RESUMEN
Abstract Background: Carcass and sheep meat quality are influenced by several factors, such as race, age, slaughter weight, type of diet, and dietary supplementation. Objective: To evaluate the effect of castration and vitamin E supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and meat of lambs slaughtered at 45 kg. Methods: Thirty-two male lambs (16 castrated and 16 not castrated) were fed diets with or without the inclusion of vitamin E. The animals had an average age of 180 ± 20 days and a mean weight of 25.1 ± 4.6 kg. Performance was evaluated for 56 days, and the animals were slaughtered when reaching a weight of 45 kg. The experimental design was randomized blocks based on initial weights, and variables were assessed by a 2x2 factorial design (castrated and intact, supplemented or not with vitamin E, with a probability of 5%). Results: Higher proportion (p<0.05) of visceral fat was found in castrated animals (kidney: 2.45%, inguinal: 0.57% and omental: 4.96%) than in intact animals (kidney: 1.25%, inguinal 0.27%. and omental 3.12%). The aged meat samples showed no color differences for any of the treatments, but there were differences in shear force for steaks aged for 7 days, where the castrated animals showed an average of 2.64 kgf and intact animals showed an average 3.29 kgf. The animals supplemented with vitamin E had lower shear forces in non-aged samples. Conclusion: Castration increased deposition of visceral and fat coverage but did not influence the cut yields and total carcass yield. The animals supplemented with vitamin E had lower shear forces in non-aged samples.
Resumen Antecedentes: La calidad de la canal y de la carne de ovino puede ser influenciada por varios factores, como raza, edad, peso de sacrificio, tipo de dieta y suplementación. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la castración y de la suplementación con vitamina E sobre el desempeño, la calidad de la canal y la carne de corderos Santa Inés sacrificados a los 45 kg de peso. Métodos: Fueron utilizados treinta y dos corderos: dieciséis castrados y dieciséis no castrados, alimentados con dietas con o sin inclusión de vitamina E. Los animales tenían una edad promedio de 180 ± 20 días y un peso promedio de 25,1 ± 4,6 kg. Fue evaluado el desempeño durante 56 días y, al llegar a los 45 kg de peso fueron sacrificados. El diseño experimental fue en bloques aleatorizados con base en el peso inicial, y las variables analizadas mediante un modelo factorial 2x2 (castrado o no castrado y suplementado o no con vitamina E, con una probabilidad del 5%). Resultado: Se encontró mayor proporción (p<0,05) de grasa visceral en los animales castrados (renal: 2,45%; inguinal: 0,57% y mesentérica: 4,96%) que en los no castrados (renal: 1,25%; inguinal 0,27% y mesentérica: 3,12%). Las muestras de carne maduradas no presentaron diferencias de color entre tratamientos, sin embargo hubo diferencias en la fuerza de corte para las carnes maduradas por 7 días, donde los animales castrados presentaron una media de 2,64 kgf y los no castrados de 3,29 kgf. La carne de los animales suplementados con vitamina E tuvo menor fuerza de corte en las muestras no maduradas. Conclusión: La castración aumentó la deposición de grasa visceral y de cobertura pero no influenció las características de rendimiento total de la canal y cortes. Los animales suplementados con vitamina E tuvieron menor fuerza de corte en las muestras no maduradas.
