[Antioxidant status evaluation in sportsmen using in their ration natural concentrated food products made by cryogenic technology].

The authors evaluated the level of products of lipid peroxidation and enzymatic component of antioxidant defense in 30 sportsmen (19-22 years) going in for boat racing at pre-competition period, after competition and during one month of subsequent planned training. At the same time, the authors assessed some indices of vitamin (А, Е, В1, В2) and mineral status of human organism (zinc, copper, iron). As the criteria of antioxidant defense status, catalase activity and ceruloplasmin level were detected in blood serum, content of products of lipid peroxidation was evaluated according to levels of malon dialdehyde and nitric oxide metabolites. To assess influence of food ration upon antioxidant defense in sportsmen, natural concentrated food products made by cryogenic technology were administrated to persons of the main group (n=15). The food products were administrated as powder in second course during organized diner. The food products were not given to persons in control group (n=15). First food product consisted of vegetable components and animal protein: cryopowders of rabbit meat, celery, onion, pumpkin, hips. Second food product consisted of cryopowders of red grape, topinambour, beet root and verdure of parsley. Both food products were given 10 grams during 15 days. Results showed before study 40% of sportsmen had high level of products of lipid peroxidation. It probably provided evidence about inadequacy of physical loads. These changes were detected against the background decreased content of vitamins А (10.0% persons), Е (40.0% persons), В2 (43.3% persons), В1 (100.0% persons), copper (30.0% persons) and iron (53.3 % persons). The preparation for sportive competitions led to augmentation of products of lipid peroxidation in control group. In persons of main group using the food products during pre-competition period, the increase of micronutrient saturation was noted; it probably positively influenced upon metabolic processes in human organism and prevented the augmentation of production of malon dialdehyde and nitric metabolites. The enzymatic component activity in control group did not change and was in the range of standard. Since the level of lipid peroxidation metabolites in blood serum in main group significantly decreased at the end of observation, but enzymatic component activity remained high (it provided evidence of higher antioxidant defense), the authors supposed aftereffect due to using in ration food products with elevated content of biologically active substances. Probably, sportsmen of main group more sufficiently endured planned physical loads. Obtained results provided evidence about availability of using food products made by cryogenic technology in ration of sportsmen of different kind of sport.

[Course of wound process in chemical burns of the stomach (results of morphological and endoscopic studies)]. / Techenie ranevogo protsessa pri khimicheskikh ozhogakh zheludka (po rezul'tatam morfologicheskogo i éndoskopicheskogo issledovanii).

The dynamics of the wound process in chemical burns of the stomach were studied on the basis of histological and endoscopic examinations. The patients who were studied were given nonoperative treatment, in all cases for corrosive gastric ulcers. The most frequent complications were cicatricial stenoses (86.6%) in involvement of the antral part of the stomach. Regeneration of the damaged tissues of the gastric wall was disturbed, the specific features of these disorders were studied.

[Surgical tactics in patients with postburn cicatricial esophageal stenosis]. / Khirurgicheskaia taktika u bol'nykh s posleozhogovymi rubtsovymi suzheniiami pishchevoda.

Surgical policy during the first years after burn was aimed at the recovery of natural nutrition. To achieve that, esophageal bougienage (503 cases) or total retrosternal esophagoplasty from the large intestine (192 cases) were performed. The authors hold that in order to attain complete medical rehabilitation for the patients, it is necessary to remove all the cicatricially changed tissues. Esophageal resection was performed in 78 patients, including 27 with preservation of the n. vagus. In the long-term postburn period, a problem arises as to the surgical correction of functional and morphological alterations associated with the establishment of artificial esophagus (80 cases including 35 patients who were operated on by S. S. Yudin). While choosing surgical policy it is necessary to take into account both the technical skills of a surgeon and the whole complex of changes in the patient's body, which have already developed and are going to develop in the future.

[Changes in the lungs in the early period of closed trauma of the thorax in rats]. / Izmeneniia v legkikh v rannem periode zakrytoi travmy grudnoi kletki u krys.

In experiments on rats it has been demonstrated that in the acute period of uninjured parts of the lungs periodic changes of protein, lipid and glucose concentrations developed. In uninjured parts of the lungs one can observe more concentration of lipids and in injured parts-more glucose. The changes of substrates, concentrations in the lungs are due to not only the changes of venous blood excess in the lungs, but are connected with metabolic changes in the cells of the injured and uninjured parts of the lungs. The metabolic changes in the lungs in the acute period of chest trauma influence the creation of such indices of gas exchange as PaCO2 and PACO2.

[Endoscopic laser therapy of chemical burns of the esophagus (clinico-morphologic studies)]. / Endoskopicheskaia lazernaia terapiia khimicheskikh ozhogov pishchevoda (kliniko-morfologicehskoe issledovanie).

Clinical and morphological studies were performed to evaluate the results of endoscopic helium-neon laser therapy in 34 patients with chemical esophageal burns. There was an accelerated epithelization of the impaired esophageal mucosa, which occurred on the second week following the esophageal burning. It was concluded that it was advisable to include local endoscopic laser therapy into the combined treatment of patients with chemical esophageal lesions.

[Iatrogenic instrumental injuries to the gastrointestinal tract]. / Iatrogennye instrumental'nye povrezhdeniia zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

Clinical-anatomical correlations are drawn for 155 cases of esophageal injuries related to instrumental investigations. These injuries involved a lethal outcome in 21% of cases. Relevant pathology is referred to as iatrogenic. The analysis suggests a relationship between an early diagnosis and outcome. Morphological characteristics are presented for esophageal injuries and associated complications. Considered are iatrogenic damage to the gastric wall due to glue application, sequelae of endoscopic choledochotomies, laparoscopies, etc. A rare complication of small intestinal intubation with resultant invagination is recorded. The complications are assessed morphologically, their outcomes are listed. The authors emphasize the significance of the clinico-morphologic analysis of each individual pathology for formulating postmortem diagnosis and cause of death.

[Morphological changes in splenic autotransplants following splenectomy: clinical and experimental studies]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia autotransplantatov selezenki posle splenéktomii v klinike i éksperimente.

Reports results of clinical, morphologic, and laboratory studies carried out in 18 patients allografted with spleen fragments into the greater omentum following splenectomy for a traumatic injury of the spleen, and in 20 splenectomized dogs allografted with spleen fragments or a spleen cell suspension into various parts of the abdominal cavity. Spleen tissue regeneration in the allografts was found to be nearing completion 6 to 8 weeks after the transplantation. The regeneration took less time to be completed in dogs grafted with spleen fragments than in those grafted with a cell suspension, but occurred at similar rates whatever the site in the abdominal cavity into which the fragments or suspension had been grafted. In the allografted patients, the incidence of posttransplantation suppurations was lower than in a similar group of patients who had undergone splenectomy without allografting.