RESUMEN
A matched and mixed capping SAR study was conducted on the tetracyclic indole class of HCV NS5A inhibitors to examine the influence of modifications of this region on the overall HCV virologic resistance profiles.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/química , Hepacivirus/metabolismo , Indoles/química , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Antivirales/metabolismo , Antivirales/farmacología , Área Bajo la Curva , Genotipo , Semivida , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Hepacivirus/genética , Indoles/metabolismo , Indoles/farmacología , Curva ROC , Ratas , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/metabolismoRESUMEN
HCV NS5A inhibitors have demonstrated impressive in vitro potency profiles in HCV replicon assays and robust HCV RNA titer reduction in the clinic making them attractive components for inclusion in an all oral fixed dose combination regimen for the treatment of HCV infection. Herein we describe our continued research efforts around the alkyl "Z group" modification of the tetracyclic indole-based NS5A inhibitor MK-8742, which led to the discovery of a series of potent NS5A inhibitors. Compounds 10 and 19 are of particular interests since they are as potent as our previous leads and have much improved rat pharmacokinetic profiles.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/farmacología , Benzofuranos/farmacología , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Imidazoles/farmacología , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Antivirales/síntesis química , Antivirales/química , Benzofuranos/síntesis química , Benzofuranos/química , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Hepatitis C/tratamiento farmacológico , Imidazoles/síntesis química , Imidazoles/química , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estructura Molecular , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Replicación Viral/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The installation of geminal substitution at the C5' position of the carbosugar in our pyrimidine-derived hepatitis C inhibitor series is reported. SAR studies around the C5' position led to the installation of the dimethyl group as the optimal functionality. An improved route was subsequently designed to access these substitutions. Expanded SAR at the C2 amino position led to the utilization of C2 ethers. These compounds exhibited good potency, high selectivity, and excellent plasma exposure and bioavailability in rodent as well as in higher species.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/síntesis química , Carbohidratos/química , Pirimidinas/química , Animales , Antivirales/química , Antivirales/farmacocinética , Disponibilidad Biológica , Perros , Semivida , Haplorrinos , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Hepacivirus/metabolismo , Pirimidinas/síntesis química , Pirimidinas/farmacocinética , Ratas , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Replicación Viral/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Introduction of a nitrogen atom into the benzene ring of a previously identified HCV replication (replicase) benzothiazole inhibitor 1, resulted in the discovery of the more potent pyridothiazole analogues 3. The potency and PK properties of the compounds were attenuated by the introductions of various functionalities at the R(1), R(2) or R(3) positions of the molecule (compound 3). Inhibitors 38 and 44 displayed excellent potency, selectivity (GAPDH/MTS CC(50)), PK parameters in all species studied, and cross genotype activity.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/química , Antivirales/farmacología , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Pirimidinas/química , Pirimidinas/farmacología , Replicación Viral/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antivirales/farmacocinética , Perros , Hepatitis C/tratamiento farmacológico , Hepatitis C/virología , Humanos , Pirimidinas/farmacocinética , Ratas , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Tiazoles/química , Tiazoles/farmacocinética , Tiazoles/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Based on a previously identified HCV replication (replicase) inhibitor 1, SAR efforts were conducted around the pyrimidine core to improve the potency and pharmacokinetic profile of the inhibitors. A benzothiazole moiety was found to be the optimal substituent at the pyrimidine 5-position. Due to potential reactivity concern, the 4-chloro residue was replaced by a methyl group with some loss in potency and enhanced rat in vivo profile. Extensive investigations at the C-2 position resulted in identification of compound 16 that demonstrated very good replicon potency, selectivity and rodent plasma/target organ concentration. Inhibitor 16 also demonstrated good plasma levels and oral bioavailability in dogs, while monkey exposure was rather low. Chemistry optimization towards a practical route to install the benzothiazole moiety resulted in an efficient direct C-H arylation protocol.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/química , Benzotiazoles/química , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Pirimidinas/química , Replicación Viral/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Perros , Haplorrinos , Hepacivirus/fisiología , Metilación , Roedores , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) inhibitors are promising agents to treat inflammatory disorders and cancer. We have investigated novel tartrate diamide TACE inhibitors where the tartrate core binds to zinc in a unique tridentate fashion. Incorporating (R)-2-(2-N-alkylaminothiazol-4-yl)pyrrolidines into the left hand side amide of the tartrate scaffold led to the discovery of potent and selective TACE inhibitors, some of which exhibited good rat oral bioavailability.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas ADAM/antagonistas & inhibidores , Amidas/farmacología , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Pirrolidinas/química , Tartratos/química , Proteína ADAM17 , Amidas/síntesis química , Amidas/química , Animales , Disponibilidad Biológica , Activación Enzimática/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/química , Estructura Molecular , RatasRESUMEN
Our research on hydantoin based TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) inhibitors has led to an acetylene containing series that demonstrates sub-nanomolar potency (K(i)) as well as excellent activity in human whole blood. These studies led to the discovery of highly potent TACE inhibitors with good DMPK profiles.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas ADAM/antagonistas & inhibidores , Antiinflamatorios/química , Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Proteasas/química , Proteínas ADAM/metabolismo , Proteína ADAM17 , Acetileno/análogos & derivados , Acetileno/farmacocinética , Acetileno/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/farmacocinética , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Perros , Haplorrinos , Humanos , Inhibidores de Proteasas/farmacocinética , Inhibidores de Proteasas/uso terapéutico , RatasRESUMEN
We report further expansion of the structure activity relationship (SAR) on the triaryl bis sulfone class of compounds (I), which are potent CB(2) receptor ligands with excellent selectivity over the CB(1) receptor. This study was extended to B ring changes, followed by simultaneous optimization of the A-, B-, and C-rings. Compound 42 has excellent CB(2) potency, selectivity and rat exposure.
