Presença de Leishmania sp. e Dirofilaria immitis em / Tumor Venéreo Transmissível Canino cutâneo / Presence of Leishmania sp. and Dirofilaria immitis in Cutaneous Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor

Background: Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (CTVT) is a neoplasm transmitted by implantation of its cells into genitaland extragenital organs, while Heartworm and Visceral Leishmaniasis are zoonosis transmitted by hematophagous insectsthat are often underdiagnosed in asymptomatic animals. Coinfection by the agents of these parasitosis is well documented,however, the association of both diseases with the CTVT is still unusual. Thus, it was aimed to report a case of incidentalidentification of microfilariae of D. immitis and amastigotes forms of Leishmania sp. in cutaneous CTVT by cytology in anasymptomatic dog for the parasitosis.Case: A 6-year-old, male, mongrel, sexually intact dog from the city of Patos, Paraiba, Brazil, was presented with a cutaneouscircumscribed tumoral lesion in a region adjacent to the right olecranon, with an ulcerated surface of reddish color, havingareas of necrosis inside and larvae (myiasis), draining bloody secretion. The material was collected for cytological analysis,which proved to be Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (CTVT) with the presence of amastigote forms of Leishmania sp.and microfilariae of D. immitis among neoplastic cells. Blood count, serum urea, creatinine and albumin, ALT, AST, FA,CK, Na+, K+, Ca++, CK-MB, Troponin I (cTnI), Snap 4Dx Plus (Idexx®), Snap Leishmania (Idexx®), and Knotts test wereperformed, plus chest radiography, blood pressure measurements and electrocardiogram (ECG). The alterations found corresponded to normochromic normocytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, microfilariae in the Knott test, increaseof CK, CK-MB and cTnI, positivity for Erlichia sp., Anaplasma sp., Leishmania sp. and Dirofilaria immitis. Furthermorecardiomegaly on radiographs and sinus arrhythmia associated with atrioventricular block (AVB) of the first degree on theECG. Euthanasia was performed after necropsy, in which adult worms were...(AU)

Exostose cartilaginosa múltipla em um canino pediátrico / Multiple cartilaginous exostoses in a pediatric dog

Background: Multiple cartilaginous exostosis (MCE) is a rare neoplastic disease in dogs that is characterized by the presence of osteochondromas in multiple bones. MCE is a disorder of development during growth and maturation, the realetiology of which has yet to be elucidated, but is believed to have a genetic basis. Usually affected animals have a historyof a palpable mass on the bone surface, causing anatomical deformities and compression of adjacent structures. SinceMCE is a rare neoplastic disease in dogs it may be difficult to recognize in the clinic. The aim of this study was to reporta case of MCE in a pediatric dog.Case: A female 4-month-old Rottweiler dog with a history of bone neoformation on the left hind limb, anorexia, weightloss, and difficulty walking received clinical care. The disease had its initial onset 2 months prior. At physical examination, the animal showed paresis of the hind limbs and a bony tumor on the lateral part of the left tibia. A complete bloodcell count and serum biochemical profile were obtained. The only abnormality diagnosed was hyperproteinemia due tohyperglobulinemia. Other diagnostic tests were not authorized and the animal was euthanized. At the necropsy, an intrathoracic neoformation was observed from the sixth to the eighth rib on the right antimer. Some tumors were also observedon the fourth lumbar vertebra and between the first and the second sacral vertebra, and a left tibial tumor, which had beenobserved at physical examination. The sagittal section of the spine revealed the presence of extradural compression of thespinal cord due to vertebral proliferations with compression of the nerve roots. All of the proliferations had macroscopicsimilarities, being firm, sessile, irregular, and with complete adherence to deep planes. Tumor samples were submitted tohistopathological analysis and the tissue morphology was compatible with osteochondroma...(AU)

Exostose cartilaginosa múltipla em um canino pediátrico / Multiple cartilaginous exostoses in a pediatric dog

Background: Multiple cartilaginous exostosis (MCE) is a rare neoplastic disease in dogs that is characterized by the presence of osteochondromas in multiple bones. MCE is a disorder of development during growth and maturation, the realetiology of which has yet to be elucidated, but is believed to have a genetic basis. Usually affected animals have a historyof a palpable mass on the bone surface, causing anatomical deformities and compression of adjacent structures. SinceMCE is a rare neoplastic disease in dogs it may be difficult to recognize in the clinic. The aim of this study was to reporta case of MCE in a pediatric dog.Case: A female 4-month-old Rottweiler dog with a history of bone neoformation on the left hind limb, anorexia, weightloss, and difficulty walking received clinical care. The disease had its initial onset 2 months prior. At physical examination, the animal showed paresis of the hind limbs and a bony tumor on the lateral part of the left tibia. A complete bloodcell count and serum biochemical profile were obtained. The only abnormality diagnosed was hyperproteinemia due tohyperglobulinemia. Other diagnostic tests were not authorized and the animal was euthanized. At the necropsy, an intrathoracic neoformation was observed from the sixth to the eighth rib on the right antimer. Some tumors were also observedon the fourth lumbar vertebra and between the first and the second sacral vertebra, and a left tibial tumor, which had beenobserved at physical examination. The sagittal section of the spine revealed the presence of extradural compression of thespinal cord due to vertebral proliferations with compression of the nerve roots. All of the proliferations had macroscopicsimilarities, being firm, sessile, irregular, and with complete adherence to deep planes. Tumor samples were submitted tohistopathological analysis and the tissue morphology was compatible with osteochondroma...

