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Insulin-loaded nanofibers were prepared using chitosan as a natural polymer. The loaded insulin with polyethylene oxide was used for preparing monolayer batch S1. Nanofiber S1 was coated by seven layers of film on both sides to form batch S2 as a sandwich containing Layer A (CS, PEG and PEO) and Layer B (PEG and PEO) using electrospinning apparatus. SEM, TEM and FT-IR techniques were used to confirm the drug loading within the composite nanofibers. The in vitro activity that provided a sustained and controlled release of the drug from the nanofiber batch was studied at different pH values spectrophotometrically using a dialysis method. In batches S1 and S2, the release of insulin from nanofiber proceeds via burst release necessary to produce the desired therapeutic activity, followed by slow step. The rate and the percentage release of insulin in batch S2 are found to be higher at all pH values.
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The demand for bacterial nanocellulose is expected to rise in the coming years due to its wide usability in many applications. Hence, there is a continuing need to screen soil samples from various sources to isolate a strain with a high capacity for bacterial nanocellulose production. Bacillus sp. strain SEE-12, which was isolated from a soil sample collected from Barhiem, Menoufia governorate, Egypt, displayed high BNC production under submerged fermentation. Bacillus sp. strain SEE-12 was identified as Bacillus tequilensis strain SEE-12. In static cultures, BNC was obtained as a layer grown in the air liquid interface of the fermentation medium. The response surface methodology was used to optimise the process parameters. The highest BNC production (22.8 g/L) was obtained using 5 g/L peptone, 5 g/L yeast extract, 50%, v/v Cantaloupe juice, 5 g/L Na2HPO4, 1.5 g/L citric acid, pH 5, medium volume of 100 mL/250 mL conical flask, inoculum size 5%, v/v, temperature 37 °C and incubation time 6 days. The BNC was purified and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
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Bacterias , Suelo , Fermentación , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
Environmentally-friendly, cyanidin(Cy)-based anthocyanin isolated from red-cabbage served as a spectroscopic probe imprinted onto chitosan nanoparticles (CsNPs), which were in turn integrated onto cellulose paper strip (CPS) as a host matrix to develop a metallochromic solid state sensor for real-time selective determination of ferric ions in an aqueous medium. The ferric transition metal ions in aqueous environments were detected using a novel, simple, portable, fast responsive, low-cost, real-time, environmentally safe, reversible and colorimetric sensor based on chitosan nanoparticles as a hosting biopolymer and cyanidin phenol chromophore as a biomolecular probe. In order to use the cyanidin biomolecule as a pH indicator and chelating agent, it was purified from red-cabbage and added into the CsNPs biosensor film. The colorimetric shift increased in direct proportion to the ferric ion concentration. As a result, the current research that was both qualitative and quantitative was carried out. While the Cy-CsNPs-CPS sensor showed high selectivity for ferric ions, no color change was detected for other metal cations. It was discovered that the detection process occurred as a result of a coordination complex formed between the active sites of phenolic cyanidin and Fe(III) ions.
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Brassica , Quitosano , Nanopartículas , Antocianinas/química , Brassica/química , Celulosa/química , Compuestos Férricos , Extractos VegetalesRESUMEN
In this work, a comparative study was made of different magnesium ion content incorporated into hydroxyapatite (HAP) and modified with selenite ions, with the aim to develop the degradation performance of methylene blue. Although the dopant metal (Mg2+ ) was present at a relatively low ratio, it induced a change in the microstructure, morphology, surface area, external surface charge, particle size, and degradation performance. The effect of magnesium and selenium binary doping on microstructure and degradation of methylene blue was evaluated. The external surface charge measured by zeta potential clarified that the highest negativity was -11.8 mV and this was accomplished in 1.0 Mg/Se-HAP. Furthermore, the roughness average increased from 36.8 nm, reaching 59.2 nm upon the addition of Mg(II). Moreover, transmission electron microscope micrographs showed that compositions were formed as rod shapes. The process of degradation was optimized, showing effectiveness in methylene blue degradation of 62.4% after 150 min of exposure to visible light. Electrostatic attraction and H-bonding, and coordination played vital roles in the adsorption process. The recyclability of the as-prepared compositions demonstrated that the effectiveness had been reduced to ~54.2% after five times of re-use.