Resumo Antecedentes: A qualidade da carcaça e da carne ovina pode ser influenciada por vários fatores como raça, idade, peso de abate tipo de dieta e suplementação. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da castração e da suplementação de vitamina E sobre o desempenho e qualidade de carcaça e carne de cordeiros Santa Inês abatidos a 45 kg de peso. Métodos: Foram utilizados trinta e dois cordeiros, dezesseis castrados e dezesseis não castrados alimentados com dietas com ou sem inclusão de vitamina E. Os animais tinham idade média de 180 ± 20 dias e peso médio de 25,1 ± 4,6 kg. Foi avaliado o desempenho durante 56 dias, e ao chegarem aos 45 kg foi realizado o abate. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com base no peso inicial, e as variáveis analisadas por modelo fatorial 2x2 (castrado ou não castrado e suplementado ou não com vitamina E, ao nível de 5%). Resultado: Foi encontrada maior proporção (p<0,05) das gorduras viscerais nos animais castrados (renal: 2,45%; inguinal: 0,57% e omental: 4,96%) do que nos animais não castrados (renal: 1,25%; inguinal 0,27% e omental: 3,12%). As amostras maturadas não apresentaram diferenças de cor entre os tratamentos, no entanto houve diferenças na força de cisalhamento para as carnes maturadas por 7 dias, na qual os animais castrados apresentaram média de 2,64 kgf e os não castrados de 3,29 kgf. Os animais suplementados com vitamina E apresentaram menores forças de cisalhamento nas amostras não maturadas. Conclusão: A castração aumentou a deposição de gorduras viscerais e de cobertura, mas não influenciou as características de rendimento de carcaça e cortes. Os animais suplementados com vitamina E tiveram menor força de cisalhamento nas amostras não maturadas.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT: The use of lambs from crossing of local with specialized sheep breeds for meat production may lead to higher meat deposition and a smaller fat amount in the carcass, with a more adequate nutritional profile for human consumption. This study investigated the performance, carcass and meat characteristics of lambs from the Morada Nova and Santa Inês locally adapted hair breeds and crosses between Dorper × Morada Nova and Dorper × Santa Inês slaughtered at approximately 35 kg. Morada Nova lambs showed lower (p 0.05) performance compared to the other genetic groups resulting in a higher age at slaughter (p 0.05). Crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês and Dorper × Morada Nova lambs showed better characteristics for meat production with better (p 0.05) conformation as well as leg and carcass compacteness index. Dorper × Santa Inês have a fatty acid profile that is more suitable for human consumption than Dorper × Morada Nova lambs do (p 0.05); however, both had lower (p 0.05) intramuscular lipid content (as measured by ether extract levels from Longíssimus lumborum) compared with purebred lambs. Therefore, when the objective is to obtain lean meat, with improved nutritional profile to reduce risks of cardiovascular disease, the use of breeds and crosses that reduce animal slaughter age, such as the ½ Dorper × ½ Santa Inês crossbred, is an interesting alternative.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT: The use of lambs from crossing of local with specialized sheep breeds for meat production may lead to higher meat deposition and a smaller fat amount in the carcass, with a more adequate nutritional profile for human consumption. This study investigated the performance, carcass and meat characteristics of lambs from the Morada Nova and Santa Inês locally adapted hair breeds and crosses between Dorper × Morada Nova and Dorper × Santa Inês slaughtered at approximately 35 kg. Morada Nova lambs showed lower (p 0.05) performance compared to the other genetic groups resulting in a higher age at slaughter (p 0.05). Crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês and Dorper × Morada Nova lambs showed better characteristics for meat production with better (p 0.05) conformation as well as leg and carcass compacteness index. Dorper × Santa Inês have a fatty acid profile that is more suitable for human consumption than Dorper × Morada Nova lambs do (p 0.05); however, both had lower (p 0.05) intramuscular lipid content (as measured by ether extract levels from Longíssimus lumborum) compared with purebred lambs. Therefore, when the objective is to obtain lean meat, with improved nutritional profile to reduce risks of cardiovascular disease, the use of breeds and crosses that reduce animal slaughter age, such as the ½ Dorper × ½ Santa Inês crossbred, is an interesting alternative.