Presença de Leishmania sp. e Dirofilaria immitis em / Tumor Venéreo Transmissível Canino cutâneo / Presence of Leishmania sp. and Dirofilaria immitis in Cutaneous Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor

Background: Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (CTVT) is a neoplasm transmitted by implantation of its cells into genitaland extragenital organs, while Heartworm and Visceral Leishmaniasis are zoonosis transmitted by hematophagous insectsthat are often underdiagnosed in asymptomatic animals. Coinfection by the agents of these parasitosis is well documented,however, the association of both diseases with the CTVT is still unusual. Thus, it was aimed to report a case of incidentalidentification of microfilariae of D. immitis and amastigotes forms of Leishmania sp. in cutaneous CTVT by cytology in anasymptomatic dog for the parasitosis.Case: A 6-year-old, male, mongrel, sexually intact dog from the city of Patos, Paraiba, Brazil, was presented with a cutaneouscircumscribed tumoral lesion in a region adjacent to the right olecranon, with an ulcerated surface of reddish color, havingareas of necrosis inside and larvae (myiasis), draining bloody secretion. The material was collected for cytological analysis,which proved to be Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (CTVT) with the presence of amastigote forms of Leishmania sp.and microfilariae of D. immitis among neoplastic cells. Blood count, serum urea, creatinine and albumin, ALT, AST, FA,CK, Na+, K+, Ca++, CK-MB, Troponin I (cTnI), Snap 4Dx Plus (Idexx®), Snap Leishmania (Idexx®), and Knott’s test wereperformed, plus chest radiography, blood pressure measurements and electrocardiogram (ECG). The alterations found corresponded to normochromic normocytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, microfilariae in the Knott test, increaseof CK, CK-MB and cTnI, positivity for Erlichia sp., Anaplasma sp., Leishmania sp. and Dirofilaria immitis. Furthermorecardiomegaly on radiographs and sinus arrhythmia associated with atrioventricular block (AVB) of the first degree on theECG. Euthanasia was performed after necropsy, in which adult worms were...

Acute myeloid leukemia in a dog chronically infected with leishmania spp. and other infectious agents / Leucemia mieloide aguda em cão infectado cronicamente por Leishmania spp. e outros agentes infecciosos

Background: Rare studies have described the association of hematopoietic tumors and canine visceral leishmaniosis, however the association between the parasitary disease and neoplasia is still not well established in dogs. Thus, the aim of the present study was to report a case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a dog infected by Leishmania spp. and other infectious agents.Case: A 8-year-old, male Poodle, was brought to the Veterinary Hospital from Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. The dog had a history of recurrent tick-borne diseases, such as anaplasmosis, over the previous ten months. On physical examination, pale mucosa, enlargement of popliteal lymph nodes, onychogryphosis, purulent nasal discharge, and bilateral blepharitis with purulent discharge were observed. The dog was skinny and infested with ticks. The blood cell count revealed normocytic, normochromic anemia and leukocytosis (38.000/mm3 ) with neutrophilia (30.020/mm3 ). Serum biochemical tests demonstrated hyperproteinemia due to hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and an albumin:globulin ratio of 0.30. The immunochromathographic test for leishmaniasis was negative. The alterations observed in the bone marrow cytological analysis were suggestive of AML, and Anaplasma spp., Hepatozoon spp., and amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were observed inside bone marrow cells. After diagnosis, a decision to euthanize the animal was made.Discussion: Few studies have demonstrated the presence of hematopoietic neoplasia in dogs chronically and simultaneously infected with multiple pathogens. A case of multiple myeloma in a dog associated with infection by Ehrlichia canis, A. phagocytophilum, L. infantum, and Dirofilaria immitis is described. Another study reported B-cell lymphoma in a dog with E. canis and Histoplasma capsulatum infection.[...](AU)

Acute myeloid leukemia in a dog chronically infected with leishmania spp. and other infectious agents / Leucemia mieloide aguda em cão infectado cronicamente por Leishmania spp. e outros agentes infecciosos