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Azul de Metileno , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Adsorción , Durapatita , Iones , Magnesio , Azul de Metileno/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
Designing a nanocomposite that accumulates biocompatibility and antimicrobial behaviour is an essential requirement for biomedical applications. Hydroxyapatite (HAP), graphene oxide, and vivianite in one ternary nanocomposite with three phases and shapes led to an increase in cell viability to 97.6% ± 4 for the osteoblast cells in vitro. The obtained nanocomposites were investigated for their structural features using X-ray diffraction, while the microstructure features were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope. The analysis showed a decrease in the crystal size to 13 nm, while the HAP grains reached 30 nm. The elongated shape of vivianite reached 200 nm on SEM micrographs. The monoclinic and hexagonal crystal systems of HAP and vivianite were presented in the ternary nanocomposite. The maximum roughness peak height reached 236.1 nm for the ternary nanocomposite from 203.3 nm, while the maximum height of the roughness parameter reached 440.7 nm for the di-nanocomposite of HAP/graphene oxide from 419.7 nm. The corrosion current density reached 0.004 µA/cm2 . The ferrous (Fe2+ ) and calcium (Ca2+ ) ions released were measured and confirmed. Therefore, the morphology of the nanocomposites affected bacterial activity. This was estimated as an inhibition zone and reached 14.5 ± 0.9 and 13.4 ± 1.1 mm for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) after 24 h. The increase in viability and the antibacterial activity refer to the compatibility of the nanocomposite in different medical applications.
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Grafito , Nanocompuestos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Durapatita , Escherichia coli , Compuestos Ferrosos , Fosfatos , Staphylococcus aureusRESUMEN
Herein, we develop a novel smart cotton swab as a diagnostic assay for onsite monitoring of sweat pH changes toward potential applications in monitoring human healthcare and drug exam. Anthocyanin (Ac) can be extracted from Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra using a simple procedure. Then, it can be used as a direct dye into cotton fibers using potash alum as mordant (M) to fix the anthocyanin dye onto the surface of the cotton fabric (Cot). This was monitored by generating mordant/anthocyanin nanoparticles (MAcNPs) onto the fabric surface. The cotton sensor assay demonstrated colorimetric changes in the ultraviolet-visible absorbance spectral analysis associated with a blueshift from 588 to 422 nm with increasing the pH of a perspiration simulant fluid. The biochromic performance of the dyed cotton diagnostic assay depended essentially on the halochromic activity of the anthocyanin spectroscopic probe to demonstrate a color change from pink to green due to intramolecular charge transfer occurring on the anthocyanin chromophore. After dyeing, no significant defects were detected in air-permeability and bend length. High colorfastness was investigated for the dyed cotton fabrics.
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Antocianinas/química , Bioensayo , Colorimetría/métodos , Fibra de Algodón , Tecnología Química Verde , Sudor/fisiología , Color , Gases , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Nanopartículas/ultraestructura , Permeabilidad , Espectrofotometría UltravioletaRESUMEN
In this study, chemically cross-linked PVA/PAMPS membranes have been prepared to be used in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The structural properties of the resultant membrane were characterized by use FTIR and SEM. Additionally, their thermal stability was assessed using TGA. Moreover, the mechanical properties and methanol and water uptake of membrane was studied. The obtained FTIR of PVA/PAMPS membranes revealed a noticeable increase in the intensity of adsorption peaks appearing at 1062 and 1220 cm-1, which correspond to sulfonic groups with the increasing proportion of PAMPS. The thermograms of these polyelectrolyte membranes showed that their thermal stability was lower than that of PVA membrane, and total weight loss gradually decreased with increasing the PAMPS. Additionally, the functional properties and efficiency of these polyelectrolyte membranes were significantly improved with increasing PAMPS proportion in these blends. The IEC of polymer blend membrane prepared using PVA/PAMPS ratio of 1:1 was 2.64 meq/g. The same membrane recorded also a methanol permeability coefficient of 2.5 × 10-8 cm2/s and thus, its efficiency factor was 4 × 105 greater than that previously reported for the commercial polyelectrolyte membrane, Nafion® (2.6 × 105). No significant increase in this efficiency factor was observed with a further amount of PAMPS. These results proved that the PVA:PAMPS ratio of 1:1 represents the optimum mass ratio to develop the cost-effective and efficient PVA/PAMPS blend membranes for DMFCs applications.