Asunto(s)
Receptor Cannabinoide CB2/efectos de los fármacos , Sulfonas/química , Sulfonas/farmacología , Animales , Ligandos , Ratas , Receptor Cannabinoide CB2/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Sulfonas/metabolismoRESUMEN
We disclose further optimization of hydantoin TNF-alpha convertase enzyme (TACE) inhibitors. SAR with respect to the non-prime region of TACE active site was explored. A series of biaryl substituted hydantoin compounds was shown to have sub-nanomolar K(i), good rat PK, and good selectivity versus MMP-1, -2, -3, -7, -9, and -13.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas ADAM/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Proteína ADAM17 , Animales , Ratas , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
The syntheses and structure-activity relationships of the tartrate-based TACE inhibitors are discussed. The optimization of both the prime and non-prime sites led to compounds with picomolar activity. Several analogs demonstrated good rat pharmacokinetics.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas ADAM/antagonistas & inhibidores , Inhibidores de Proteasas/química , Tartratos/química , Proteínas ADAM/metabolismo , Proteína ADAM17 , Animales , Sitios de Unión , Simulación por Computador , Inhibidores de Proteasas/síntesis química , Inhibidores de Proteasas/farmacocinética , Ratas , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Tartratos/síntesis química , Tartratos/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
We disclose inhibitors of TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) designed around a hydantoin zinc binding moiety. Crystal structures of inhibitors bound to TACE revealed monodentate coordination of the hydantoin to the zinc. SAR, X-ray, and modeling designs are described. To our knowledge, these are the first reported X-ray structures of TACE with a hydantoin zinc ligand.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas ADAM/antagonistas & inhibidores , Descubrimiento de Drogas , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Hidantoínas/farmacología , Proteína ADAM17 , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/química , Hidantoínas/química , Enlace de Hidrógeno , Modelos Moleculares , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
The triaryl bis-sulfone 1 was modified by converting the aryl A-ring to a piperidine ring. The piperidine ring was further elaborated to a spirocyclopropyl piperidine moiety. The effect on CB2 binding potency, rat calcium channel affinity, and CYP 2C9 inhibition is described.
Asunto(s)
Receptor Cannabinoide CB2/antagonistas & inhibidores , Sulfonamidas/síntesis química , Sulfonas/química , Sulfonas/síntesis química , Animales , Canales de Calcio/metabolismo , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450 , Agonismo Inverso de Drogas , Humanos , Piperidinas/química , Ratas , Receptor Cannabinoide CB2/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Sulfonamidas/química , Sulfonamidas/farmacocinética , Sulfonas/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
Structure-activity relationship on our recently reported triaryl bis-sulfone class of cannabinoid-2 (CB2) receptor selective inverse agonists was explored. Modifications to the methane sulfonamide, substitutions to B and C phenyl rings, and replacements of the C-ring were investigated. A compound with excellent CB2 activity, selectivity for CB2 over CB1, and in vivo plasma levels was identified.
Asunto(s)
Química Farmacéutica/métodos , Receptor Cannabinoide CB2/química , Sulfonas/química , Animales , Diseño de Fármacos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Cinética , Ligandos , Modelos Químicos , Unión Proteica , Ratas , Receptores de Droga , Sodio/química , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
We recently reported that compound 1 is a potent inhibitor of the CB2 receptor with high selectivity over CB1. This paper describes the SAR development for this class of compounds. Variation of the substitution pattern on the aromatic rings, as well as the groups linking them together, led to sub-nanomolar inhibitors of the CB2 receptor, with high selectivity over CB1.