Esencia de menta al 1, 6% como espasmolítico intestinalen la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica / 1.6% Peppermint oil solution as intestinal spasmolytic in retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography

Objetivos: La aparición de peristaltismo intestinal puede dificultar la realización de exploraciones o intervenciones mediante colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica(CPRE). Con el fin de disminuirlo es frecuente la utilización de espasmolíticos sistémicos, pese a los efectos adversos anticolinérgicos que presentan. Se propuso formular una preparación de esencia de menta al 1,6% de uso local para evitar estos efectos adversos. Método: Se formuló la preparación de la esencia de menta al 1,6% según la bibliografía encontrada. La efectividad de la fórmula fue valorada de manera semicualitativa según la disminución del peristaltismo. Resultados: Se ensayaron 2 emulgentes siendo polisorbato el más adecuado. El estudio piloto llevado a cabo en 8 pacientes demostró su efectividad y seguridad en la disminución del peristaltismo intestinal. Conclusiones: La esencia de menta al 1,6% constituye una alternativa efectiva y segura a la utilización de espasmolíticos sistémicos. Se requieren posteriores estudios incluyendo un mayor número de pacientes para establecer su utilidad en la práctica clínica habitual (AU)

Objectives: Intestinal peristalsis can impede explorations and interventions using retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography. Systemic spasmolytics are frequently employed to reduce this phenomenon, in spite of the adverse anti-cholinergic effects they are associated with. We proposed a formula using 1.6% peppermint oil solution with local use in order to avoid these adverse side effects. Method: We formulated a preparation of 1.6% peppermint oil solution in accordance with the medical literature. The effectiveness of the formula was evaluated in a semi-qualitative manneraccording to the reduction in peristalsis. Results: We tested two different emulgents, and polysorbate provided the best results. The pilot study carried out with 8 patients demonstrated its effectiveness and safety in reducing intestinal peristalsis. Conclusions: 1.6% peppermint oil solution constitutes an effective and safe alternative to the use of systemic spasmolytics. More studies are needed with a larger sample size in order to establish its usefulness in normal clinical practice (AU)

[1.6% peppermint oil solution as intestinal spasmolytic in retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography]. / Esencia de menta al 1,6% como espasmolítico intestinal en la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica.

OBJECTIVES: Intestinal peristalsis can impede explorations and interventions using retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography. Systemic spasmolytics are frequently employed to reduce this phenomenon, in spite of the adverse anti-cholinergic effects they are associated with. We proposed a formula using 1.6% peppermint oil solution with local use in order to avoid these adverse side effects. METHOD: We formulated a preparation of 1.6% peppermint oil solution in accordance with the medical literature. The effectiveness of the formula was evaluated in a semi-qualitative manner according to the reduction in peristalsis. RESULTS: We tested two different emulgents, and polysorbate provided the best results. The pilot study carried out with 8 patients demonstrated its effectiveness and safety in reducing intestinal peristalsis. CONCLUSIONS: 1.6% peppermint oil solution constitutes an effective and safe alternative to the use of systemic spasmolytics. More studies are needed with a larger sample size in order to establish its usefulness in normal clinical practice.

[Desensitization to cotrimoxazole, rifampicin and penicillin G in nine patients with prior hypersensitivity]. / Original Breve Desensibilización de cotrimoxazol, rifampicina y penicilina G en nueve pacientes con hipersensibilidad previa.

OBJECTIVE: To present a protocol for the administration and development technique of the desensitization regimens for cotrimoxazole, rifampicin and penicillin G hypersensibility. METHOD: A review of the available desensitization protocols for these antibiotics and a retrospective study of desensitization processes undertaken in the center from 1998. A development technique of the antibiotic dosages was designed. RESULTS: Desensitization regimens for cotrimoxazole, rifampicin and penicillin G undertaken in the center in 9 patients came from a protocol by Glucksteins et al., Holland et al. and Wendal et al., respectively. After the literature review and the satisfactory results that allowed subsequent antibiotic administration in the 9 cases, these regimens were established as protocols of the center. CONCLUSIONS: Dosage development and patient administration have a practical application and can help to decrease the potential mistakes related to the complexity of the process.

Desensibilización de cotrimoxazol, rifampicina y penicilina G en nueve pacientes con hipersensibilidad previa / Desensitization to cotrimoxazole, rifampicin and penicillin G in nine patients with prior hypersensitivity

Objetivo: Protocolizar la administración y la técnica de elaboraciónde las pautas de desensibilización de cotrimoxazol, rifampicinay penicilina G.Método: Búsqueda bibliográfica en MEDLINE de los protocolosdisponibles y estudio retrospectivo de las desensibilizacionesaplicadas en el centro desde 1998. Diseño gráfico de la elaboraciónde las tomas de cada antibiótico.Resultados: Se ha realizado un total de 9 desensibilizacionesde cotrimoxazol, rifampicina y penicilina G siguiendo el protocolode Glucksteins y cols., Holland y cols. y Wendal y cols., respectivamente,permitiendo la readministración del antibiótico en todoslos casos. Los resultados tanto obtenidos en el centro como publicadosen la literatura y la no existencia de nuevos protocolos queaporten una mayor evidencia confirman la idoneidad de los protocolosaplicados.Conclusiones: La elaboración y administración al paciente delos protocolos seleccionados presentan una aplicación prácticaque permite disminuir los posibles errores derivados de la complejidaddel proceso

Objective: To present a protocol for the administration anddevelopment technique of the desensitization regimens for cotrimoxazole,rifampicin and penicillin G hypersensibility.Method: A review of the available desensitization protocolsfor these antibiotics and a retrospective study of desensitizationprocesses undertaken in the center from 1998. A developmenttechnique of the antibiotic dosages was designed.Results: Desensitization regimens for cotrimoxazole,rifampicin and penicillin G undertaken in the center in 9 patientscame from a protocol by Glucksteins et al., Holland et al. andWendal et al., respectively. After the literature review and the satisfactoryresults that allowed subsequent antibiotic administrationin the 9 cases, these regimens were established as protocols ofthe center.Conclusions: Dosage development and patient administrationhave a practical application and can help to decrease thepotential mistakes related to the complexity of the process

Los Servicios de Farmacia de Hospital y la nueva normativa de correcta elaboración y control de calidad de las fórmulas magistrales y preparados oficinales / Hospital Fharmacy Services and the new guidelines for the correct quality control and manufacturing of magisterial formulas and afficinal preparations

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