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In this study, a polymeric (acrylonitrile-co-styrene) P(AN-co-St) composite was impregnated with adsorbents, such as sulfonated and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), to increase the adsorptive characteristics of the nanocomposite upon the removal of methyl orange (MO) dye under different conditions. A novel nanocomposite copolymer mixture of P(AN-co-St) and SP(AN-co-St) was used. MWCNTs were prepared by a low-cost chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Variation in MO adsorption onto the three nanocomposites was examined in an aqueous solution via the batch technique with respect to contact time, initial MO concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature. The surface of the nanocomposites was characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), particle size distribution (PSD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman analysis. The experimental data showed that the efficiency of P(AN-co-St)/ MWCNT removal increased under the conditions of an acidic pH (3 and 5) with an agitation speed of 140 rpm, a sorbent weight of 0.01 g, and 20 mg of initial dye. The maximum sorption capacities were 121.95, 48.78, and 47.84 mg g-1 for the P(AN-co-St)/ MWCNTs, SP(AN-co-St), and P(AN-co-St) composites, respectively, as assessed by the Langmuir model. Additional isotherm models, such as the Freundlich, Temkin, and Halsey models, were used to examine the experimental data. A pseudo-second-order model was found to be more fitting for describing the sorption.
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Series of nanofibrous composites of polycaprolactone (PCL) were fabricated in different compositions of modified hydroxyapatite (HAP). The encapsulated HAP was co-doped with Ag/vanadate ions at different Ag contributions. XRD and FTIR techniques confirmed the powder and fibrous phase formation. Further, the morphological and mechanical behaviors of the electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds containing hydroxyapatite were investigated. The nanofibrous phases were biologically evaluated via studying contact angle, antibacterial, cell viability, and in vitro growth of human fibroblasts cell line (HFB4). It is obvious that silver ions cause gradual deviation in powder grains from wafer-like to cloudy grains. The maximum height of the roughness (Rt) ranged from 902.0 to 956.9 nm, while the valley depth of the roughness (Rv) ranged from 308.3 to 442.8 nm, for the lowest and the highest additional Ag ions for powdered phases. Moreover, the highest contribution of silver through the nanofibrous phases leads to the formation of lowest filaments size ranged from 0.07 to 0.53 µm. Further, the fracture strength was increased exponentially from 2.51 ± 0.35 MPa at zero concentration of silver ions up to 4.23 ± 0.64 MPa at 0.6 Ag/V-HAP@PCL. The fibrous phases were biologically evaluated in terms of antibacterial, cell viability, and in vitro growth of human fibroblasts cell line (HFB4). The nanofibrous composition of 0.8 Ag/V-HAP@PCL reached the maximum potential against E. coli and S. aureus and recorded 20.3 ± 1.1 and 19.8 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. This significant performance of the antibacterial activity and cell viability of co-doped HAP distributed through PCL could recommend these compositions for more research in biological applications, including wound healing.
