Peritoneal tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium caprae.

The incidence of tuberculosis in humans due to Mycobacterium caprae is very low and is almost confined to Europe. We report a case of a previously healthy 41-year-old Moroccan with a 6 month history of abdominal pain, weight loss, fatigue and diarrhea. A diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis due to M. caprae was made.

Identity, virulence genes, and clonal relatedness of Aeromonas isolates from patients with diarrhea and drinking water.

Among 800 stool specimens from patients with diarrhea submitted by Primary Care Centers for routine analysis to the Hospital of León (NW Spain) Microbiology and Parasitology Service, 32 (4%) were tested positive for Aeromonas spp. Mixed infections with other enteric pathogens occurred in 12 patients. A. caviae was isolated from 23 clinical specimens. There were also patients infected with A. media, A. hydrophila, A. bestiarum, and A. veronii biovar veronii. All but three isolates carried one or more of the virulence genes. The incidence of the alt, hlyA, aerA, ast, and laf genes was 71.9, 28.1, 25.0, 18.8, and 9.4%, respectively. The alt(+)/ast(+) combination was detected in four isolates and the aerA(+)/hlyA(+) combination was detected in the two A. hydrophila isolates. None of the strains harbored the TTSS, stx1, or stx2 genes and nine bore plasmids. Thirty clinical isolates and a collection of 12 A. caviae and A. media strains obtained from León municipal drinking water over the study period were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). PFGE patterns revealed genetic relatedness and persistence over time among water isolates and some clinical isolates. Interestingly, one A. caviae (aerA(-)/hlyA(-)/alt(+)/ast(-)/laf(+)) human isolate and two A. caviae (aerA(-)/hlyA(-)/alt(+)/ast(-)/laf(+)) drinking water isolates had indistinguishable PFGE patterns, suggesting waterborne infection.

Pneumonia due to Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in a patient with Crohn's disease treated with infliximab.

Infliximab, an anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) antibody, is useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease etc. It has been related to increases in the rate of several infections. We present the case of a 53-year-old woman diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia due to Nocardia cyriacigeorgica who was taking infliximab, azathioprine and prednisone for Crohn's disease.

Enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria causada por actinomyces israelii / Pelvic inflamatory disease caused by actinomyces israelii

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Pulmonary tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis in León.

In recent years, human infection due to Mycobacterium bovis has been considered almost eradicated in most industrialised countries. During the period 1998-2002, nine patients were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) due to M. bovis in the Hospital Monte San Isidro, León, Spain. Their average age was 66 years. The response to therapy was good in seven cases, while two died, one from renal TB and the other from cancer of the pancreatic head.

Bacteriemia por Campylobacter fetus en paciente inmunocompetente / Campylobacter fetus bacteremia in immunocompetent patient

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Bacteriemia recurrente por Bacillus cereus / Recurrent bacteremia due to Bacillus cereus

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[Pneumonia diagnosed with bronchoscopy in HIV-positive patients]. / Neumonías diagnosticadas por broncoscopia en pacientes HIV-positivos.

BACKGROUND: The object of our research is to analyse the microbiological results of the samples which have been obtained by means of fibronchoscopy (FB) from HIV positive patients from 1991 until 1993. METHODS: Sixty fibrobronchoscopies were carried out on fifty-seven HIV positive patients. In every case, samples of bronchoaspirate (BAS), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and telescoping plugged catheter (TPC) were cultured; the last two in a quantitative way. Pneumocystis carinii was investigated in BAL by means of immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Some microorganisms were isolated in forty-seven bronchoscopies. Thirteen episodes resulted negative. The most frequent etiologic agent was Pneumocystis carinii (seventeen cases). The etiology of fifteen episodes was polymicrobial. The intersticial radiological pattern was the predominant one. It was observed in twenty-seven cases. With regard to immunity, 91% of the patients showed CD4 < 200. CONCLUSIONS: In our research work, the samples that have been obtained by means of FB showed a high percentage of diagnoses; that is the reason why we regard this technique as very useful for the diagnosis of pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Due to the large number of bacterian pneumonia, we consider necessary not only the use of BAL, but also that of TPC in these processes.

The complete sequence of an 18,002 bp segment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XI contains the HBS1, MRP-L20 and PRP16 genes, and six new open reading frames.

We report the sequence of an 18,002 bp DNA fragment from the right arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XI. This segment contains nine complete open reading frames (ORFs), YKR401 to YKR409, and part of another ORF, YKR400, covering altogether 87.2% of the entire sequence. One of them, YKR400, encodes an NAD-dependent 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. YKR404, YKR405 and YKR406 correspond to the previously characterized HBS1, MRP-L20 and PRP16 genes, coding for a translation elongation factor, a mitochondrial ribosomal protein and an ATP-binding protein, respectively. The putative product of YKR407 contains the zinc-binding region signature of neutral zinc metallopeptidases. The five other ORFs do not show significant homology to any known protein.