RESUMEN
The aim of this work was to evaluate the aromatic compounds Anethole and Carvone and its synergic anthelmintic interactions against sheep gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus multi resistant strain. Anthelmintic resistance has been a hindrance in animal production causing economic losses and consequence of the repetitive use of those ineffective chemicals it is usual to found contamination on meat, milk and environment. New sources of anthelmintic compounds have been investigated. Plant extracts and natural compounds have demonstrated themselves as promising candidates. Eggs were collected from feces of sheep infected with H.contortus. A hundred eggs were exposed to solutions of Anethole and Carvone and half and half Anethole and Carvone diluted in water and solvent Tween 80 in concentrations ranging from 2.08 mg/mL to 0.007mg/mL (decreasing three fold concentrations) with six replicates using a 24 well plate to perform tests. Eggs were incubated for 24 h at 27C and the count of eggs hatched was done using an inverted microscope. Data were analyzed by SAS Probit to estimate LC50 with independent variables (dose) transformed by natural logarithm (log dose). The LC50 (fiducial limits) in mg/mL of Anethole was 0.070 (0.068-0.076), Carvone was 0.085 (0.081-0.088) and the synergic interaction of Anethole+ Carvone was 0.013 (0.012-0.014), according to Table 1. Gas chromato
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
The main factors that contribute to the quality of the meat are texture, flavor, color, appearance and odor. The texture varies depending on the size of the fiber bundles, which is not only determined by the number of fibers, but also by the diameter. The diameter of sheep meat muscle fibers is lower than that of swine and bovines, which tends to increase subtly, and according to the age, this gives a characteristic of greater resistance to the meat. The differences in meat tenderness can also vary depending on the genetic and biochemical composition, especially related to fat ratio, or types of fibers in the muscle. The texture can be determined by sensory and instrumental methods, especially in Warner-Bratzler, which 36% of the variance of the texture can be perceived by consumers. This is an important quality parameter to be considered before marketing these meats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear force meat of castrated Santa Inês-bred lambs. Thirty two Santa Inês-bred lambs, with a mean age of 9 months, were divided into 2 groups: C (castrated) and NC (non-castrated). The animals of Group C were castrated after weaning, by the surgical method of removing the testicles. At 45 kg live weight, the animals were slaughtered, and separated into loin cuts (Longisimus dorsi). The topside, formed by 9 muscles on the back side, was cut for analysis. Twenty samples of
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Native sheep breeds have satisfactory reproductive activity throughout the year, but nutritional and climatic factors such as high temperature during the dry period can affect the semen quality, causing a decrease in sperm motility and an increase in the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm. To protect itself against the deleterious effect of high temperature, the testicle has a complex mechanism of thermoregulation sites. The scrotal skin has an important function in the maintenance of testicular temperature, since it is thin, poor in subcutaneous fat, relatively hairless and has a well-developed blood and lymphatic system, facilitating thermal loss by radiation and evaporation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of scrotal temperature on sperm quality in Morada Nova sheep. Temperature was measured with a laser thermometer and three classes of average testicular temperature were established: class 1 = 28ºC to 31ºC, class 2 = 31.01ºC to 33ºC and class 3 = >33ºC. The ejaculate of each animal was collected using an artificial vagina for further evaluation of volume, aspect, whirling, motility and sperm vigor. Then the sperm concentration and morphology were determined by examination of moist slides. Means were compared by the t-test and chi-square test using the SAS software (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC). There was no difference (P>0.05) for whirling (3.42±1.08%)