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Wide dissemination of pesticides for protecting plants against pests has resulted in high production of un-infected crops but higher environmental pollution. High percentages of pesticides are released to the environment and finally use water as the final destination. The current study is concerning by removal of Imidacloprid pesticide from water using pressure-free passage through polymeric membrane integrated design. Both of chitosan and chitosan functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs @chitosan) membranes were prepared, characterized and applied as adsorbent matrix for Imidacloprid. SEM, TEM and PSA analysis revealed the biosynthesis of AgNPs in the range of 25-50 nm. However, SEM and FTIR analysis revealed the proper formation of chitosan membrane and its proper functionalization with silver nanoparticles. Both of chitosan and AgNPs @chitosan membranes succeeded to remove 40 and 85% of Imidacloprid at slightly acidic pH, respectively. Moreover, the amount of removed Imidacloprid was proportional with the amount of its initial concentration indicating the successful removal of Imidacloprid by AgNPs @chitosan membrane even at higher pesticide concentrations. The obtained results indicate the promising use of AgNPs @chitosan membranes for removal of Imidacloprid pesticide from contaminated water depending on the pressure-free design that lacks external energy support.
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Quitosano/química , Neonicotinoides/aislamiento & purificación , Nitrocompuestos/aislamiento & purificación , Plata/química , Antibacterianos/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Neonicotinoides/química , Nitrocompuestos/química , Plaguicidas/química , Plaguicidas/aislamiento & purificación , PolímerosRESUMEN
The wide distribution of infections-related pathogenic microbes is almost related to the contamination of food and/or drinking water. The current applied treatments face some limitations. In the current study, k-carrageenan polymer was used as supporting material for the proper/unreleased silver nanoparticles that showed strong antimicrobial activity against six pathogenic bacteria and yeast. The bio-extract of the pupa of green bottle fly was used as the main agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The qualitative investigation of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis; however, the size of nanoparticles was in range of 30-100 nm, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and particle size analyzer. The proper integration of silver nanoparticles into the polymeric substrate was also characterized through fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), SEM, and tensile strength. The antimicrobial activity of k-carrageenan/silver nanoparticles against Gram positive, Gram negative, and yeast pathogens was highly effective. These results indicate the probable exploitation of the polymeric/nanoparticles composite as an extra stage in water purification systems in homes or even at water treatment plants.
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Carragenina , Descontaminación/métodos , Agua Potable , Tecnología Química Verde , Nanopartículas del Metal , Plata , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Carragenina/química , Técnicas de Química Sintética , Tecnología Química Verde/métodos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/ultraestructura , Estructura Molecular , Plata/química , TermogravimetríaRESUMEN
This work is concerned with the bio-exfoliation of graphite using a soil bacterium. The isolated bacterium showed a detectable ability to oxidize and change its physical appearance and chemical structure. Multiple characterization procedures were used to study the physical and chemical changes. Raman and FTIR spectroscopy proved that the isolate G3 partially exfoliated the graphite into multi-layer sp2 graphitic layers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) proved that there was a change in morphology between untreated graphite waste and that manipulated by bacteria. Cyclic voltammetry results proved that the green exfoliated graphite (GEG) was suitable for use in biosensor applications and showed a noticeable ability to detect methanol, even at lower concentrations. These findings are considered as promising for the biological manipulation of graphite waste for environmental purposes. In addition, it is proved that the bacterial transformation of graphite into other GEG structures occurs without needing the chemically hazardous methods that are currently applied.
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The future expected water scarcity in the world invites the scientists to figure out sustainable solutions for agriculture needs. One of suggested solutions could be the improvement of soil stability and increasing its water retention ability. The current proposal is concerning by the improvement of soil stability through biocementation process. While, water retention ability was enhanced through the amendment of tested soils with alginate hydrogel. An ureolytic bacterial isolate showed a detectable ability to dissociate urea and act as a nucleation site for calcium carbonate precipitation. The bacterium was identified as Bacillus sp. after comparing with other strains in GenBank. The mechanical properties of three tested soil types (sand, calcareous, and clay) were improved after the biocementation by calcium carbonate from 119.8, 45.9, and 5 (N) to 187.5, 423.9, and 337.2, respectively. The Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis confirmed the appearance of carbon element in samples containing bacterial-immobilized beads and free bacterial cells indicating calcium carbonate formation. The water uptake measurements investigated the ability of alginate beads to retain water with a percentage of 55%. The overall results prove the capability of Bacillus sp. strain combined with alginate hydrogel to improve the soil stability and water retention ability.
