RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this pilot study was to describe problems in functioning and associated rehabilitation needs in persons with spinal cord injury after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti by applying a newly developed tool based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). DESIGN: Pilot study. SUBJECTS: Eighteen persons with spinal cord injury (11 women, 7 men) participated in the needs assessment. Eleven patients had complete lesions (American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale; AIS A), one patient had tetraplegia. METHODS: Data collection included information from the International Spinal Cord Injury Core Data Set and a newly developed needs assessment tool based on ICF Core Sets. This tool assesses the level of functioning, the corresponding rehabilitation need, and required health professional. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: In body functions and body structures, patients showed typical problems following spinal cord injury. Nearly all patients showed limitations and restrictions in their activities and participation related to mobility, self-care and aspects of social integration. Several environmental factors presented barriers to these limitations and restrictions. However, the availability of products and social support were identified as facilitators. Rehabilitation needs were identified in nearly all aspects of functioning. To address these needs, a multidisciplinary approach would be needed. CONCLUSION: This ICF-based needs assessment provided useful information for rehabilitation planning in the context of natural disaster. Future studies are required to test and, if necessary, adapt the assessment.
Asunto(s)
Terremotos , Evaluación de Necesidades , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/rehabilitación , Actividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Personas con Discapacidad/clasificación , Femenino , Haití , Humanos , Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/clasificación , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Por meio da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) preparou o terreno para uma compreensão abrangente da Pesquisa em Funcionalidade Humana e Reabilitação que integra a perspectiva biomédica da deficiência ao modelo social da incapacidade. Esta nova compreensão introduz uma série de desafios novos e antigos relacionados ao aprimoramento da capacidade de pesquisa adequada. Resumiremos aqui abordagens que procuraram dar conta destes desafios em relação a três áreas: a organização da Pesquisa em Reabilitação e Funcionalidade Humana em áreas científicas distintas, o desenvolvimento de programas acadêmicos de treinamento adequados e a estruturação de centros universitários e redes de cooperação.