O artigo não possui resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Color is the first factor that consumers consider when it comes to meat quality, linking it to freshness. The most common function of vitamin E (tocopherol -), is its ability to act as an antioxidant in biological systems. The free radicals are neutralized by -tocopherol before lipid oxidation is propagated between the cellular and subcellular membranes of highly unsaturated fatty acids. The antioxidants in meat have the function to delay the onset of oxidation phenomena, retaining the sensory characteristics. They are added to the foods to preserve their color characteristics, avoiding the appearance of anomalous odors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the color of the meat of Santa Inês-bred lambs, supplemented with Vitamin E. Thirty two Santa Inês-bred lambs were divided into 2 groups: S (supplementation with Vitamin E) and NS (not supplemented with Vitamin E). The animals were fed an isoproteic diet formulated to meet the requirement of 250-300 g/day. The S group was fed a diet containing 350 mg/kg ppm of Vitamin E per day, added to the concentrate. After the slaughtering, the muscle Longissimus dorsi was separated for the evaluation of the color with the aid of a colorimeter (Minolta) in the CIELAB system, which assessed the parameters: L (brightness), a (red content) and b (level of yellow). The values L, a, and b were obtained in three separate surface points in t
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Color is the first factor that consumers consider when it comes to meat quality, linking it to freshness. The most common function of vitamin E (tocopherol -), is its ability to act as an antioxidant in biological systems. The free radicals are neutralized by -tocopherol before lipid oxidation is propagated between the cellular and subcellular membranes of highly unsaturated fatty acids. The antioxidants in meat have the function to delay the onset of oxidation phenomena, retaining the sensory characteristics. They are added to the foods to preserve their color characteristics, avoiding the appearance of anomalous odors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the color of the meat of Santa Inês-bred lambs, supplemented with Vitamin E. Thirty two Santa Inês-bred lambs were divided into 2 groups: S (supplementation with Vitamin E) and NS (not supplemented with Vitamin E). The animals were fed an isoproteic diet formulated to meet the requirement of 250-300 g/day. The S group was fed a diet containing 350 mg/kg ppm of Vitamin E per day, added to the concentrate. After the slaughtering, the muscle Longissimus dorsi was separated for the evaluation of the color with the aid of a colorimeter (Minolta) in the CIELAB system, which assessed the parameters: L (brightness), a (red content) and b (level of yellow). The values L, a, and b were obtained in three separate surface points in t
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Native sheep breeds have satisfactory reproductive activity throughout the year, but nutritional and climatic factors such as high temperature during the dry period can affect the semen quality, causing a decrease in sperm motility and an increase in the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm. To protect itself against the deleterious effect of high temperature, the testicle has a complex mechanism of thermoregulation sites. The scrotal skin has an important function in the maintenance of testicular temperature, since it is thin, poor in subcutaneous fat, relatively hairless and has a well-developed blood and lymphatic system, facilitating thermal loss by radiation and evaporation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of scrotal temperature on sperm quality in Morada Nova sheep. Temperature was measured with a laser thermometer and three classes of average testicular temperature were established: class 1 = 28ºC to 31ºC, class 2 = 31.01ºC to 33ºC and class 3 = >33ºC. The ejaculate of each animal was collected using an artificial vagina for further evaluation of volume, aspect, whirling, motility and sperm vigor. Then the sperm concentration and morphology were determined by examination of moist slides. Means were compared by the t-test and chi-square test using the SAS software (SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC). There was no difference (P>0.05) for whirling (3.42±1.08%)
O artigo não possui resumo em português.
RESUMEN
The main factors that contribute to the quality of the meat are texture, flavor, color, appearance and odor. The texture varies depending on the size of the fiber bundles, which is not only determined by the number of fibers, but also by the diameter. The diameter of sheep meat muscle fibers is lower than that of swine and bovines, which tends to increase subtly, and according to the age, this gives a characteristic of greater resistance to the meat. The differences in meat tenderness can also vary depending on the genetic and biochemical composition, especially related to fat ratio, or types of fibers in the muscle. The texture can be determined by sensory and instrumental methods, especially in Warner-Bratzler, which 36% of the variance of the texture can be perceived by consumers. This is an important quality parameter to be considered before marketing these meats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear force meat of castrated Santa Inês-bred lambs. Thirty two Santa Inês-bred lambs, with a mean age of 9 months, were divided into 2 groups: C (castrated) and NC (non-castrated). The animals of Group C were castrated after weaning, by the surgical method of removing the testicles. At 45 kg live weight, the animals were slaughtered, and separated into loin cuts (Longisimus dorsi). The topside, formed by 9 muscles on the back side, was cut for analysis. Twenty samples of
