Integrative analysis of microbiota and metabolomics in chromium-exposed silkworm (Bombyx mori) midguts based on 16S rDNA sequencing and LC/MS metabolomics.

The gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem integral to host wellbeing, is modulated by environmental triggers, including exposure to heavy metals such as chromium. This study aims to comprehensively explore chromium-induced gut microbiota and metabolomic shifts in the quintessential lepidopteran model organism, the silkworm (Bombyx mori). The research deployed 16S rDNA sequence analysis and LC/MS metabolomics in its experimental design, encompassing a control group alongside low (12 g/kg) and high (24 g/kg) feeding chromium dosing regimens. Considerable heterogeneity in microbial diversity resulted between groups. Weissella emerged as potentially resilient to chromium stress, while elevated Propionibacterium was noted in the high chromium treatment group. Differential analysis tools LEfSe and random forest estimation identified key species like like Cupriavidus and unspecified Myxococcales, offering potential avenues for bioremediation. An examination of gut functionality revealed alterations in the KEGG pathways correlated with biosynthesis and degradation, suggesting an adaptive metabolic response to chromium-mediated stress. Further results indicated consequential fallout in the context of metabolomic alterations. These included an uptick in histidine and dihydropyrimidine levels under moderate-dose exposure and a surge of gentisic acid with high-dose chromium exposure. These are critical players in diverse biological processes ranging from energy metabolism and stress response to immune regulation and antioxidative mechanisms. Correlative analyses between bacterial abundance and metabolites mapped noteworthy relationships between marker bacterial species, such as Weissella and Pelomonas, and specific metabolites, emphasizing their roles in enzyme regulation, synaptic processes, and lipid metabolism. Probiotic bacteria showed robust correlations with metabolites implicated in stress response, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant processes. Our study reaffirms the intricate ties between gut microbiota and metabolite profiles and decodes some systemic adaptations under heavy-metal stress. It provides valuable insights into ecological and toxicological aspects of chromium exposure that can potentially influence silkworm resilience.

Consensus on endoscopic anterior fundoplication with MUSE for gastroesophageal reflux disease / 中华消化杂志

Endoscopic anterior fundoplication with the MUSE is an endoscopic therapy that combines ultrasound and endoscopic anti-reflux technology for moderate to severe gastroesophageal reflux disease. Training and learning procedures are required to obtain qualifications for this endoscopic therapy before clinical operations. At present, there is limited high-quality evidence-based medical evidence on MUSE treatment, and lack of expert consensus or guidance for training and the standard of MUSE therapy procedure. This consensus is based on the published literature, and formulated by experts with MUSE clinical experience in China, to provide guidance for the training and clinical standard operation of this technique.

Clinical value of circadian clock related biomarkers for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective:To examine the expression of core clock genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the level of circadian disturbance-related proteins in the serum of chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), and explore their potential diagnostic value in clinical practice.Methods:The peripheral blood samples and related clinical data from 68 patients diagnosed with CP in Shanghai General Hospital from Jan 2015 to Jan 2022 were collected. Peripheral blood samples from 30 healthy individuals were used for control. The M-ANNHEIM classification system was used to stratify the clinical stages of patients with CP. The mRNA expression of the core clock genes, including Clock, Bmal1, Per1/2/3 and Cry1/2 in PBMCs was analyzed using realtime qPCR, and the expression of circadian disturbance-related proteins like TrkB, CD 36 and Rbp in serum was measured with ELISA. The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) and the area under curve (AUC) was used to test the efficiency for diagnozing PEI. Results:The mRNA expression of Per1 in CP patients was significantly decreased (0.76 vs 1, P<0.05), and the AUC for diagnozing PEI was 0.744 (95% CI 0.628-0.860), with a cut-off value of 0.72; and the sensitivity and specificity was 84.8% and 57.1%, respectively. The protein abundance of serum CD 36 was significantly increased in CP patients (33.85±19.74ng/ml vs 24.71±11.53 ng/ml, P<0.05); the AUC for diagnozing PEI was 0.834 (95% CI 0.735-0.932), with a cut-off value of 29.75 pg/ml; and the sensitivity and specificity was 74.3% and 84.8%, respectively. The expression of CD 36 was increased with the increase of CP clinical stage, and there were statistically significant differences between either two stages (all P value <0.05). The mRNA expression of Per1 in patients with CP in Stage Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in patients with CP in Stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05), but no statistical difference was found between Stage Ⅱ and Stage Ⅲ. Conclusions:The decreased expression of Per1 mRNA in PBMCs and increased level of CD 36 in serum are significantly related to the occurrence of PEI in CP, suggesting that they may have potential value for diagnozing PEI and guiding the clinical practice.