Background: Rare studies have described the association of hematopoietic tumors and canine visceral leishmaniosis, however the association between the parasitary disease and neoplasia is still not well established in dogs. Thus, the aim of the present study was to report a case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a dog infected by Leishmania spp. and other infectious agents.Case: A 8-year-old, male Poodle, was brought to the Veterinary Hospital from Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. The dog had a history of recurrent tick-borne diseases, such as anaplasmosis, over the previous ten months. On physical examination, pale mucosa, enlargement of popliteal lymph nodes, onychogryphosis, purulent nasal discharge, and bilateral blepharitis with purulent discharge were observed. The dog was skinny and infested with ticks. The blood cell count revealed normocytic, normochromic anemia and leukocytosis (38.000/mm3 ) with neutrophilia (30.020/mm3 ). Serum biochemical tests demonstrated hyperproteinemia due to hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and an albumin:globulin ratio of 0.30. The immunochromathographic test for leishmaniasis was negative. The alterations observed in the bone marrow cytological analysis were suggestive of AML, and Anaplasma spp., Hepatozoon spp., and amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. were observed inside bone marrow cells. After diagnosis, a decision to euthanize the animal was made.Discussion: Few studies have demonstrated the presence of hematopoietic neoplasia in dogs chronically and simultaneously infected with multiple pathogens. A case of multiple myeloma in a dog associated with infection by Ehrlichia canis, A. phagocytophilum, L. infantum, and Dirofilaria immitis is described. Another study reported B-cell lymphoma in a dog with E. canis and Histoplasma capsulatum infection.[...]

Metastatic T-cell lymphoma of unknown primary origin in a dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

Canine lymphoma is a hematopoietic neoplasm that can affect different tissues. Its classification is performed according to cellular morphology, clinical stage, immunophenotyping, and anatomical location. However, in some cases, an oncopathy might be in an advanced stage with a plain organic spread, making it impossible to determine the initially affected tissue, which is a rare situation in animals. Thus, a case of metastatic lymphoma, of unknown primary origin, was described in a four-year-old Rottweiler bitch with multiple nodular subcutaneous proliferations. Hematological, biochemical, thoracic radiography, and abdominal ultrasound tests were performed, as well as a cytopathological examination of subcutaneous lesions and bone marrow. Hematologic findings determined anemia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The thoracic radiography revealed multiple nodular masses. Cytopathological examination revealed infiltration of malignant lymphocytes into the subcutaneous nodules and into the bone marrow. The dog was euthanized and submitted to necroscopic examination, in which multiple nodules were found in the subcutaneous region, lung, pericardium, gastrointestinal tract and in the skeletal musculature, in addition to lymphadenopathy. Fragments of the affected structures were collected for later histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of neoplastic cells compatible with diffuse lymphoma, which was positively immunolabelled for T-cell lymphoma. Based on clinical-pathological findings and other complementary tests, a diagnosis of diffuse T-cell lymphoma of unknown primary origin was made. In order to classify hematopoietic neoplasms, it is essential to perform different laboratory tests. However, determination of origin becomes difficult when such an oncological disease presents an advanced stage.(AU)

Intranasal lymphoma in dog: clinical-pathological aspects and immune histochemical / Linfoma intranasal em cão: aspectos clínicopatológicos e imunoistoquímicos

The canine lymphoma rarely involves the nasal cavity. The diagnosis can be established by means of cytology, histology and immunohistochemistry, where the latter is a valuable technique for identification and classification of tumor cells. The study describes a case of intranasal lymphoma in a dog, with the aid of immunodiagnostic. A canine, male, seven years old mongrel, had volume growth in all nasal dorsal and lateral, in association with anterior uveitis. As a complementary exam was asked to cytology of lymph nodes and nasal tumor. The cytological evaluation of the lymph nodes showed the presence of amastigotes of Leishmania spp., while the cytology of nasal tumors exhibited morphological pattern indicative of lymphoma. The animal euthanasia was opted and same animal was submitted for necropsy. The autopsy findings included the presence of tumor to the fullest extent of the nasal cavities, causing complete luminal obliteration. Nasal tumor, liver and eye fragments were collected, which were sent for histopathological analysis, and which revealed neoplastic proliferation, consisting of round cells, and suggested conducting immunohistochemical analysis to confirm the diagnosis. The immunohistochemical profile applied detected a lymphoma cells Natural Killer. The intranasal lymphoma in dogs is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis of upper respiratory tract diseases. It is fundamental to the realization of immunohistochemical test, because it amounts to a valuable diagnostic tool for patients with lymphoma