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
The aim of this work was to evaluate the aromatic compounds Anethole and Carvone and its synergic anthelmintic interactions against sheep gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus multi resistant strain. Anthelmintic resistance has been a hindrance in animal production causing economic losses and consequence of the repetitive use of those ineffective chemicals it is usual to found contamination on meat, milk and environment. New sources of anthelmintic compounds have been investigated. Plant extracts and natural compounds have demonstrated themselves as promising candidates. Eggs were collected from feces of sheep infected with H.contortus. A hundred eggs were exposed to solutions of Anethole and Carvone and half and half Anethole and Carvone diluted in water and solvent Tween 80 in concentrations ranging from 2.08 mg/mL to 0.007mg/mL (decreasing three fold concentrations) with six replicates using a 24 well plate to perform tests. Eggs were incubated for 24 h at 27C and the count of eggs hatched was done using an inverted microscope. Data were analyzed by SAS Probit to estimate LC50 with independent variables (dose) transformed by natural logarithm (log dose). The LC50 (fiducial limits) in mg/mL of Anethole was 0.070 (0.068-0.076), Carvone was 0.085 (0.081-0.088) and the synergic interaction of Anethole+ Carvone was 0.013 (0.012-0.014), according to Table 1. Gas chromato
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
In southeastern Brazil, the Santa Inês ewes is one of the most used to produce early slaughtering crossbred lambs. The Morada Nova breed is reared only in some regions of Brazil and has a very small number of animals and flocks, but ewes have potential to be used for lamb production in the southeast, due to their adaptability to tropical conditions. This experiment aims to evaluate the reproductive potential of Morada Nova ewes to produce early lambs for slaughter. The study was carried out at Instituto de Zootecnia, city of Nova Odessa, located in São Paulo State, Brazil. Forty-nine adult Santa Inês (SI) ewes with 51.8 ± 7.07 kg of initial body weight and forty-nine Morada Nova (MN) with 33.1 ± 4.98 were used. During pregnancy the ewes were reared on intensive grazing systems with rotational grazing on Aruana grass pasture (Panicum maximum cv.IZ-5), and in the final third of gestation received corn silage ad libitum and a concentrate mixture (400 g/day) with 16% crude protein and 80% of total digestible nutrient (TDN). The length of pregnancy, calculated through the date of mating and date of birth; prolificacy rate obtained by the number of lambs born per ewes; percentage of multiple births (%) and ewes weight at lambing (kg) were calculated. Statistical analysis was carried using GLM procedure of SAS ®. The birth weight of MN ewes was lower than the SI ewes, which is a refl
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Naturalized Brazilian hair breeds are adapted to tropical climate, however produce lambs for slaughter with lower performance and carcass traits. One way to increase productiveness comprises the use of adapted ewes crossed with specialized meat breeds, exploiting the complementarity between breeds and heterosis for sustainable lamb production. Dorper rams can be use to produce crossbred lambs with better performance traits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the weight at birth and at 30 days of Morada Nova lambs (MN) and Santa Inês (SI) straight breed or Dorper crossbred. The study was carried out at Instituto de Zootecnia, city of Nova Odessa, located in São Paulo State, Brazil. Forty-two adult Santa Inês (SI) ewes with 51.8 ± 7.1 Kg of initial body weight, with 21 mated with SI rams and 21 mated with Dorper (DO) rams and 38 Morada Nova (MN) with 33.1 ± 4.98 with 19 mated with MN and 19 mated with DO rams were used. During pregnancy the ewes were reared on intensive grazing systems with rotational grazing on Aruana grass (Panicum maximum cv. Aruana), plus corn silage ad libitum and a concentrate mixture (400 g/day) with 16% crude protein and 80% of total digestible nutrient (TDN) on final third of gestation. After lambing, the ewes were kept in collective pens and kept under the same diet used in late pregnancy. The weight at birth as well as at 30 day old were recorded