Theoretical study of NiI-NiIII cycle mediated by heterogeneous zinc in C-N cross-coupling reaction.

Photoredox/transition-metal dual catalysis could efficiently construct C-N bonds by a cross-coupling reaction. The limitations of low recovery, low utilization rate and high cost have hindered the application and development of low-cost and efficient transition metal catalytic cycles. The integration of heterogeneous metal and transition metal catalysis is an appealing alternative to realize the oxidation state modulation of active species. With the support of density functional theory (DFT) calculation, we have explored the mechanistic details of Ni-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of aryl bromide and cyclic amine assisted by zinc powder. Zinc successfully regulates the oxidation state of NiII → NiI, thus achieving the NiI-NiIII-NiI catalytic cycle in the absence of light. In comparison, when the Ni(0) complex is employed as the initial catalyst, organic zinc reagents can still be involved in the transmetalation process to accelerate the cross-coupling reaction. We hope that such computational studies can provide theoretical reference for the design and development of low-cost and efficient catalytic systems for C-N cross-couplings.

Effect of heavy metals pollution on the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbial community of a pygmy grasshopper (Eucriotettix oculatus).

Heavy metal pollution in the environment is mostly manifested as a multi-elemental compound pollution. The effect of the long-term exposure to heavy metal pollution on the gut microbes of insects has remained unknown. For the current work, the population of Eucriotettix oculatus living in mining areas around the Diaojiang River with a history of hundreds of years of pollution, was selected along with the similar species living in non-mining areas to conduct a comparative study of their gut microbes. The microbial communities were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The results showed Proteobacteria to be dominant among gut microbes of E. oculatus, but the abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly increased when the insects were exposed to the environment with heavy metal pollution. The symbiotic bacteria belonging to genus Wolbachia were found to be dominant among the insect population from the non-mining area group, while the pathogenic bacteria belonging to Aeromonas were dominant among the insect population of the mining area group. The diversity analysis showed that the gut microbial community diversity of E. oculatus was reduced in the heavy metal pollution habitat. The analysis of the differences in the gut microbial population and metabolic pathways of the two groups showed that the heavy metal pollution caused the increase in pathogenic bacteria among the gut microbes of E. oculatus, which might have a negative impact on the health of the host. At the same time, probiotics and the beneficial metabolism pathways were also found to increase and enhance, helping the host to resist the damage caused by heavy metal stress. This might be one of the strategies used by E. oculatus to adapt to heavy metal pollution.

Expert Concensus on Triune Personalized Treatment of Pelvic Tumor Based on Three-Dimensional Printing / 医用生物力学

The adjacent anatomy of the pelvis is complicated, with digestive, urinary, reproductive and other organs as well as important blood vessels and nerves. Therefore, accurate resection of pelvic tumors and precise reconstruction of defects after resection are extremely difficult. The development of medical 3D printing technology provides new ideas for precise resection and personalized reconstruction of pelvic tumors. The “triune” application of 3D printing personalized lesion model, osteotomy guide plate and reconstruction prosthesis in pelvic tumor limb salvage reconstruction treatment has achieved good clinical results. However, the current lack of normative guidance standards such as preparation and application of 3D printing personalized lesion model, osteotomy guide plate and reconstruction prosthesis restricts its promotion and application. The formulation of this consensus provides normative guidance for 3D printing personalized pelvic tumor limb salvage reconstruction treatment.

