Clinical ethnographic narrative interview about the experience of women discharged from the prison system / Entrevista narrativa clínica etnográfica sobre la experiencia de mujeres salidas del sistema penitenciario / Entrevista narrativa etnográfica clínica sobre a experiência de mulheres egressas do sistema prisional

ABSTRACT Objectives to analyze the perception of women discharged from the prison system about the main stressors that marked their life trajectories and to discuss the feasibility of the Clinical Ethnographic Narrative Interview technique to facilitate the narrative of this group. Method narrative research developed in a social protection center in the interior of São Paulo. Data were collected in 2021 (January and February) using the Clinical Ethnographic Narrative Interview technique, which intersperses narratives and visual aids. The synergy between the concepts of vulnerability and stress was adopted as a theoretical framework, and content analysis was performed. The discussion of viability was based on the criteria of acceptability and expansion. Results The narratives addressed psychosocial difficulties prior to incarceration and the hostile environment of the overcrowded prison as a place of conflict and abuse of power. Family helplessness, estrangement from children, negative emotions, somatic symptoms and traumas were mentioned as consequences of seclusion. The participants also reported coping processes with words that referred to the ideas of overcoming, hope, new beginning and gratitude. It is understood that this high point of the narratives may reflect the potential of the interview technique and corroborates its adequacy. Conclusion The undoubted painful character of the narratives about the different adversities experienced, especially as a result of seclusion, was also permeated by aspects that denoted resilient processes. The adoption of this interview technique made data collection more sensitive, welcoming and timely to expand the repertoire of words in the expression of feelings and revisit painful experiences, envisioning positive possibilities for the future.

RESUMEN Objetivos analizar la percepción de mujeres egresadas del sistema penitenciario sobre los principales estresores que marcaron sus trayectorias de vida y discutir la viabilidad de la técnica de Entrevista Narrativa Etnográfica Clínica para facilitar la narrativa de este grupo. Método investigación narrativa desarrollada en un dispositivo de protección social del interior de São Paulo. Los datos fueron recolectados en 2021 (enero y febrero) utilizando la técnica de Entrevista Narrativa Etnográfica Clínica, que intercala narrativas y ayudas visuales. Se adoptó como marco teórico la sinergia entre los conceptos de vulnerabilidad y estrés y se realizó un análisis de contenido. La discusión de viabilidad se basó en los criterios de aceptabilidad y expansión Resultados Las narrativas abordaron las dificultades psicosociales previas al encarcelamiento y el ambiente hostil de la prisión superpoblada como locus de conflicto y abuso de poder. Se mencionaron como consecuencias de la reclusión el desamparo familiar, el alejamiento de los hijos, las emociones negativas, los síntomas somáticos y los traumas. Los participantes también relataron procesos de afrontamiento con palabras que hacían referencia a las ideas de superación, esperanza, nuevo comienzo y gratitud. Se entiende que este punto alto de las narraciones puede reflejar el potencial de la técnica de la entrevista y corrobora su adecuación. Conclusión El indudable carácter doloroso de las narrativas sobre las diferentes adversidades vividas, especialmente a raíz del encierro, también estuvo permeado por aspectos que denotaban procesos resilientes. La adopción de esta técnica de entrevista hizo que la recolección de datos fuera más sensible, acogedora y oportuna para ampliar el repertorio de palabras en la expresión de sentimientos y revivir experiencias dolorosas, vislumbrando posibilidades positivas para el futuro.

RESUMO Objetivos analisar a percepção de mulheres egressas do sistema prisional sobre os principais estressores que marcaram suas trajetórias de vida e discutir a viabilidade da técnica Entrevista Narrativa Etnográfica Clínica para facilitar a narrativa desse grupo. Método pesquisa narrativa desenvolvida em um dispositivo de proteção social do interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados em 2021 (janeiro e fevereiro) utilizando a técnica Entrevista Narrativa Etnográfica Clínica, que intercala narrativas e recursos visuais. A sinergia entre os conceitos de vulnerabilidade e estresse foi adotada como referencial teórico, tendo sido realizada a análise de conteúdo. A discussão da viabilidade foi pautada nos critérios aceitabilidade e expansão. Resultados As narrativas abordaram dificuldades psicossociais pregressas ao encarceramento e o ambiente hostil do cárcere superlotado como lócus de conflitos e abuso de poder. Desamparo familiar, distanciamento dos filhos, emoções negativas, sintomas somáticos e traumas foram mencionados como consequências da reclusão. As participantes também relataram processos de enfrentamento com palavras que remetiam às ideias de superação, esperança, recomeço e gratidão. Entende-se que esse ponto alto das narrativas pode ter reflexos do potencial da técnica de entrevista e corrobora a sua adequação. Conclusão O indubitável caráter doloroso das narrativas sobre as diferentes adversidades vivenciadas, sobretudo em decorrência da reclusão, também foi perpassado por aspectos que denotaram processos resilientes. A adoção da referida técnica de entrevista tornou a coleta de dados mais sensível, acolhedora e oportuna para ampliar o repertório de palavras na expressão dos sentimentos e revisitação de experiências dolorosas, vislumbrando possibilidades positivas para o futuro.