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The presence of dyes in industrial wastewater is a serious problem that hazards the surrounding environment. Therefore, this work investigates the removal of a binary dye system composed of Methylene Blue (MB) and Crystal Violet (CV) using an innovative composite (cotton fiber-graphene oxide (C-GO)). The simultaneous determination of the concentrations of the dyes in the binary system is a challenge. Thus, a new method was investigated to simultaneously detect the concentration of the dyes in the binary system using first-order derivative UV spectra to avoid the complex overlap of the maximum peaks in the original zero-order absorption spectra. Different parameters affecting the filter sorption mode, such as the concentration of the dyes, the dose of the (C-GO) composite, the dose of NaCl, flow rate, temperature, and pH, were investigated. The data obtained showed high adsorption efficiency for the binary dye system (>99%). This was approved based on the maximum sorption capacity (Q°) value obtained for the Langmuir model. Furthermore, this technique was developed, evaluated and applied to treat real industrial waste. The obtained data showed that the C-GO composite was highly efficient in treating industrial wastewater containing such dyes when a sufficient quantity is used. Therefore, it can be used as a promising adsorbent for such dyes in wastewater treatment processes.
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Hydroxyethyl methacrylate-derivative pullulan (pullulan-HEMA) was synthesized by activation of HEMA followed by catalyzed reaction for adjusting the degree of substitution (DS) of copolymer. Pullulan-HEMA was photocrosslinked using new three-components photoinitiating system composed of carboxylated camphorquinone-folic acid-iodonium salt under visible light. Folic acid was employed as new coinitiator for improving the entire hydrogel properties and avoiding harms of traditional used tertiary amine coinitiators. Pullulan-HEMA hydrogels were characterized by swelling, crosslinking density, and degree of conversion. It was observed that the increase of crosslinking density, Tg, degree of conversion are owing to increasing the DS of copolymer. However, water uptake of hydrogel decreased with increasing the DS value and folic acid concentrations, owing to increasing the crosslinking densities of hydrogels. Also, increasing DS of copolymer and folic acid improved sharply hydrogel surface morphology and prolonged the required time for enzymatic degradation. Notably, the alteration in DS of copolymer converted the in vitro release profile of dexamethasone from rapid and big burst release into sustained and low release behavior. Meanwhile, we could obtain progressive and tunable storage modulus ranged ca. 2.0-10â¯KPa when DS of copolymer was altered from 0.025 to 0.086, showing that pullulan-HEMA hydrogels are promising biomaterial candidate for biomedical applications.
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Reactivos de Enlaces Cruzados/química , Dexametasona , Ácido Fólico , Glucanos , Hidrogeles , Metacrilatos , Procesos Fotoquímicos , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/síntesis química , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/química , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/farmacocinética , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/farmacología , Dexametasona/química , Dexametasona/farmacocinética , Dexametasona/farmacología , Ácido Fólico/química , Ácido Fólico/farmacocinética , Ácido Fólico/farmacología , Glucanos/química , Glucanos/farmacocinética , Glucanos/farmacología , Hidrogeles/síntesis química , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacocinética , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Metacrilatos/química , Metacrilatos/farmacocinética , Metacrilatos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
It is well known that the pathogenic multidrug resistant microbes are highly distributed and transferred to human through contaminated food and water. Advanced technologies have been developed for controlling these microbes using synthesized nanoparticles. In this study, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were prepared, characterized and integrated with two synthetic and natural polymers. The polymers-silver nanoparticles were characterized using SEM, FTIR and mechanical properties of the membrane synthesized from either polymers with/without nanosilver. Both of pathogenic bacteria and yeast were tested for their resistance against 10 different antibiotics. The pathogens showed high resistance against 9 antibiotics and only one was recorded as potent. The cytotoxicity of nanosilver integrated polymers were tested against Hamster kidney cells and Human skin fibroblast cells, and the non-cytotoxic dose was checked for its antimicrobial activity against the selected pathogens. The obtained results in this study confirm that the using of the nanomaterials in safe doses could be a good substitution for biogenic antibiotics and chemicals used in water treatment. Moreover, the beads which were used in this study could be lasts for long period in water treatment station with high antibacterial capacity, in addition, it can be gathered easily at the end of the run.