Postoperative serum triglyceride levels in predicting risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus in patients following liver transplantation / 浙江大学学报·医学版

To investigate the postoperative serum triglyceride (TG) levels in predicting the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in patients following allogeneic liver transplantation. One hundred and forty three patients undergoing allogeneic liver transplantation in Shanghai General Hospital from July 2007 to July 2014 were enrolled in this study. The NODM developed in 33 patients after liver transplantation. The curve of dynamic TG levels in the early period after liver transplantation was generated. Independent risk factors of NODM were determined by univariate and multivariant logistic regression analyses. The clinical value of TG in predicting NODM was analyzed by area under the ROC curve (AUC). Serum TG levels were gradually rising in the first week and then reached the plateau phase (stable TG, sTG) in patients after surgery. The sTG in NODM group were significantly higher than that in non-NODM group (=-2.31, <0.05). Glucocorticoid therapy (=4.054, <0.01), FK506 drug concentration in the first week after operation (=3.482, <0.05) and sTG (=3.156, <0.05) were independent risk factors of NODM. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of sTG in predicting NODM was 0.72. TG shows a gradual recovery process in the early period after liver transplantation, and the higher TG level in stable phase may significantly increase the risk of NODM in patients.

Prevalence of CYP2C19 gene mutations in patients with coronary heart disease and its biological activation effect in clopidogrel antiplatelet response / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CYP2C19 gene mutations on clopidogrel antiplatelet activity in the patients with coronary heart disease treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: Patients with coronary heart disease, who hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2011 to June 2019, and healthy individuals with matching genetic background, gender, and age as controls were included in this study. Basic clinical data were analyzed and blood samples of all research subjects were obtained for extraction of DNA, and Sanger first-generation sequencing method was used to detect CYP2C19 gene mutation from full exon and exon and intron junction. CYP2C19 gene variations in patients with coronary heart disease were compared with the 1000 Genomes Browse database and the sequencing results of healthy controls to determine whether the gene variation was a genetic mutation or a genetic polymorphism. After that, PolyPhen-2 prediction software was used to analyze the harmfulness of gene mutations to predict the effect of mutations on protein function. The same dose of CYP2C19 wild-type plasmid and the CYP2C19 gene mutant plasmids were transfected into human normal liver cells HL-7702. After transfection of 24 h, the expression of CYP2C19 protease in each group was detected. The liver S9 protein was incubated with clopidogrel, acted on platelets to detect the platelet aggregation rate and the activity of human vasodilator-activated phosphoprotein (VASP). Results: A total of 1 493 patients with coronary heart disease (59.36%) were enrolled, the average age was (64.5±10.4) years old, of which 1 129 were male (75.62%). Meanwhile, 1 022 healthy physical examination volunteers (40.64%) were enrolled, and the average age was (64.1±11.0) years old, of which 778 were male (76.13%). A total of 5 gene mutations of CYP2C19 gene were identified in 12 patients (0.80%), namely, 4 known mutations T130K (1 case), M136K (6 cases), N277K (3 cases), V472I (1 case) and one new mutation G27V (1 case), no corresponding gene mutation was found in healthy controls. It was found that T130K and M136K were probably damaging, G27V was possibly damaging, and N277K and V472I were benign mutations. In vitro, we demonstrated that the platelet aggregation rate of the M136K gene mutation group was 24.83% lower than that of the wild type (59.58% vs. 34.75%; P<0.05), and the phosphorylated VASP level was 23.0% higher than that of the wild type (1.0 vs. 1.23; P<0.05). However, the platelet aggregation rate and phosphorylated VASP level were similar between of G27V, T130K, N277K, V472I gene mutation groups and wild type group (P>0.05). Conclusions: In this study, 5 gene mutations are defined in patients with coronary heart disease, namely G27V, T130K, M136K, N277K, V472I. In vitro functional studies show that CYP2C19 gene mutation M136K, as a gain-of-function gene mutation, can enhance the activation of CYP2C19 enzyme on clopidogrel, thereby inhibiting the platelet aggregation rate.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Appias albina (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and phylogenetic analysis.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Appias albina (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) was firstly sequenced and characterized in our study. The total length of mitogenome is 15,193 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and 1 A + T-rich region. The overall nucleotide composition was 38.4% of A, 8.0% of G, 40.9% of T, and 12.4% of C. Phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using Bayesian Inference (BI) to validate the taxonomic status of A. albina, exhibiting the close relationship with Appias remedios.