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Naturalized Brazilian hair breeds are adapted to tropical climate, however produce lambs for slaughter with lower performance and carcass traits. One way to increase productiveness comprises the use of adapted ewes crossed with specialized meat breeds, exploiting the complementarity between breeds and heterosis for sustainable lamb production. Dorper rams can be use to produce crossbred lambs with better performance traits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the weight at birth and at 30 days of Morada Nova lambs (MN) and Santa Inês (SI) straight breed or Dorper crossbred. The study was carried out at Instituto de Zootecnia, city of Nova Odessa, located in São Paulo State, Brazil. Forty-two adult Santa Inês (SI) ewes with 51.8 ± 7.1 Kg of initial body weight, with 21 mated with SI rams and 21 mated with Dorper (DO) rams and 38 Morada Nova (MN) with 33.1 ± 4.98 with 19 mated with MN and 19 mated with DO rams were used. During pregnancy the ewes were reared on intensive grazing systems with rotational grazing on Aruana grass (Panicum maximum cv. Aruana), plus corn silage ad libitum and a concentrate mixture (400 g/day) with 16% crude protein and 80% of total digestible nutrient (TDN) on final third of gestation. After lambing, the ewes were kept in collective pens and kept under the same diet used in late pregnancy. The weight at birth as well as at 30 day old were recorded
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
In southeastern Brazil, the Santa Inês ewes is one of the most used to produce early slaughtering crossbred lambs. The Morada Nova breed is reared only in some regions of Brazil and has a very small number of animals and flocks, but ewes have potential to be used for lamb production in the southeast, due to their adaptability to tropical conditions. This experiment aims to evaluate the reproductive potential of Morada Nova ewes to produce early lambs for slaughter. The study was carried out at Instituto de Zootecnia, city of Nova Odessa, located in São Paulo State, Brazil. Forty-nine adult Santa Inês (SI) ewes with 51.8 ± 7.07 kg of initial body weight and forty-nine Morada Nova (MN) with 33.1 ± 4.98 were used. During pregnancy the ewes were reared on intensive grazing systems with rotational grazing on Aruana grass pasture (Panicum maximum cv.IZ-5), and in the final third of gestation received corn silage ad libitum and a concentrate mixture (400 g/day) with 16% crude protein and 80% of total digestible nutrient (TDN). The length of pregnancy, calculated through the date of mating and date of birth; prolificacy rate obtained by the number of lambs born per ewes; percentage of multiple births (%) and ewes weight at lambing (kg) were calculated. Statistical analysis was carried using GLM procedure of SAS ®. The birth weight of MN ewes was lower than the SI ewes, which is a refl
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Silage corn is a food widely used, composing the bulk of feed for ruminants, because its present high nutritional value. Since the release by CNTBio seeds of modified genetically corn, many of it began to use transgenic silage corn, which was inserted into genetic code the Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) gene that expresses a toxic protein to caterpillar pests of corn, so occurs the reduction of production costs and pesticide use. Due to rapid expansion of transgenic maize and your wide use in animal feed by producers, the aim of this study was to evaluate the degrability in situ in animal rumen, in order to estimate the nutritional value of silage corn with and without the Bt gene. The experiment was conducted at the Institute of Animal Science Nova Odessa-SP. Were used four rumen fistulated sheep housed in individual pens for 56 days, including four periods. The animals were fed with silage with two varieties of plant corn to silage - DKB and AG, and their isogenic counterparts with the Bt gene, comprising four treatments. The degradability determination of dry matter (DM) digestibility of silage corn treatments was determined by means of nylon bag in situ. After removal, the bags were washed and incubated, then placed in forced-circulation at 55C to constant weight to determine the DM concentration. Data from in situ degradation of DM was adjusted in the mathematical model prop
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Hematologic parameters are used as an auxiliary method for evaluation and diagnosis of various diseases, such as parasitic infections. Citrus pulp has essential oils in its composition that may combat parasitism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hematological parameters of animals supplemented with dried citrus pulp or wet citrus pulp silage. The experiment was carried out at Institute of Animal Science (Instituto de Zootecnia-APTA-SAA-SP), from June to August 2012. Twenty-four Santa Inês ewes lambs, with initial live weight around 25 kg, were totally dewormed and, after three negative fecal EPG (egg per gram) determination, were artificially infected with 3500 larvae of Haemonchus contortus. After 21 days, EPG was performed and the animals divided into three uniform groups of 8 animals / treatments according to theirs live weight and fecal EPG. The animals were placed in individual suspended slatted floor pens for 42 days and fed with corn silage and supplemented with 1% (on DM basis) of corn grain (T1 - control) or dried citrus pulp (T2) or wet citrus pulp silage (T3). Diets were kept isoproteic (11% CP) by supplementation with soybean meal. Blood samples were taken every 14 days for analysis of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb) and erythrocyte count (Ery). Analysis of variance was performed with transformations of data (log X +10) and the means compared by T
