[Studies on Campylobacter and Salmonella in feces of pregnant women and newborn infants].

Fecal cultures from five thousand four hundred and twenty-seven pregnant women, who were delivered at Osaka National Hospital from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 1984, were examined to detect intestinal Campylobacter and Salmonella during 30 and 36 gestational weeks. In addition, the feces of newborn infants were cultured three days after delivery to check for the presence of Campylobacter and Salmonella. During pregnancy, Campylobacter was detected in the feces of 116 women (2.14%), and Salmonella in 99 cases (1.82%). By administering antibiotics to the affected cases, the number of women whose fecal cultures were positive for Campylobacter and Salmonella at the time of delivery was reduced to 8 and 15, respectively. Neonatal fecal cultures revealed that Salmonella infection occurred in two among fifteen (13.33%) and Campylobacter infection in three among eleven (27.27%) infants whose mothers had been affected. These findings suggest the importance of adequate management for these bacterial infections during pregnancy and the perinatal period to prevent danger to the newborn.

[Laboratory and clinical studies on latamoxef in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Latamoxef (LMOX) is a new antibiotic synthesized by Shionogi Research Laboratory. Chemically LMOX is especially unique with a sulfur atom replacing the oxygen atom in the 1 position of the conventional cephalosporin nucleus, and in addition, this antibiotic has a cephamycin-like structure. The antibacterial activity of LMOX shows high potency against Gram-negative bacteria, but tends to be weak against Gram-positive bacteria. The tissue levels of LMOX in humans after intravenous injection of 1 g were examined. The levels in uterine and adnexa uteri tissue at 1 hour after administration were 25.4 and 27.4 micrograms/g respectively. LMOX was administered to 147 cases in infections of obstetric and gynecological field. The clinical effect according to disease was 94.6% for intrauterine infections, 95.0% for adnexitis, 87.0% intrapelvic infections, and 100% for external genital organ infections, making a total of 92.5%. The rate of occurrence of side effects or abnormal laboratory findings was similar to or slightly less than that seen with other beta-lactam antibiotics.