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Alginatos/química , Descontaminación/métodos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Plata/química , Microbiología del Agua , Contaminación del Agua , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias/crecimiento & desarrollo , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Pruebas Antimicrobianas de Difusión por Disco , Ácido Glucurónico/química , Ácidos Hexurónicos/química , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Membranas Artificiales , Soluciones , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Resistencia a la TracciónRESUMEN
Novel absorbents for the removal of Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions from aqueous solutions were prepared from solution cast sulfated chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol membranes (SCS/PVA) and their properties were investigated. FTIR, SEM, XRD and TGA analyses were used to determine membrane structure. The effect of environmental parameters on absorption was studied, including pH, contact time, temperature and the initial concentration of Ni2+ and Cu2+ ions. Freundlich and Langmuir absorption isotherms were fitted to experimental data and a pseudo-second order rate equation was employed to model the kinetics of uptake for several copper and nickel ion concentrations. The results indicate that the affinity of an SCS/PVA membrane for Cu2+ ions was higher than that for Ni2+ ions. The study demonstrated that the SCS/PVA system can be utilized as highly efficient sorbents, to extract Ni2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous feed solutions.
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OBJECTIVE: Test the hypothesis that glass-bonding of free-form veneer and core ceramic layers can produce robust interfaces, chemically durable and esthetic in appearance and, above all, resistant to delamination. METHODS: Layers of independently produced porcelains (NobelRondo™ Press porcelain, Nobel BioCare AB and Sagkura Interaction porcelain, Elephant Dental) and matching alumina or zirconia core ceramics (Procera alumina, Nobel BioCare AB, BioZyram yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal, Cyrtina Dental) were joined with designed glasses, tailored to match thermal expansion coefficients of the components and free of toxic elements. Scanning electron microprobe analysis was used to characterize the chemistry of the joined interfaces, specifically to confirm interdiffusion of ions. Vickers indentations were used to drive controlled corner cracks into the glass interlayers to evaluate the toughness of the interfaces. RESULTS: The glass-bonded interfaces were found to have robust integrity relative to interfaces fused without glass, or those fused with a resin-based adhesive. SIGNIFICANCE: The structural integrity of the interfaces between porcelain veneers and alumina or zirconia cores is a critical factor in the longevity of all-ceramic dental crowns and fixed dental prostheses.
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Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Porcelana Dental , Coronas con Frente Estético , Vidrio , Óxido de Aluminio , Coronas , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Módulo de Elasticidad , Vidrio/química , Dureza , Ensayo de Materiales , Vitrificación , Itrio , CirconioRESUMEN
A total of 34 kidney transplant recipients (18 infertile and 16 fertile) and 31 nontransplant persons (15 infertile and 16 fertile) were included in this study. All subjects were assessed clinically and by measurement of basal concentrations of total testosterone, FSH, cyclosporine whole blood trough levels, serum creatinine, haemoglobin and semen analysis using computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) as well as scrotal ultrasonography to evaluate testicular dimensions. Our results demonstrate a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in sperm concentration, the percentage of motile spermatozoa, straight line velocity (VSL), linearity (LIN) and velocity of average path (VAP) among infertile transplant patients in comparison with the fertile transplant group. Serum testosterone, FSH levels and testicular dimensions did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between fertile and infertile transplant recipients. Both sperm concentration and VSL were inversely correlated to the cyclosporine whole blood trough levels (p < 0.05). The time spent on haemodialysis was inversely correlated (p < 0.05) with the percentage of motile spermatozoa and the amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH). In conclusion, CASA is valuable in evaluation of sperm motility in infertile renal transplant patients. Stabilization of the cyclosporine whole blood trough level within the target therapeutic level and correction of anaemia (if any) could improve the fertility potential in kidney transplant recipients.