First record of mitochondrial genome of Teredorus nigropennis (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) and phylogenetic analysis.

The nearly complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Teredorus nigropennis was determined and analyzed. This mitogenome was 14,652 bp in size and encoded 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes. The most common start codon is ATN, the most common termination codon is TAA and two genes have incomplete termination codon T (TA). The overall nucleotide composition was 45.2% of A, 10.2% of G, 28.6% of T, and 16.1% of C. The data will increase the basic information of Tetrigidae phylogenetic research and can help to better understand the phylogenetic status of T. nigropennis in Tetrigiodea.

The mitochondrial genome sequence of a satyrid butterfly, Lethe confuse (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae).

The nearly complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Lethe confuse was sequenced and analyzed. This mitogenome is 14,945 bp in size and encodes 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes. The most common start codon is ATN (ATA, ATG, and ATT), and the most common termination codon is TAA. In addition, three PCGs have incomplete termination codon T. The overall nucleotide composition is 38.0% of A, 7.8% of G, 42.4% of T, and 11.8% of C. The data will increase the basic information of Satyrinae phylogenetic research and can help to better understand the phylogenetic status of L. confuse in Nymphalidae.

Effect of warm acupuncture at Yifeng (TE 17) on facial paralysis with periauricular pain during pregnancy / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the curative effect between the warm acupuncture at Yifeng (TE 17) combined with conventional acupuncture and TDP plus conventional acupuncture on facial paralysis with periauricular pain during pregnancy.@*METHODS@#A total of 68 patients were randomized into an observation group (36 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (32 cases, 1 case dropped off). First week, TDP light was used on the affected side in the control group, and warm acupuncture at Yinfeng (TE 17) on the affected side was used in the observation group, both once a day. From the second week, both groups were given acupuncture at Chengjiang (CV 24) and the affected side of Cuanzhu (BL 2), Yangbai (GB 14), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Yingxiang (LI 20), Dicang (ST 4), etc. and electroacupuncture (continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency) was connected at Cuanzhu (BL 2) and Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Jiache (ST 6) and Dicang (ST 4). Both treatments were given every other day for 4 weeks totally. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score of the periauricular pain degree before treatment and after 1 week of treatment, the House-Brackmann (H-B) facial nerve function grading scale and facial disability index (FDI) score before treatment and after 2, 4 weeks of treatment were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After 1 week of treatment, the VAS scores of both groups decreased (@*CONCLUSION@#Warm acupuncture at Yinfeng (TE 17) combined with conventional acupuncture can effectively improve the periauricular pain and facial nerve function in patients of facial paralysis with periauricular pain during pregnancy, and the curative effect is better than TDP plus conventional acupuncture.