Experience of Vulnerable Women Narrated through the Body-Mapping Technique.

Vulnerable women are considered a priority in public policies and research agendas. It is necessary to understand better the specificities of their daily lives and the meanings they attribute to their experiences, as this undoubtedly contributes to more grounded and culturally appropriate practices. Additionally, innovative techniques in qualitative research are demanded in academia. This narrative research study was carried out with fourteen women from a Brazilian socioeconomically vulnerable neighborhood. We used the body-mapping technique to investigate the experiences of women with mental health disorders or psychosocial distress. The aim was to analyze the self-perception about daily stressors and discuss the feasibility of this technique to facilitate this group's storytelling. Data collection was performed through focus groups, guided by the body-mapping technique steps, and supplemented with individual interviews. Interpersonal conflicts and violence were the main stressors. These strongly impacted the well-being of these women and their children. Some important personal qualities and resilience were identified. Body-mapping played a fundamental role in facilitating storytelling. It amplified the linguistic possibilities for participants to express their feelings and promoted reflections about the present, past, and glimpses into the future.

Promotion of women's mental health: the influence of physical health and the environment.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of a group of women's mental health promotion conducted by nurses. METHOD: This is a quantitative study of the pre- and post-test type. The participants were women aged between 20 and 64 years old attending a Primary Care Unit. We used the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment questionnaire, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were collected before, immediately after and three months after the intervention. RESULTS: improvement in the physical and environmental quality of life was identified. However, there was no measurable change in the other indicators adopted. CONCLUSION: the ludic activities and the Body Mapping technique were promising for improving the physical and environmental domain of quality of life, constituting important tools for nursing care and interventions related to mental health in basic care.

The role of social support in the psychological illness of women. / O papel do apoio social no adoecimento psíquico de mulheres.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the relationship between perception of social support and emotional and physical symptoms associated with psychiatric conditions among women. METHOD: a cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out with a randomized random sample of 141 women attended at a Family Health Unit of the city of Ribeirão Preto/SP. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Social Support Questionnaire and the Self-Report Questionnaire were used. RESULTS: there was no association between sociodemographic characteristics and mental disorder, but between aspects such as low income and schooling. The exercise of professions culturally considered as of low prestige gave rise to some reflections related to gender inequality. There was a significant difference in the satisfaction scores between the women who reported or not the symptoms of tiredness and sadness and the number of supporters among those who reported or not the symptom of fatigue. Spouses and children were the most mentioned supporters, and having mental disorder was significantly associated with having no friends in the support network. CONCLUSION: issues related to gender equity and satisfaction with social support are important aspects of care. For the promotion of mental health, efforts must be made to make women feel more connected and supported by the supporters available in their social environment.

O papel do apoio social no adoecimento psíquico de mulheres / The role of social support in the psychological illness of women / El papel del apoyo social en la enfermedad psíquica de las mujeres

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre percepção de apoio social e sintomas emocionais e físicos associados a quadros psiquiátricos entre mulheres. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado com uma amostra aleatória randomizada de 141 mulheres atendidas numa Unidade de Saúde da Família do munícipio de Ribeirão Preto/SP. Foram utilizados questionário sociodemográfico, Questionário de Suporte Social e Self Report Questionaire. Resultados: não houve associação entre as características sociodemográficas e o transtorno mental, mas entre aspectos como baixa renda e escolaridade. O exercício de profissões culturalmente consideradas de baixo prestígio suscitou algumas reflexões relacionadas à desigualdade de gênero. Houve diferença significativa nos escores de satisfação entre as mulheres que referiram ou não os sintomas de cansaço e tristeza e do número de apoiadores entre as que referiram ou não o sintoma de cansaço. Cônjuges e filhos foram os apoiadores mais mencionados e ter transtorno mental foi significativamente associado a não ter amigos na rede de apoio. Conclusão: questões relacionadas à equidade de gênero e à satisfação com o apoio social são aspectos importantes para a assistência. Para a promoção da saúde mental deve-se empreender esforços para que as mulheres se sintam mais conectadas e amparadas pelos apoiadores disponíveis em seu entorno social.