O linfoma canino raramente envolve a cavidade nasal. O diagnóstico pode ser estabelecido por meio da citologia, histopatologia e imunoistoquímica, onde a ultima é uma técnica valiosa para a identificação e classificação de células tumorais. O trabalho objetivou descrever um caso de linfoma intranasal em um canino, com o auxílio do imunodiagnóstico. Um canino, macho, sete anos de idade, sem raça definida, possuía aumento de volume em toda região nasal dorsal e lateral, em associação com uveíte anterior. Como exame complementar solicitou-se citologia de linfonodos e da tumoração nasal. A avaliação citológica dos gânglios linfáticos evidenciou a presença de formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp., enquanto a citologia da tumoração nasal exibiu padrão morfológico indicativo de linfoma. Optou-se pela eutanásia do animal e o mesmo foi encaminhado para necropsia. Os achados necroscópicos incluíram a presença de tumor em toda a extensão das cavidades nasais, ocasionando completa obliteração luminal e perda total dos ossos endoturbinados e conchas nasais. Foram coletados fragmentos do tumor nasal, fígado e globo ocular, os quais foram encaminhados para análise histopatológica, a qual revelou proliferação neoplásica, composta por células redondas, sendo sugerida a realização de análise imunoistoquímica para confirmação diagnóstica. O perfil imunoistoquímico aplicado detectou um linfoma de células Natural Killer. O linfoma intranasal em cães muitas vezes é negligenciado no diagnóstico diferencial das enfermidades do trato respiratório superior. Torna-se fundamental a realização do ensaio imunoistoquímico, pois equivale a uma valiosa ferramenta diagnóstica para os pacientes com linfoma

Intranasal lymphoma in dog: clinical-pathological aspects and immune histochemical / Linfoma intranasal em cão: aspectos clínicopatológicos e imunoistoquímicos

The canine lymphoma rarely involves the nasal cavity. The diagnosis can be established by means of cytology, histology and immunohistochemistry, where the latter is a valuable technique for identification and classification of tumor cells. The study describes a case of intranasal lymphoma in a dog, with the aid of immunodiagnostic. A canine, male, seven years old mongrel, had volume growth in all nasal dorsal and lateral, in association with anterior uveitis. As a complementary exam was asked to cytology of lymph nodes and nasal tumor. The cytological evaluation of the lymph nodes showed the presence of amastigotes of Leishmania spp., while the cytology of nasal tumors exhibited morphological pattern indicative of lymphoma. The animal euthanasia was opted and same animal was submitted for necropsy. The autopsy findings included the presence of tumor to the fullest extent of the nasal cavities, causing complete luminal obliteration. Nasal tumor, liver and eye fragments were collected, which were sent for histopathological analysis, and which revealed neoplastic proliferation, consisting of round cells, and suggested conducting immunohistochemical analysis to confirm the diagnosis. The immunohistochemical profile applied detected a lymphoma cells Natural Killer. The intranasal lymphoma in dogs is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis of upper respiratory tract diseases. It is fundamental to the realization of immunohistochemical test, because it amounts to a valuable diagnostic tool for patients with lymphoma(AU)

O linfoma canino raramente envolve a cavidade nasal. O diagnóstico pode ser estabelecido por meio da citologia, histopatologia e imunoistoquímica, onde a ultima é uma técnica valiosa para a identificação e classificação de células tumorais. O trabalho objetivou descrever um caso de linfoma intranasal em um canino, com o auxílio do imunodiagnóstico. Um canino, macho, sete anos de idade, sem raça definida, possuía aumento de volume em toda região nasal dorsal e lateral, em associação com uveíte anterior. Como exame complementar solicitou-se citologia de linfonodos e da tumoração nasal. A avaliação citológica dos gânglios linfáticos evidenciou a presença de formas amastigotas de Leishmania spp., enquanto a citologia da tumoração nasal exibiu padrão morfológico indicativo de linfoma. Optou-se pela eutanásia do animal e o mesmo foi encaminhado para necropsia. Os achados necroscópicos incluíram a presença de tumor em toda a extensão das cavidades nasais, ocasionando completa obliteração luminal e perda total dos ossos endoturbinados e conchas nasais. Foram coletados fragmentos do tumor nasal, fígado e globo ocular, os quais foram encaminhados para análise histopatológica, a qual revelou proliferação neoplásica, composta por células redondas, sendo sugerida a realização de análise imunoistoquímica para confirmação diagnóstica. O perfil imunoistoquímico aplicado detectou um linfoma de células Natural Killer. O linfoma intranasal em cães muitas vezes é negligenciado no diagnóstico diferencial das enfermidades do trato respiratório superior. Torna-se fundamental a realização do ensaio imunoistoquímico, pois equivale a uma valiosa ferramenta diagnóstica para os pacientes com linfoma(AU)