Therapeutic effect of endoscopic anterior fundoplication by MUSETM in thirteen patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease / 中华消化杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic anterior fundoplication by the MUSETM endoscopic stapling device in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods From March to November 2017,in the Department of Gastroenterology of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing,The First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,thirteen GERD patients who underwent the endoscopic anterior fundoplication by the MUSETM system were enrolled.The GERD health related quality of life questionnaire (GERD-HRQL) score,satisfaction of symptomatic control,questionnaire for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD-Q) score,the degree of esophagitis,condition of gastroesophageal flap valve,medicine administration and side effects were compared before and after the operation.Paired t test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were performed for statistical analysis.Results The total GERD-HRQL score decreased from 23 points (14 to 36 points) before operation when proton pump inhibitor (PPI) was stopped for seven days to 3 points (0 to 21 points) at three months after operation and 1 point (0 to 18 points) at six months after operation;and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-3.111 and -3.183,both P＜0.01).Among 13 patients,the GERD-HRQL score of 11 patients decreased over 50 ％ after operation.The heartburn score decreased from 21 points (13 to 29 points) before operation when PPI was stopped for seven days to 0 point (0 to 17 points) at three months after operation and 0 point (0 to 16 points) at six months after operation;and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-3.113 and -3.182,both P＜0.01).Among 13 patients,assessment of symptom control at three months after operation of seven patients were satisfactory,four patients were mostly satisfactory and two patients were unsatisfactory;assessment of symptom control at six months after operation of nine patients were satisfactory,four patients were mostly satisfactory;and the satisfaction rate were both higher than that before operation,and the differences were statistically significant (x2=16.235 and 25.159,both P＜0.01).The total GERD-Q score reduced from 13 points (8 to 17 points) before operation to 6 points (3 to 11 points) at three months after operation and 6 points (6 to 13 points) at six months after operation (Z=-3.192 and-3.066,both P＜0.01).DeMeester score decreased from 38.40 points (20.20 to 255.30 points) to 11.10 points (1.10 to 46.20 points) at six months after operation;and the percent of total time of esophageal pH＜4 reduced from 10％ (5％ to 75％) to 3％ (0 to 13％) at six months after operation;the difference was statistically significant (Z=-3.181 and-3.180,both P=0.001).There was no significant difference in esophageal motility changes before and after treatment (all P ＞ 0.05).The number of patients without esophagitis increased from three before treatment to eight after treatment.Additionally,the number of patients whose gastroesophageal flap valve was less than grade Ⅱ increased from three before operation to 11 at six months after operation.The patients were followed up for six months,among 13 patients,10 patients were completely deprived of PPI,one patient was reduced over 50％,and two patients were treated with less than 50％ reduction.All 13 patients had mild tolerable abdominal pain and sore throat within 48 hours after operation.No other adverse reactions were observed.Conclusion The endoscopic anterior fundoplication by the MUSETM is a safe and effective treatment for GERD.

Analysis on Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in Yunnan Province From 2013 to 2017 / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To provide a besis of the control measures for foodborne disease outbreaks by analysing the laws and the popular features of foodlorne disease outbreaks in yunnan from 2013 to 2017.Methods The data of epidemic situation and field investigation of foodborne disease outbreaks from 2013 to 2017 in Yunnan province was analyzed. Results From 2013 to 2017,a total of 2 519 cases of foodborne disease outbreaks were repeatedin Yunnan Province,Among 18681 cases, 257 patients died with mortality 1.38% . Foodborne disease outbreaks occur in the third quarters.Outbreaking and outbreaking from a few number of households, followed by the work unit Employer Unit; outbreaking deaths in the family is also the most. Primary causal factor is plant. Pathogen the pathogenic bacteria main pathogen are Salmonella (38.89%), Bacillus cereus intoxication bacillus (38.89%),staphylococcus aureus (11.11%), Diarrheagenic escherichia coli (5.56%), Proteus Proteus species Proteus vulgaris (5.56%),et al. Conclusion From 2013 to 2017,foodborne disease outbreaking in yunnan is mainly due to plants and micro－organisms and mosty oceurs at home and canteens. It is necessary to strengthen the food hygiene management at home and canteens,to avoid foodborne disease outbreaking incidents.

