2021 la Vicerrectoría de Proyección Social, con la función principal de interactuar y beneficiar a la comunidad a través de labores de extensión, salud comunitaria, educación continuada, relacionamiento con otras instituciones y responsabilidad social, ramas que tienen una clara representación dentro de las diferentes dependencias de dicha función sustantiva y que aportan en forma directa a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Una de las divisiones que hace más evidente dicha labor es la de salud comunitaria, con la que se han logrado acumular miles de beneficiarios, teniendo en su haber 378441 durante 2023, con actividades que se dividen en cuatro grandes programas: FUCS al parque, espacios educativos saludables, vivienda, familia y salud, y entorno seguro para el paciente y su familia. Se busca realizar promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad a través de labores presenciales dentro de instituciones educativas de todo nivel, en parques, empresas e instituciones hospitalarias, así como las virtuales con los espacios de Pregúntele al Especialista, o en diversos canales de comunicación.


The Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud FUCS created in 2021 the Vice Rector's Office of Social Outreach, with the main function of interacting and benefiting the community through outreach work, community health, continuing education, relations with other institutions and social responsibility, branches that have a clear representation within the different units of this substantive function and that contribute directly to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). One of the divisions that makes this work more evident is that of community health, with which thousands of beneficiaries have been accumulated, with 378,441 beneficiaries during 2023, with activities divided into four major programs: FUCS to the park, healthy educational spaces, housing, family and health, and safe environment for the patient and his or her family. The aim is to promote health and prevent disease through face-to-face activities in educational institutions at all levels, in parks, companies and hospitals, as well as virtual activities through the Ask the Specialist spaces, or through various communication channels.


Asunto(s)
Humanos
19.
Insect Biochem Mol Biol ; 163: 104031, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37918449

RESUMEN

Odorant receptors (ORs) are key specialized units for mate and host finding in moths of the Ditrysia clade, to which 98% of the lepidopteran species belong. Moth ORs have evolved to respond to long unsaturated acetates, alcohols, or aldehydes (Type I sex pheromones), falling into conserved clades of pheromone receptors (PRs). These PRs might have evolved from old lineages of non-Ditrysian moths that use plant volatile-like pheromones. However, a Ditrysian moth called the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (a worldwide-distributed pest of beehives), uses C9-C11 saturated aldehydes as the main sex pheromone components (i.e., nonanal and undecanal). Thus, these aldehydes represent unusual components compared with the majority of moth species that use, for instance, Type I sex pheromones. Current evidence shows a lack of consensus in the amount of ORs for G. mellonella, although consistent in that the moth does not have conserved PRs. Using genomic data, 62 OR candidates were identified, 16 being new genes. Phylogeny showed no presence of ORs in conserved PR clades. However, an OR with the highest transcript abundance, GmelOR4, appeared in a conserved plant volatile-detecting clade. Functional findings from the HEK system showed the OR as sensitive to nonanal and 2-phenylacetaldehyde, but not to undecanal. It is believed that to date GmelOR4 represents the first, but likely not unique, OR with a stable function in detecting aldehydes that help maintain the life cycle of G. mellonella around honey bee colonies.


Asunto(s)
Mariposas Nocturnas , Receptores Odorantes , Atractivos Sexuales , Animales , Abejas/genética , Mariposas Nocturnas/genética , Atractivos Sexuales/genética , Aldehídos , Receptores de Feromonas/genética , Receptores Odorantes/genética
20.
bioRxiv ; 2023 Nov 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37961543

RESUMEN

Shear stress generated by the flow of blood in the vasculature is a potent regulator of endothelial cell phenotype and vascular structure. While vascular responses to flow are complex and context-dependent, endothelial cell signaling in response to shear stress induced by laminar flows is coordinated by the transcription factor KLF2. The expression of KLF2 in endothelial cells is associated with a quiescent, anti-inflammatory phenotype and has been well characterized in two-dimensional systems, but has not been studied in three-dimensional in vitro systems. Here we develop engineered microvascular networks (MVNs) with a KLF2-based endothelial cell sensor within a microfluidic chip, apply continuous flow using an attached microfluidic pump, and study the effects of this flow on vascular structure and function. We found that culture of MVNs exposed to flow for 48 hours that resulted in increased expression of the KLF2-GFP-reporter display larger vessel diameters and decreased vascular branching and resistance. Additionally, vessel diameters after the application of flow were independent of initial MVN morphologies. Finally, we found that MVNs exposed to flow have improved vascular barrier function and decreased platelet adhesion. The MVNs with KLF2-based flow sensors represent a powerful tool for evaluating the structural and functional effects of flow on engineered three-dimensional vascular systems.

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