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Citrus pulp, wet and dehydrated, has importance as natural anthelmintic, by having in its composition essential oils with large amounts of terpenes, which are secondary metabolites that can cause interference in biochemical and physiological parasites functions. Packed cell volume (PCV) is a tool for indirect diagnosis of infections caused by Haemonchus contortus, since this parasite is a haematophagous nematode that causes severe anemia in animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of PCV and fecal egg count per gram of feces (EPG) in sheep naturally infected fed with dried citrus pulp or wet citrus pulp silage. The experiment was carried out at Instituto de Zootecnia, from June to august/2012, with 45 Santa Ines ewe lambs divided into three groups (15 animals / treatment), according to weight and initial EPG. The ewes lambs from each treatment were kept at different paddocks of Panicum maximum cv. Aruana grass and supplemented with corn silage and with 1% (DM basis) of corn grain (T1 - control) or dried citrus pulp (T2) or wet citrus pulp silage (T3). Blood and feces samples were collected for packed cell volume determination by centrifugation and feces by examination in McMaster chambers. Analysis of variance was performed after data transformations (log (X+10)) and means compared by the SNK test at 5% probability (SAS). The means of group 1, 2 and 3 did not
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Corn silage is the most important preserved food for ruminants. The transgenic corn was inserted into the genetic code Bt gene (Bacillus thuringiensis) that expresses a toxic protein to caterpillars pests of maize, reducing production costs. To evaluate the varieties of plant corn silage DKB and AG with or without the Bt gene on the voluntary intake of DM (g/day) and apparent digestibility coefficients (CDA) of nutrients in sheep, the experiment was conducted at the Institute of Animal Science Nova Odessa-SP. Were used 20 sheep and the experimental design was randomized blocks in scheme factorial type 2x2 (two varieties of plant corn to silage, with the presence or absence of Bt gene), with five animals per treatment. These animals were housed in metabolism cages, with collector and separator feces and urine for 21 days, comprising 8 days for diet adaptation and 7 days for determination of intake, followed by 6 days of collection of feces, to measure DMI (g/day), CDA DM, CP and NDF. Samples of feed offered, leftovers and feces were identified and placed in a circulating air oven maintained at 55C to constant weight. The analyses were performed in Bromatological Analysis Laboratory of the Institute of Animal Science. To CTMS (g/day) was interaction effect (p 0.05) than in the variety AG (779.36) was greater than DKB (637.52), because the DM content of the sheet AG (31.09) wa
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.
RESUMEN
Corn silage is the most important preserved food for ruminants. The transgenic corn was inserted into the genetic code Bt gene (Bacillus thuringiensis) that expresses a toxic protein to caterpillars pests of maize, reducing production costs. To evaluate the varieties of plant corn silage DKB and AG with or without the Bt gene on the voluntary intake of DM (g/day) and apparent digestibility coefficients (CDA) of nutrients in sheep, the experiment was conducted at the Institute of Animal Science Nova Odessa-SP. Were used 20 sheep and the experimental design was randomized blocks in scheme factorial type 2x2 (two varieties of plant corn to silage, with the presence or absence of Bt gene), with five animals per treatment. These animals were housed in metabolism cages, with collector and separator feces and urine for 21 days, comprising 8 days for diet adaptation and 7 days for determination of intake, followed by 6 days of collection of feces, to measure DMI (g/day), CDA DM, CP and NDF. Samples of feed offered, leftovers and feces were identified and placed in a circulating air oven maintained at 55C to constant weight. The analyses were performed in Bromatological Analysis Laboratory of the Institute of Animal Science. To CTMS (g/day) was interaction effect (p 0.05) than in the variety AG (779.36) was greater than DKB (637.52), because the DM content of the sheet AG (31.09) wa
O artigo não apresenta resumo em português.