Main Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Influencing Factors about Food-borne Diarrhea in Yunnan Province from 2012 to 2016 / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the incidence and its main pathogenic bacteria infection status of food-borne diarrhea and analyze their influencing factors in Yunnan province from 2012 to 2016. Me thods 1743 cases of food-borne diarrhea were collected, which were supervised from 11 hospitals covering from 2012 to 2016 years in Yunnan province.We gathered and tested the biological samples. Meanwhile, we analyzed the main pathogenic bacteria and their influencing factors. Re s ults 65 positive strains samples were checked out in 1743 cases of food-borne diarrhea positive samples, the positive rate was 3.73％ (65/1743). Salmonella and Shigella strains were the main pathogenic bacteria, the main suspect food was meat and its products, as well as fruits and their products. In this study, Professions, methods of processing and clinical diagnosis were considered as the main factors of main pathogenic microbe detectable rates of food-borne diarrhea cases in Yunnan province. Conclus ion We should carry out public health education widespreadly in nursery, scattered children, farmers and migrant workers, students and other special crowds, provide intervention measures, attach great importance to food processing, reduce the possible contamination of food during processing, improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment and the recognization ability of food-borne diseases, and propose targeted prevention and control measures.Thus, food-borne disease can be prevented and controlled effectively.

Recurrent syncope related to catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia due to de novo RyR2-R2401H mutation / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective@#To explore the clinical and molecular genetic features of a Chinese patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT).@*Methods@#Clinical data including resting electrocardiography, echocardiography and treadmill exercise testing of a patient with CPVT admitted to our department in March 2013 were analyzed, and the peripheral venous blood samples of the patient and his family members and 400 ethnicity-matched healthy controls were obtained. All exons and exon-intron boundaries of the six CPVT-related genes including RYR2, CASQ2, TRDN, CALM1, KCNJ2 and ANKB were sequenced to detect the variants related to CPVT. The relationship between the genotypes and phenotypes was analyzed to direct the target therapy.@*Results@#Recurrent syncope induced either by exercise or extreme frightened fear was observed in this patient. There was no positive family history of syncope or sudden death. The resting electrocardiography and echocardiography of the patient were normal, while the exercise testing revealed bidirectional and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. A cardiac ryanodine receptor gene mutation (R2401H) was identified in this patient, while this mutation was absent in his parents and sister and 400 controls. No variant was detected in the remaining five candidate genes. Treatment with high dose of metoprolol succinate (118.75 mg/d) was effective and patient was free of syncopal attack during the 2 years follow-up.@*Conclusion@#This is the first report on RyR2-R2401H mutation in Chinese patient with CPVT, and high dose of metoptolol is the effective therapy option for CPVT related to RyR2 mutation.

Application of three-line positioning method in blood collection by cardiac puncture from rats / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To introduce an improved method for collecting the blood of rat by cardiac puncture .Methods The study se-lected 90 Wistar rats,half male and half female ,and then the rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneally injecting 10％chloral hydrate solution according to 0.3 mL/kg body weight.Then using three-line positioning method to determine the puncture site ,the blood collection needle and blood collection tube were used to collecting the blood ,Finally,the blood volume of each rat was recorded .Results The success rate was cal-culated according to the single blood collection of 5 mL or more,and our 90 rats were collected 90 times,the success rate was about 82.2％. After centrifugation,the total serum was about 260 mL,the average serum separation of each rat was about 2.8 mL.Conclusion The im-proved positioning method of heart blood collection is intuitive and easy to learn ,and the total volume and quality of blood is high ,besides ,the new method has a small surgical trauma and a high efficiency ,which is worth to extend .

Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of pelvic chondrosarcoma / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective· To summarize the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of pelvic chondrosarcoma. Methods · A total of 73 cases of chondrosarcoma were collected, including 24 of pelvic. The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of pelvic chondrosarcoma were analyzed by statistic methods. Results · The ratio of men to women was 1.4:1,and the median age is 43.5 years old. According to the classification of pelvic proposed by Enneking, there were 5 in region Ⅰ?, 14 in region Ⅱ?, and 5 in region Ⅲ?. On histological review, 1 was grade 1, 15 were grade 2 ,and 8 were grade 3. The histologic types included 17 conventional, 3 dedifferentiated, 2 secondary, and 1 mesenchymal. The overall survival rates of pelvic chondrosarcoma were (82.2±8.1) %,(77.3±8.9) % and(52.4±12.1) % for 3, 5 and 10 years respectively. Local recurrence rate of pelvic chondrosarcoma (83.3%) was significantly higher than those of other sites(34.7%)(P=0.000),and the proportion of amputation was significantly higher than the other sites(50.0% vs 20.4%, P=0.000), but there was no significant difference in the overall survival between the two groups (P=0.216). Conclusion · Pelvic chondrosarcoma have a higher local recurrence rate than the other sites and is tend to result in amputation. Early local recurrence after surgery indicates poor prognosis.

Hypoxia effects on the proliferation and differention of hydrogen peroxide-pretreated MC3T3-E1 / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The intracel ular accumulation of reactive oxygen species leads to oxidative stress. Hypoxia is widespread in physiological and pathological condition. Variation of bone proliferation and differentiation when bone tissues cultured or bone cel s induced toxicity by reactive oxygen species under hypoxia have not yet been reported. OBJECTIVE:To observe the biological characteristics of MC3T3-E1 pretreated with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in hypoxia, thus understanding the cel mechanism underlying prolonged bone healing in the elderly with osteoporosis and diabetes. METHODS:The MC3T3-E1 cel s pretreated with different concentrations of H2O2 were cultured in different oxygen concentrations. The proliferation of MC3T3-E1 was detected by cel counting kit-8. The cel differentiation was detected through alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining. Total RNAs were extracted and used for analyzing the mRNA levels of col age type 1, alkaline phosphatase and Cbfa1. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:When MC3T3-E1 pretreated with 200μmol/L H2O2 for 6 hours, the cel proliferation was increased with time, but lower than that in the control group. The alkaline phosphatase activity was weakened, and the number of mineralized nodes was decreased at the early stage of differentiation. When MC3T3-E1 pretreated with 400μmol/L H2O2 for 6 hours, the cel proliferation was decreased obviously. The alkaline phosphatase activity was stil weakened, and the number of mineralized nodes was decreased further, but not affected by hypoxia. When MC3T3-E1 pretreated with 400μmol/L H2O2 for 6 hours and then cultured in hypoxia, the mRNA expression of Cbfa1 was decreased, but the mRNA expressions of col age type 1 and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased. These results suggest that MC3T3-E1 pretreated with low concentration of H2O2 show a significant decrease in proliferation, while MC3T3-E1 pretreated with a high concentration of H2O2 and cultured in hypoxia show a decrease in osteogenic differentiation, especial y at the early stage of alkaline phosphatase formation.

Using Sengstaken-Blakemore tube as assist treatment of escophageal and gastric variceal bleeding under emergency endoscopy / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in assisting cyanoacrylate injection combined with sclerotherapy and variceal ligation under emergency endoscopy in treating escophageal and gastric variceal bleeding. Methods 60 patients were randomly selected, and were evenly divided into 2 groups single blindly. Endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection, sclerotherapy and variceal ligation were performed in control group, and additional Sengstaken-Blakemore tube were used in experimental group. Results All the 30 patients in study group got effective hemostasis (30 of 30, 100.00 %), whereas only 23 patients in control groups stopped bleeding (23 of 30, 76.67 %) (P < 0.05). escophageal and gastric variceal were cured 19 patients in the experimental group (19 of 30, 63.33 %) , and only 4 were cured in the control group (4 of 28, 14.28 %) (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, occurence of fever, chest pain, hospital days and hospitalization costs of experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Treating the escophageal and gastric variceal bleeding, using endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection, sclerotherapy; and variceal ligation under emergency endoscopy combined with Sengstaken-Blakemore tube could significantly increase the therapeutic efficiency as well as reduce complications and therapy cost.