Carbon fragmentation measurements and validation of the Geant4 nuclear reaction models for hadrontherapy.

Nuclear fragmentation measurements are necessary when using heavy-ion beams in hadrontherapy to predict the effects of the ion nuclear interactions within the human body. Moreover, they are also fundamental to validate and improve the Monte Carlo codes for their use in planning tumor treatments. Nowadays, a very limited set of carbon fragmentation cross sections are being measured, and in particular, to our knowledge, no double-differential fragmentation cross sections at intermediate energies are available in the literature. In this work, we have measured the double-differential cross sections and the angular distributions of the secondary fragments produced in the (12)C fragmentation at 62 A MeV on a thin carbon target. The experimental data have been used to benchmark the prediction capability of the Geant4 Monte Carlo code at intermediate energies, where it was never tested before. In particular, we have compared the experimental data with the predictions of two Geant4 nuclear reaction models: the Binary Light Ions Cascade and the Quantum Molecular Dynamic. From the comparison, it has been observed that the Binary Light Ions Cascade approximates the angular distributions of the fragment production cross sections better than the Quantum Molecular Dynamic model. However, the discrepancies observed between the experimental data and the Monte Carlo simulations lead to the conclusion that the prediction capability of both models needs to be improved at intermediate energies.

Dolor disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular asociado a la sintomatología ótica / Pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular join associated to otic symptomatology. Faustino Pérez Hernández University's Hospital. Matanzas: january 2007-January 2008

Las articulaciones temporomandibulares están situadas delante de los oídos y unen la mandíbula con la base del cráneo mediante ligamentos y músculos. Además, la integran las superficies oclusales de los dientes; realiza movimientos de bisagra y en sentido anteroposterior, contiene un disco fibrocartilaginoso para evitar las fricciones; cualquier alteración de algunas de sus partes puede desencadenar un síndrome dolor disfunción, que el paciente lo manifiesta como dolor miofacial, cefalea, dolor de oídos o síntomas auditivos. El objetivo fue describirá relación entre sintomatología ótica y disfunción temporomandibular.Se estudiaron 123 pacientes, con síntoma ótico referido, que se remitieron a la consulta de ortodoncia con diagnóstico negativo de afección otorrinolaringológica. Para el examen clínico fue empleado el Test de Krogh Paulsen para diagnosticar disfunción. Se analizó que 115 pacientes presentaron disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular con un 93,5 por ciento y como síntomas subjetivos, el dolor miofacial, la cefalea y la otalgia se consideraron los más significativos. El estrés fue el factor de riesgo que se presentó con 91,1 por ciento seguido de los problemas oclusales.Se comprobó que existe relación entre los trastornos temporomandibulares y la sintomatología ótica, siendo las mujeres más propensas a padecer la enfermedad...(AU)

Temporomandibular joints are located before the ears and bond the jawbones with the crania base through ligaments and muscles; they also integrate the oclusal surfaces of the teeth; it makes hinging movements in anterior-posterior sense, containing a fiber-gristly disc to avoid frictions; whatever alteration in any of its parts may cause a pain dysfunction syndrome, manifested in the person as myofacial pain, cephalea, earache or auditive symptoms. Describing the relation between otic symptomatology and temporomandibular dysfunction. We studied 123 patients, with referred otic symptoms, remitted to the orthodontic consultation with negative diagnosis of otolaryngologic disease. For the clinical examination we used the Krogh Paulsen Test to diagnose dysfunction. 115 patients presented temporomandibular join dysfunction with 93,5 percent and as subjective symptoms, myofacial pain, cephalea and otalgia were considered the most significant. Stress was a risk fact presented by 91,1 percent, followed by oclusal problems. We stated that there is a relation between the temporomandibular disturbances and otic symptomatology, being women the ones who tended to suffer the disease more frequently...(AU)