RESUMEN
We investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Vitex rotundifolia (L.) (Verbenaceae) fruits (VRFE) on the immediate-type allergic reactions in vivo and in vitro. VRFE (10(-4)-1.0 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited systemic allergic reaction induced by compound 48/80. When VRFE was employed in a systemic allergic reaction test, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. VRFE (5x10(-1) and 1.0 g/kg) inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. VRFE (10(-3)-1.0 mg/ml) also dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, VRFE (10(-3) mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from RPMC. These results suggest that VRFE may be beneficial in the regulation of immediate-type allergic reaction.
Asunto(s)
Hipersensibilidad Inmediata , Lamiaceae/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Liberación de Histamina/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Mastocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Mastocitos/inmunología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesisRESUMEN
The results of this study indicate that short term treatment of wounds with topical enzymes appears to be safe and is accompanied by no clinically significant side-effects. Topical wound treatment with this enzyme did not interfere either with healing of experimental wounds or the activity of the antibiotics. Wounds subjected to this enzyme treatment exhibited a normal capacity to resist infection, even though this enzyme interferred with leukocyte phagocytosis in vitro. The potential benefits of this treatment in experimental wounds as an adjunct to antibiotics considerably outweigh its damaging effects. Its clinical use in patients must await the results of carefully controlled clinical trials in which the efficacy of this treatment is evaluated.
Asunto(s)
Péptido Hidrolasas/efectos adversos , Administración Tópica , Animales , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Cobayas , Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Péptido Hidrolasas/administración & dosificación , Péptido Hidrolasas/uso terapéutico , Fagocitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Factores de Tiempo , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Most traumatic wounds are contaminated to some degree by soil and run a high risk of infection. The presence of soil in wounds interferes with natural tissue defenses, which include phagocytosis and serum bactericidal capacity. The experimental studies reported herein clearly demonstrate that soil also limits the antibacterial effects of specific antibiotics. This inactivation appears to be the result of a chemical reaction between the charged antibiotics and the soil particles.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones Bacterianas/tratamiento farmacológico , Suelo , Heridas y Lesiones/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Infecciones Bacterianas/etiología , Perros , Gentamicinas/uso terapéutico , Cobayas , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Penicilinas/uso terapéutico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/etiología , Heridas y Lesiones/complicaciones , Heridas y Lesiones/inmunologíaRESUMEN
These experimental studies provide an explanation for the therapeutic value of proteolytic enzymes as adjuncts to antibiotic treatment of contaminated wounds. After wounding, a fibrinous coagulum develops on the wound surface. This coagulum surrounds the bacteria and protects them from contact with sustemically or topically administered antibiotics. Treatment of the wound surface with proteolytic enzymes disrupts the coagulum and exposes the bacteria to the action of the antibiotic. The topical use of enzymes is also associated with significant increases in the concentration of antibiotic at the wound and thus a decrease in the rate of infection.
