RESUMEN
Pharmacomagnetography involves the simultaneous assessment of solid dosage forms (SDFs) in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the drug plasmatic concentration, using a biomagnetic technique and pharmacokinetics analysis. This multi-instrumental approach helps the evaluation, as GI variables can interfere with the drug delivery processes. This study aimed to employ pharmacomagnetography to evaluate the influence of omeprazole on the drug release and absorption of metronidazole administered orally in magnetic-coated tablets. Magnetic-coated tablets, coated with Eudragit® E-100 (E100) and containing 100 mg of metronidazole, were produced. For the in vivo experiments, 12 volunteers participated in the two phases of the study (placebo and omeprazole) on different days to assess the bioavailability of metronidazole. The results indicated a shift as the pH of the solution increased and a delay in the dissolution of metronidazole, showing that the pH increase interferes with the release processes of tablets coated with E100. Our study reinforced the advantages of pharmacomagnetography as a tool to perform a multi-instrumental correlation analysis of the disintegration process and the bioavailability of drugs.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Introduction: Candidemia is a bloodstream infection produced by Candida genus yeasts. Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the epidemiology and the fluconazole susceptibility in Candida species isolated from patients at a regional hospital in Passo Fundo, RS. Methods: Records from the laboratory were used to identify patients with positive blood cultures for Candida between 2010 and 2011. The in vitro activity of fluconazole was determined using the disk diffusion method. Results: Were analyzed 24 positive blood cultures for Candida and found a 54.16% mortality rate. C. albicans was the most prevalent species, followed by C. parapsilosis and C. krusei. For susceptibility to fluconazole, C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis showed 100% sensitivity. However, C. krusei was 100% resistant; and C. glabrata, 50% resistant. Conclusion: The high mortality and fluconazole resistance rates emphasize the importance of the diagnosis of candidemia in a hospital environment. .
RESUMO Introdução: Candidemia é a infecção da corrente sanguínea produzida por leveduras do gênero Candida. Objetivos: Este estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar a epidemiologia e o perfil de suscetibilidade ao fluconazol em espécies de Candida, isoladas em pacientes internados em um hospital regional de Passo Fundo, RS. Métodos: Registros laboratoriais foram utilizados para identificar pacientes com hemocultura positiva para espécies do gênero Candida, entre 2010 e 2011. A atividade in vitro do fluconazol foi determinada por meio do método de difusão em disco. Resultados: Foram analisadas 24 hemoculturas positivas para Candida; a taxa de mortalidade encontrada foi 54,16%. C. albicans foi a espécie mais prevalente, seguida por C. parapsilosis e C. krusei. C. albicans, C. parapsilosis e C. tropicalis apresentaram 100% de sensibilidade ao fluconazol, entretanto C. krusei mostrou-se 100% resistente; e C. glabrata, 50% resistente. Conclusão: A elevada taxa de mortalidade e resistência ao fluconazol enfatiza a importância do diagnóstico de candidemia em ambiente hospitalar. .