Objective: to analyze the relationship between perception of social support and emotional and physical symptoms associated with psychiatric conditions among women. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out with a randomized random sample of 141 women attended at a Family Health Unit of the city of Ribeirão Preto/SP. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Social Support Questionnaire and the Self-Report Questionnaire were used. Results: there was no association between sociodemographic characteristics and mental disorder, but between aspects such as low income and schooling. The exercise of professions culturally considered as of low prestige gave rise to some reflections related to gender inequality. There was a significant difference in the satisfaction scores between the women who reported or not the symptoms of tiredness and sadness and the number of supporters among those who reported or not the symptom of fatigue. Spouses and children were the most mentioned supporters, and having mental disorder was significantly associated with having no friends in the support network. Conclusion: issues related to gender equity and satisfaction with social support are important aspects of care. For the promotion of mental health, efforts must be made to make women feel more connected and supported by the supporters available in their social environment.

Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la percepción de apoyo social y síntomas emocionales y físicos asociados a cuadros psiquiátricos entre mujeres. Método: estudio transversal, cuantitativo, realizado con una muestra aleatorizada de 141 mujeres atendidas en una Unidad de Salud de la Familia del municipio de Ribeirão Preto/SP. Se utilizaron cuestionario sociodemográfico, Cuestionario de Apoyo Social y el Self Report Questionaire. Resultados: no hubo asociación entre las características sociodemográficas y el trastorno mental, pero entre aspectos como baja renta y escolaridad. El ejercicio de profesiones culturalmente consideradas de bajo prestigio suscitó algunas reflexiones relacionadas con la desigualdad de género. Se observó una diferencia significativa en los escasos de satisfacción entre las mujeres que mencionaron o no los síntomas de cansancio y tristeza y del número de apoyadores entre las que mencionaron o no el síntoma de cansancio. Los cónyuges e hijos fueron los apoyadores más mencionados y el trastorno mental se asoció significativamente a no tener amigos en la red de apoyo. Conclusión: cuestiones relacionadas con la equidad de género y la satisfacción con el apoyo social son aspectos importantes para la asistencia. Para la promoción de la salud mental se debe emprender esfuerzos para que las mujeres se sientan más conectadas y amparadas por los apoyadores disponibles en su entorno social.

Promotion of women's mental health: the influence of physical health and the environment / Promoción de la salud mental de las mujeres: la influencia de la salud física y el medio ambiente / Promoção da saúde mental de mulheres: a influência da saúde física e do meio ambiente

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the results of a group of women's mental health promotion conducted by nurses. Method: This is a quantitative study of the pre- and post-test type. The participants were women aged between 20 and 64 years old attending a Primary Care Unit. We used the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment questionnaire, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were collected before, immediately after and three months after the intervention. Results: improvement in the physical and environmental quality of life was identified. However, there was no measurable change in the other indicators adopted. Conclusion: the ludic activities and the Body Mapping technique were promising for improving the physical and environmental domain of quality of life, constituting important tools for nursing care and interventions related to mental health in basic care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los resultados de un grupo de promoción de la salud mental en mujeres, dirigido por enfermeras. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo del tipo pre-test y post-test. Las participantes fueron mujeres entre 20 y 64 años atendidas en una Unidad de Atención Básica. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Apoyo Social de Sarason, el cuestionario de Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Los datos se recolectaron antes, inmediatamente después y tres meses después de la intervención. Resultados: se identificó una mejora en el dominio físico y del medio ambiente de la calidad de vida, sin embargo no se registraron cambios mensurables en los demás indicadores adoptados. Conclusión: las actividades lúdicas y la técnica de Body Mapping resultaron alentadoras para la mejora del dominio físico y del medio ambiente de la calidad de vida, constituyendo herramientas importantes para el cuidado de enfermería e intervenciones relacionadas a la salud mental en la atención básica.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever os resultados de um grupo de promoção à saúde mental de mulheres, conduzido por enfermeiras. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo do tipo pré e pós-teste. As participantes foram mulheres entre 20 e 64 anos atendidas numa Unidade de Atenção Básica. Utilizou-se o Questionário de Suporte Social de Sarason, o questionário de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde e a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Os dados foram coletados antes, imediatamente depois e três meses após a intervenção. Resultados: foi identificada melhoria no domínio físico e do meio ambiente da qualidade de vida, contudo não houve alteração mensurável nos demais indicadores adotados. Conclusão: as atividades lúdicas e a técnica de Body Mapping se mostraram promissoras para melhoria do domínio físico e do meio ambiente da qualidade de vida, constituindo importantes ferramentas para o cuidado de enfermagem e intervenções relacionadas à saúde mental na atenção básica.

The Role of Social Support for Patients with Mental Disorders in Primary Care in Brazil.

The aim of this article was to identify the health care providers and other agencies in a given region where psychiatric patients included in the study reside. In addition, we evaluated how these patients perceive social support for specific needs related to mental health. This study was carried out using fieldwork and face-to-face semistructured interviews with 25 patients who were receiving psychiatric treatment through primary health care. We performed structural analysis of the data focusing on relationship structure. We identified that a significant number of health care providers were involved with the patients; however, some of them were ignored by patients interviewed. Participants cited mostly general practitioners, psychiatrists, and nurses, as professional references.